February 23

The February 23 is the 54th day of the Gregorian calendar , so stay 311 days (in leap years 312 days) by year end.

Historical anniversaries January · February · March

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Events

Politics and world events

1534: Jan van Leiden at the baptism of a girl

• 1534 : The Anabaptists win the regular elections to the City Council of Münster . The newly elected mayor Bernd Knipperdolling immediately starts building the Anabaptist Empire of Münster together with the city councilors Bernd and Heinrich Krechting and the prophets Jan Matthys , Jan van Leiden and Bernd Rothmann .
• 1763 : Under the leadership of the house slave Cuffy , a slave revolt begins in the Dutch colony of Berbice in what is now Guyana in South America .
• 1766 : With the death of the last Duke of Lorraine and Bar Stanislaus I. Leszczyński , Lorraine falls to France in accordance with the agreements of the Peace of Vienna (1738) .

1836: Floor plan of The Alamo

• 1836 : The Mexican army under General Antonio López de Santa Anna begins the siege of Fort Alamo in San Antonio , which lasts until March 6 , in which insurgent Texans have holed up.

1847: Battle of Buena Vista

• 1847 : The Battle of Buena Vista in the Mexican-American War wins the US armed forces under General Zachary Taylor against the numerically larger Mexican troops commanded by Generalissimo Antonio López de Santa Anna .
• 1854 : Great Britain recognizes the independence of the Orange Free State in South Africa in the Bloemfontein Convention .
• 1861 : By referendum, the people of Texas approve the separation of the state from the United States of America, making it the seventh and last southern state to leave and leave the Union before Abraham Lincoln, elected US president, took office and the war of civil secession began joins the Confederate States of America formed earlier this month .
• 1865 : The Baden school dispute over the abolition of the church supervisory law at elementary schools culminates in the Mannheim casino storm against the Catholic casino movement .
• 1866 : A conspiratorial group of military forces enters the palace of Alexandru Ioan Cuza and forces the reform-oriented first prince of Romania to abdicate.
• 1903 : Cuba leases the area around Guantánamo Bay to the United States for 99 years.
• 1918 : The Red Army recruits its first soldiers. The day is later celebrated in the Soviet Union as Red Army Day.
• 1932 : In a speech before the German Reichstag, the SPD politician Kurt Schumacher coined the phrase: "The whole of National Socialist agitation is a constant appeal to the weaker self in people" .

1934: Leopold III.

• 1934 : Leopold III. becomes king of the Belgians . He succeeds his father Albert I , who died on February 17, on the throne.
• 1937 : In an interview with the Swiss former Federal Councilor Edmund Schulthess promises Adolf Hitler , the Swiss neutrality be respected.
• 1945 : The air raid on Pforzheim , which lasts only about 22 minutes , kills 17,600 of the 60,000 inhabitants and destroys more than 80% of the urban area. On the same day the Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate experienced the first of two heavy air raids .
• 1945 : After several months of fighting , the Americans succeed in crossing the Rur on the western front . This seals the collapse of the Rur front and opens the way to the Rhine.
• 1945 : The battle of Poznan , which lasted almost a month, ends with the surrender of the last German defenders in the city's citadel .

1945: Iwo Jima

• 1945 : The Battle for Volcano Island Iwo Jima in the Pacific War hoist Marines the US flag - that hours later staged photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima by Joe Rosenthal is an award-winning icon image.
• 1947 : ISO , the International Organization for Standardization , based in Geneva, begins operations.
• 1948 : In London, until June 6, lasting begins six-power conference of the three Western occupying powers and the right on West Germany adjacent Benelux countries with the aim of the foundation for the participation of a democratic Germany to provide to the international community. As a result of the conference, the Soviet Union ceased its participation in the Allied Control Council .
• 1961 : The public employers and the trade union ÖTV sign the Federal Employees ' Collective Agreement ( BAT ) in Bad Nauheim to regulate employment conditions and pay in the public service .

1970: Guyana

• 1970 : Prime Minister Forbes Burnham declares Guyana , previously a parliamentary monarchy, a cooperative republic.
• 1981 : Lieutenant Colonel Antonio Tejero takes the members of the Spanish Parliament and the government hostage on day 23-F in order to prevent the election of Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo as Prime Minister and to end the democratization process in Spain (Transición) . At the same time, General Milans del Bosch declared a state of emergency in Valencia. A televised address by King Juan Carlos I thwarted the attempted coup.
• 1982 : In a referendum in Greenland , the majority of voters decided against remaining in the European Community ; the resignation will take place on January 1, 1985.
• 1991 : The military around Generals Sunthorn Kongsompong and Suchinda Kraprayoon carried out a coup in Thailand against Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan , who went into exile in Great Britain.
• 1996 : Saddam Hussein's sons-in-law are executed in Iraq shortly after their return from exile.
• 2002 : Colombian presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt is kidnapped by FARC-EP rebels. The armed conflict in Colombia is thus moving into the focus of the global public.

