1415
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Calendar overview 1415
Map with all linked sites: | 1415 | |
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| 1415 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 863/864 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1407/08 |
| Aztec calendar | 13. Rabbit - Matlactli omey Tochtli (until the end of January / beginning of February: 12th house - Matlactli omome Calli ) |
| Buddhist calendar | 1958/59 (southern Buddhism); 1957/58 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 68th (69th) cycle
Year of the wood sheep乙未 ( at the beginning of the year wood horse 甲午) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 777/778 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 793/794 |
| Islamic calendar | 817/818 (turn of the year March 12/13) |
| Jewish calendar | 5175/76 (September 4th / 5th) |
| Coptic calendar | 1131/32 |
| Malayalam calendar | 592/593 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1725/26 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1726/27 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1453 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1471/72 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Portugal
- August 21 : Portuguese sailors with King John I at the helm take possession of the city of Ceuta on the Moroccan coast for their land after a battle they have won and establish the Algarve on the other side of the sea . This is the start of the overseas expansion of the Europeans.
England / France
- January 1st : Jean I. de Bourbon donates the Order of the Golden Fetter .
- 31 July : Richard of Conisburgh, 1st Earl of Cambridge , Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham and Sir Thomas Gray of Heton plan, the English King Henry V to overthrow and Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March to replace. The potential beneficiary, who is only informed shortly before the strike, reveals the Southampton plot , the conspirators are arrested and executed in early August.
- August 18 to September 22 : The siege of Harfleur in the Hundred Years War ends with the city surrendering to the English troops.
- October 25th : Henry V , King of England , defeated an army of almost twice the size of the French in the Battle of Azincourt by deploying longbows . The elite of the French army is destroyed. However, instead of using the spectacular success and marching on Paris , Henry V goes to Calais .
Holy Roman Empire
- February 16 : Burgrave Friedrich of Nuremberg and Elector Ludwig III. of the Palatinate join the parakeet society founded the previous year by the opponents of Duke Ludwig VII of Bavaria-Ingolstadt .
- March 20 : After he became Antipope John XXIII. helped to escape from Constance , the imperial ban is imposed on the Habsburg Frederick IV , Duke of Upper Austria and Count of Tyrol . The German king Sigmund called on the Swiss to the Aargau to conquer in the name of the kingdom, even though they previously a peace treaty with only three years of Habsburg completed. Bern shows the least scruples and immediately lets troops march off. Zurich and the towns of central Switzerland hesitate at first, but move on anyway so as not to have to leave everything to the Bernese. Only Uri does not take part in the campaign.
- April 18 : Bernese troops march into Zofingen without a fight . Six days later, Aarau , Brugg , Lenzburg and the Habsburgs were conquered, usually without much resistance. Lucerne besieges Sursee and subjugates the Michelsamt and the offices of Meienberg and Richensee . Zurich occupies the Freiamt Affoltern and the cellar office . After Mellingen's surrender , the people of Zurich unite with the troops from Lucerne, Glarus , Schwyz , Unterwalden and Zug . Together they force the surrender of Bremgarten on April 24th . The villages in the area around Villmergen voluntarily join Lucerne.
- April 30th : Duke Friedrich IV arrives in Constance again to negotiate with Emperor Sigismund about the repeal of the imperial ban.
- April 30th : King Sigismund appoints the Burgrave of Nuremberg Friedrich as Margrave and Elector of Brandenburg . The rule of the House of Hohenzollern, which lasted until 1918, began there .
- May 5th / 7th : Duke Friedrich IV obtained the repeal of church ban and imperial ban, but had to cede some areas of the Austrian foreland - the Bernese Aargau , the free offices , the county of Baden and the cellar office - to the confederates as well as his lands in Alsace, Breisgau, Swabia and Tyrol in the hands of the emperor. He then remains held hostage by the emperor for eleven months.
- July 8th : During the Council of Constance , the members of the parakeet society meet and transform them into a defensive alliance for the life of Louis VII , the Constance League . They commit themselves to mutual assistance and use their influence in the empire in the next few years to harm Ludwig.
Southern Italy
- Jacques II. De Bourbon, comte de La Marche , Prince of Taranto , marries Queen Joan II of Naples . He has Johanna's lover Pandolfo Alopo killed and the condottiere Muzio Attendolo Sforza , who exerted great influence on her, imprisoned. When he is crowned king, however, he is arrested by the barons who force him to release Sforza and renounce kingship.
Byzantine Empire
- April 8 : Under the direction of the Byzantine Emperor Manuel II , thousands of workers begin repairs on the ancient Hexamilion . The structure at the Isthmus of Corinth is intended to protect the Peloponnese from attacks from the north.
Africa
- The Ethiopian Empire of Abyssinia under negus Isaac conquered and annexed the Sultanate of Ifat . Thereupon the newly founded Sultanate Adal on the Gulf of Aden takes the lead in the fight against Ethiopia .
Culture and society
- February 23 : The prayer book of Maria von Geldern , a Gothic book of hours , is completed.
- around 1415: The construction of the late Gothic St. Mary's Church in Winsen begins.
religion
Council of Constance
John XXIII imprisoned in Mannheim , engraving, 1697
- March 20 : John XXIII. , The only of the three Popes of the Western Schism , who has participated in the Council, flees with the support of Duke Frederick IV. Of Konstanz .
- April 6th : The Council of Constance publishes the decree Haec sancta , which puts it above the Pope.
