Muhammad IX (Granada)

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Battle of La Higueruela, painting in the battle room of the Escorial (16th century).

Muhammad IX called in Arabic al-Aysar , in Spanish el Zurdo "the left-handed" (* 1396 ; † 1453 ) was Emir of Granada (1419–1427, 1430–1431, 1432–1445, 1448–1453).

Muhammad IX came to the throne of Granada as the grandson of Muhammad V after the overthrow of Muhammad VIII . Power struggles between the Abencerrajes / Banu Sarraj and the Banigash clans continued under him . Even if Muhammad IX. based on the most powerful clan in the empire, he could not permanently consolidate his rule.

Between 1427 and 1429 he was expelled from Granada by his predecessor Muhammad VIII, but was able to recapture the throne with the support of Castile and the Hafsids . Since Muhammad IX. now allied with Aragon against Castile, attacked this 1431 Granada and Muhammad IX. defeated on July 1st at the Battle of La Higueruela . As a result, another candidate from Castile, Yusuf IV , won rule in Granada, but he was murdered in 1432. Muhammad IX continued the war against Castile until an armistice could be reached in 1439 .

Between 1445 and 1447, however, he was again ousted from power by other Nasrids ( Muhammad X and Yusuf V ). During his fourth reign, Muhammad IX tried. to oppress his opponents through a tyranny. Since Castile was weakened by internal power struggles, he was able to record greater successes by conquering some fortresses in the border area with Castile. Successor of Muhammad IX. became Muhammad XI.

literature

  • Thomas Freller: Granada. Kingdom between Orient and Occident. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-0825-4 , pp. 94-103.
  • Arnold Hottinger : The Moors. Arabic culture in Spain . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7705-3075-6 .
  • Maḥmūd ʿAlī Makkī: The Nasrid Granada. In: Almut von Gladiß (ed.): Treasures of the Alhambra: Islamic art in Andalusia. [Exhibition in the special exhibition halls at the Kulturforum Berlin, October 29, 1995 to March 3, 1996.] Exhibition catalog. Skira, Milano 1995, ISBN 88-8118-034-0 , pp. 51-54.
predecessor Office successor
Muhammad VIII. Emir of Granada
1419-1427
Muhammad VIII.
Muhammad VIII. Emir of Granada
1430–1431
Yusuf IV.
Yusuf IV. Emir of Granada
1432-1445
Muhammad X.
Muhammad X. Emir of Granada
1448-1453
Muhammad XI.