economy

• 1872 : The Mauser Model 71 rifle produced in the Königlich Württembergischen rifle factory in Oberndorf am Neckar is introduced as the first German Reich rifle .

science and technology

• 1767 : The Regensburg theologian Jacob Christian Schäffer developed a forerunner of the washing machine , the impeller blade machine, which he praised as a step forward in his book The Comfortable and Most Beneficial Washing Machine .
• 1784 : Wilhelm Herschel discovers a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo , listed as NGC 4412 in the star catalog .
• 1886 : Charles Martin Hall succeeds in a manufacturing process for aluminum after several years of attempts .

1893: Rudolf Diesel

• 1893 : Rudolf Diesel receives a patent on "Working method and design for internal combustion engines " , known today as the diesel engine .

1909: AEA Silver Dart

• 1909 : The pioneering aircraft AEA Silver Dart starts in Baddeck on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, from the ice of Bras d'Or Lake from its maiden flight. The pilot is the Canadian John Alexander Douglas McCurdy ,
• 1941 : The radioactive element plutonium is produced for the first time by the physicist Glenn T. Seaborg by bombarding uranium ²³⁸ U with deuterium in a cyclotron .
• 1951 : The prototype of the Dassault Mystère built by the French aircraft manufacturer Dassault Aviation , the company's first aircraft with swept wings , has its maiden flight.
• 1990 : The US space probe Pioneer 11 is the third spacecraft to pass the orbit of Neptune after Pioneer 10 and Voyager 2 .
• 1997 : A fire breaks out on board the Russian Mir space station . The fire was extinguished after 14 minutes and the crew remained uninjured.

2002: Nebra Sky Disc (reconstruction)

• 2002 : A police operation in Basel succeeds in securing the Nebra Sky Disc from the Bronze Age , which was found by robbery graves in the summer of 1999.

Culture

1775: Beaumarchais

• 1775 : The play La Précaution inutile ou le Barbier de Séville ( The useless caution or the barber of Seville ) by Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais premieres in Paris. The audience fails the piece because it is overloaded with political and personal allusions.
• 1835 : The opera La Juive ( Die Jüdin ) by Jacques Fromental Halévy with the libretto by Eugène Scribe takes place in Paris . Appreciated by Giuseppe Verdi as much as Richard Wagner , the opera became a series success: by 1893 it was performed 550 times at the Paris Opera alone.
• 1917 : The opera Mlada by César Cui is premiered at the Mikhailovsky Theater in Petrograd .
• 1920 : The premiere of the opera Der Fremde by Hugo Kaun takes place at the State Opera in Dresden .
• 1922 : The film Othello , made by director Dimitri Buchowetzki based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare, is premiered in Berlin . Emil Jannings plays the main role .
• 1951 : The film Quo Vadis with Robert Taylor , Peter Ustinov and Deborah Kerr, based on the novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz , premieres in the USA.
• 1963 : Following the closure of Scala Wien in 1956, the Volkstheater in Vienna under Leon Epp is the first Viennese theater that dares to break the Brecht boycott proclaimed by Friedrich Torberg and Hans Weigel by performing Bertolt Brecht's play Mother Courage and Her Children performs. The director is Gustav Manker , the title role is played by Dorothea Neff .

society

• 1905 : Paul Percy Harris founds the first Rotary club in Chicago . The organization of people from higher social circles, which is now widespread worldwide, is dedicated to non-profit and charitable tasks.

religion

303: Diocletian

• 0303 : Emperor Diocletian initiates persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire . His edict forbids services and he continues to order the destruction of churches and scriptures. Christians lose Roman citizenship .
• 1957 : The diocese of Essen is established with the circumscription bull Germanicae gentis by Pope Pius XII. It was erected on January 1st, 1958.

Disasters

• 1668 : The Leopoldine wing of the Vienna Hofburg falls victim to a major fire and burns down to the foundation walls. The imperial family can save themselves from the flames.
• 1887 : The Côte d'Azur is hit by a powerful earthquake that kills around 2,000 people.
• 1967 : 80 seamen fell victim to the worst hurricane to date over the German Bight and the southern North Sea, including the crew of the Heligoland rescue cruiser Adolph Bermpohl . In their honor, the hurricane is named Adolph-Bermpohl-Orkan by the Hamburg Sea Weather Office .
• 1989 : A Commander AC-90 of the Austrian airline Rheintalflug , coming from Vienna-Schwechat , crashes on the approach to the St. Gallen-Altenrhein airfield in Lake Constance . All eleven people on board are killed. Among them the Austrian Minister of Social Affairs Alfred Dallinger .
• 1997 : A fire disaster in the Indian state of Orissa leaves over 100 dead and 200 injured.
• 1999 : The avalanche disaster in Galtür in Tyrol claims 31 lives.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .

nature and environment

• 1549 : A water miracle on the Seerhein is observed in Constance . The event has now been scientifically identified as a seiche , a standing wave .