- April 29 : John XXIII. arrested on the run in Freiburg and extradited to the Bohemian King Sigismund .
- May 4 : The Council of Constance declares the English church reformer John Wyclif, who died in 1384, a heretic and orders his bones to be cremated, which actually happens in 1428.
- May 29th : The council declares John XXIII. for discontinued. He agreed to his removal on May 31st .
- July 4th : Pope Gregory XII. resigns at the urging of the council and is appointed papal legate for life.
- July 4th : The council declares the third Pope Benedict XIII. for discontinued.
- July 6th : Jan Hus , a Czech church critic, is consigned to death by fire as a heretic after almost a year in prison despite the assurance of safe conduct .
Appointments of bishops
- Johann II. Von Heideck succeeds Friedrich IV. Von Oettingen , who died on September 19, as Bishop of Eichstätt and thus at the same time prince-bishop of the eponymous monastery .
Buddhism in Tibet
- Deshin Shegpa , 5th Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu School of Tibetan Buddhism , dies.
Born
Date of birth saved
- February 25 : Rennyo , Japanese Buddhist teacher († 1499 )
- March 10 : Vasily II , Russian Grand Duke of Moscow († 1462 )
- March 14 : Wilhelm II. , Count von Henneberg-Schleusingen († 1444 )
- May 3 : Cecily Neville , Duchess of York († 1495 )
- August 1 : Pierre von Roubaix , French Count of Roubaix († 1498 )
Painting Emperor Friedrich III. by Hans Burgkmair the Elder
- September 12 : John Mowbray , English nobleman, 3rd Duke of Norfolk († 1461 )
- September 21 : Friedrich III. , Roman-German Emperor († 1493 )
- December 1 : Jan Długosz , Polish diplomat, historian and geographer († 1480 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Reinoud II. Van Brederode , Dutch nobleman († 1473 )
- Catalano Grimaldi , Lord of Monaco († 1457 )
- Sai Tia Kaphut , King of Lan Chang († 1481 )
- Angelo Camillo Decembrio , Italian author and translator († after 1465)
- Johann II , French nobleman, Count of Étampes († 1491 )
- Hans Schurff , Swiss Mayor († 1480 )
Born around 1415
- John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners , English nobleman and peer († 1474 )
- James Hamilton , English nobleman, 1st Lord Hamilton († 1479 )
- Muhammad X , Moorish emir of Granada († 1454 )
- Thuringia von Ringoltingen , Swiss writer († 1483 )
- Andreas Walsperger , German cartographer
Died
January to September
- April 7th : Hinrich Westhof , Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
- April 12 : Walram III. , French nobleman, Connétable of France (* around 1357 )
- April 15 : Manuel Chrysoloras , Byzantine diplomat and promoter of Greek literature in Western Europe (* 1353 )
- July 19 : Philippa of Lancaster , Princess of England and Queen of Portugal (* 1360 )
- August 5th : Richard of Conisburgh , English nobleman, 1st Earl of Cambridge (* 1375 )
- August 5th : Henry Scrope , English nobleman, 3rd Baron of Masham (* around 1376 )
- August 20 or August 23 : Wartislaw VIII. , Duke of Pomerania (* 1373 )
- September 6th : Peter Mauley, 5th Baron Mauley , English nobleman (* 1378 )
- September 19th : Friedrich IV. Von Oettingen , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
October to December
- October 13th : Thomas Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel , English nobleman (* 1381 )
- October 25 : Charles I. d'Albret , French nobleman, Count von Dreux
- October 25 : Robert von Bar , French nobleman, Count of Soissons and Marle (* around 1390 )
- October 25 : Jean IV. De Bueil , French nobleman, Count of Bueil-en-Touraine (* 1365 )
- October 25 : Anton of Burgundy , Duke of Brabant, Limburg and Luxembourg (* 1384 )
- October 25 : Jean de Montaigu , French Bishop of Chartres and Archbishop of Sens
- 25 October : Philip II of Nevers , French nobleman, Count of Nevers (* 1389 )
- October 25 : Edward of Norwich , English nobleman, 2nd Duke of York (* around 1373)
- October 25 : Michael de la Pole , English nobleman, 3rd Earl of Suffolk (* 1394 )
- October 25 : Edward III. , French nobleman, Duke of Bar (* 1377 )
- October 25 : Johann I , French nobleman, Duke of Alençon (* 1385 )
- October 25th : John VI. , French nobleman, Count of Roucy and Braine
- November 3 : William Zouche, 4th Baron Zouche of Haryngworth , English nobleman (* around 1373 )
- November 30th : Anna , Palatine princess and Duchess von Berg (* 1346 )
- December 18 : Louis de Valois , Dauphin of Viennois (* 1397 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Michael de la Pole , English nobleman, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (* 1367 )
- Manuel Chrysoloras , Byzantine diplomat and philologist (* around 1353 )
- Rudolf von Mecklenburg-Stargard , Bishop of Schwerin
- Deshin Shegpa , Tibetan Buddhist and 5th Karmapa (* 1384 )
- Jakub Matějův ze Soběslavi , Czech scholar
- Edo Wiemken the Elder , first East Frisian chief of Östringen and Rüstringen
- Master of Wittingau , Czech painter
- Bernhard VI. , Sovereign of the rule Lippe (* around 1370 )
Web links
Commons : 1415 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
