Muhammad X. (Granada)

Muhammad X. ( Arabic محمد العاشر, DMG Muḥammad al-ʿāšir , called al-Ahnaf in Arabic الأحنف, DMG al-Aḥnaf 'the one with the crooked foot', or in Spanish El cojo - "the lame one", born around 1415; died around 1454) was Emir of Granada from January to June 1445 and from 1446 to 1447.

Muhammad's Tenth reign falls into a phase of great confusion in the Nasrid Empire, and the little information about this ruler comes mostly from second hand, namely from Christian sources. The sources are so sparse that some researchers have completely questioned the existence of Muhammad.

What is certain is that Muhammad IX. Was overthrown in early 1445 during the civil war between the Abencerrajes and Banigash clans . His nephew Muhammad al-Ahraf, who was previously governor of Almería and gained popularity through military success, led the coup. However, the Abencerrajes, who were hostile to him, soon supported Yusuf V , who was proclaimed the new emir in mid-1445.

After Yusuf V had been overthrown because of an alliance with the Castilian king Juan II , the Banigash clan Muhammad X succeeded again as ruler of the Nasrid Empire . But this could not overcome the opposition of the Abencerrajes, so that he was already 1447 by Muhammad IX. with whose support could be ousted.

literature

• Arnold Hottinger : The Moors. Arabic culture in Spain . Fink, Paderborn 2005, ISBN 3-7705-3075-6 .
• Maḥmūd ʿAlī Makkī: The Nasrid Granada. In: Almut von Gladiß (ed.): Treasures of the Alhambra: Islamic art in Andalusia. [Exhibition in the special exhibition halls at the Kulturforum Berlin, October 29, 1995 to March 3, 1996.] Exhibition catalog. Skira, Milano 1995, ISBN 88-8118-034-0 , pp. 39-59.

Remarks

1. ↑ On the name cf. the Nasrid family tree in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition Vol. VII, p. 1027b
2. ↑ See e.g. B. the genealogy of Nicolás Homar Vives.
   Francisco Vidal Castro: Conflictos dinásticos del reino Nazarí de Granada en la Frontera de Jaén: La presencia de Ismaʿil III en Cambil (1445). In: Sumuntán: anuario de estudios sobre Sierra Mágina, ISSN  1132-6956 , 18 (2003), pp. 41-54 ( online ( Memento of October 6, 2007 in the Internet Archive ); PDF; 73 kB) and Francisco Bueno: Los Reyes de la Alhambra , 2004, ISBN 84-7169-082-9 omit Muhammad X and come to the following list of rulers for the period in question:
   • Muhammad IX (3rd reign: 1432–1445)
   • Yusuf V. EL Cojo (1445-1446)
   • Ismail III. (1446–1447)
   • Muhammad IX (4th reign: 1447-1453)
   If one follows this view, then for the other rulers of this name Muhammad XI shifts . , XII. and XIII. the count accordingly.

predecessor	Office	successor
Muhammad IX	Emir of Granada 1445	Yusuf V.
Yusuf V.	Emir of Granada 1446–1447	Muhammad IX