Sports

• 2008 : Wladimir Klitschko wins his boxing match against Sultan Ibragimow in Madison Square Garden in New York with a point victory over 12 rounds and is IBF / WBO heavyweight world champion. It is the first title union of the two boxing associations since 1999.

Entries of athletics world records can be found under the respective discipline under athletics .

Born

Before the 18th century

• 1133 : az-Zafir , twelfth caliph of the Fatimids
• 1187 : Peter of Portugal , Count of Urgell
• 1322 : Jan Neplach , abbot, advisor to Charles IV, Bohemian chronicler
• 1417 : Louis IX. , Duke of Bavaria-Landshut
• 1417 : Paul II , Pope
• 1443 : Matthias Corvinus , King of Hungary and Bohemia
• 1471 : Kilian Leib , humanistically oriented prior in the Augustinian Canon Abbey in Rebdorf
• 1538 : Dorothea Katharina von Brandenburg-Ansbach , by marriage Countess of Meißen
• 1539 : Heinrich XI. , Duke of Liegnitz
• 1566 : Theodor Adamius , German lawyer and university professor
• 1567 : Elisabeth von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , Countess of Holstein-Schauenburg and Duchess of Braunschweig-Harburg
• 1583 : Jean-Baptiste Morin , French mathematician, astronomer and astrologer
• 1598 : Vincent Voiture , French poet and writer
• 1605 : Frans Banninck Cocq , Regent of Amsterdam
• 1606 : Georg Friedrich , Count or Prince of Nassau-Siegen
• 1615 : Nicolas Fouquet , French Minister of Finance
• 1633 : Giacomo Antonio Morigia , Italian theologian, Archbishop of Florence and Cardinal

Samuel Pepys (* 1633)

• 1633 : Samuel Pepys , English civil servant and chronicler
• 1646 : Tokugawa Tsunayoshi , Japanese shogun
• 1648 : Arabella Churchill , mistress of James II of England
• 1649 : John Blow , English composer (baptism date)
• 1664 : Georg Dietrich Leyding , German organist and composer
• 1671 : Johann Maximilian von Welsch , German architect, senior construction director and fortress builder
• 1682 : Christian , Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels and Prince of Saxe-Querfurt
• 1698 : Anna Catharina vom Büchel , Zionite prophetess, venerated by her followers as the mother of Zion

18th century

• 1707 : Matthias Faller , German monastery sculptor and wood carver
• 1712 : Johann Gottfried Brendel , German medic
• 1736 : Johann Heinrich Vincent Nölting , German theologian and philosopher
• 1744 : Mayer Amschel Rothschild , German banker
• 1745 : Ivan Yegorowitsch Starow , Russian architect
• 1750 : Johann Wilhelm Bartsch , German educator, polymath and landowner
• 1751 : Henry Dearborn , American physician, politician, and officer
• 1754 : Johann David August von Apell , German composer, writer, theater director and secret chamber councilor
• 1762 : Johanna Antoni , German writer
• 1766 : Christoph Arentz , German Benedictine priest and scientist

Caroline von Humboldt (* 1766)

• 1766 : Caroline von Humboldt , German nobleman and wife of Wilhelm von Humboldt
• 1770 : Friedrich Philipp Wilmsen , German Reformed theologian and educator
• 1773 : Daniel Heinrich Delius , Prussian District President
• 1776 : Johann David Gruschwitz , Silesian weaver and industrialist
• 1776 : John Walter , British owner and editor of The Times
• 1777 : Gottfried Fleischmann , German physician and university professor
• 1779 : Johann Kaspar Aiblinger , German composer and conductor
• 1782 : John Wilson Campbell , American judge and politician, member of the House of Representatives for Ohio
• 1782 : Johann Baptist Emanuel Pohl , Austrian botanist
• 1787 : José Lúcio Travassos Valdez , Portuguese politician
• 1789 : Friedrich von Aschoff , Prussian lieutenant general
• 1792 : José Joaquín de Herrera , Mexican President and Officer
• 1799 : Heinrich Friedrich von Itzenplitz , Prussian statesman, scientist and lawyer
• 1800 : Adelheid von Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym , Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, Hereditary Princess of Lübeck and Princess of Holstein-Oldenburg

19th century

1801-1850

• 1802 : Karl Eduard Arnd , German historian
• 1802 : Joseph Lebourgeois , French composer
• 1802 : Andreas Zelinka , Mayor of Vienna

Alexandrine of Prussia (* 1803)

• 1803 : Alexandrine of Prussia , Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
• 1803 : Johann August Sutter , US-American-Swiss land owner, founder of New Helvetia
• 1806 : Manfredo Fanti , Italian general
• 1807 : Karl Mathias Rott , Austrian comedian
• 1812 : Fischel Arnheim , German politician and lawyer, MdL
• 1813 : Franz Delitzsch , German theologian and professor
• 1813 : Ferdinand Stadler , Swiss architect
• 1815 : Franz Antoine , Austrian botanist
• 1815 : Joséphin Soulary , French poet
• 1818 : Gustav Jahn , German folk writer, poet and mayor
• 1820 : David Kalisch , German writer, co-founder of the Kladderadatsch
• 1820 : Jakob Stämpfli , Swiss politician
• 1821 : Amos T. Akerman , American politician
• 1823 : Adolph Kullak , German pianist and music writer
• 1827 : Raffaele Monaco La Valletta , Italian cardinal to the curia
• 1834 : Gustav Nachtigal , German Africa explorer
• 1837 : Paul André , Swiss politician
• 1838 : Johanna Willborn , German pedagogue and writer
• 1840 : Carl Menger , Austrian economist

Eduard von Hartmann (* 1842)

• 1842 : Eduard von Hartmann , German philosopher
• 1845 : Karl Wilhelm Augustin , German high school teacher and entomologist
• 1850 : César Ritz , Swiss hotelier
• 1850 : William Allan , British painter
• 1850 : Adele Rautenstrauch , German patroness and founder

1851-1900

• 1852 : Dục Đức , fifth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty
• 1858 : Johann Peter , Austrian writer
• 1860 : William Louis Abbott , American physician, naturalist, and ornithologist
• 1860 : Margarethe von Bülow , German writer
• 1863 : Luigi Capotosti , Italian priest, Bishop of Modigliana and cardinal to the Curia
• 1863 : Franz von Stuck , German painter and sculptor
• 1864 : Wilhelm Streitberg , German Indo-Europeanist
• 1868 : Henry Bergman , American actor

WEB Du Bois (* 1868)

• 1868 : WEB Du Bois , US-Ghanaian civil rights activist, sociologist, philosopher, journalist and pacifist
• 1870 : Franz Andreß , German teacher and local researcher
• 1870 : Hans von Kahlenberg , German writer
• 1873 : Liang Qichao , Chinese journalist, scholar, reformist in the Qing Dynasty
• 1873 : Édouard Risler , French pianist
• 1873 : Jean-Jacques Waltz , alias Hansi , German-French graphic artist and local researcher from Alsace
• 1874 : Albert Michael Koeniger , German church historian and canonist
• 1874 : Gustav Weindorfer , Austro-Australian farmer, naturalist, resort operator and ranger
• 1876 : Camille Couture , Canadian violinist, music teacher and violin maker
• 1878 : Kasimir Severinovich Malevich , Ukrainian-Russian painter ( Russian avant-garde, constructivism, suprematism )
• 1878 : Otto Schubert , German architect and university professor
• 1879 : Agnes Arber , English botanist
• 1879 : Gustav Oelsner , German architect and town planner
• 1882 : B. Traven , German writer
• 1882 : Ladislav Vycpálek , Czech composer
• 1883 : Adolf II , Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• 1883 : Ludwig Bergsträsser , German politician, historian, political scientist and archivist, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag

Karl Jaspers (* 1883)

• 1883 : Karl Jaspers , German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher
• 1883 : Otto Nuschke , German politician and Deputy Prime Minister of the GDR
• 1884 : Casimir Funk , Polish biochemist
• 1886 : Gustav Abb , German librarian
• 1886 : Kasia von Szadurska , German painter and graphic artist of Expressionism and New Objectivity
• 1887 : Hermann Asmus , German film architect and theater painter
• 1887 : Oskar Lindberg , Swedish composer
• 1888 : Josef Eichheim , German actor
• 1888 : Wilhelm Ernst , German geologist, mineralogist and paleontologist
• 1889 : Victor Fleming , American film director
• 1890 : Werner Paeckelmann , German geologist and paleontologist
• 1891 : Kurata Hyakuzō , Japanese writer
• 1895 : Kyriena Siloti , American music teacher
• 1896 : Sarah Fischer , Canadian singer and music teacher
• 1896 : Heribert Fischer-Geising , German painter and draftsman
• 1896 : Herbert Weichmann , German politician, Member of the State Parliament, Senator, First Mayor of Hamburg
• 1899 : Vitaly Viktor Chaim Arlosoroff , Russian politician
• 1899 : Erich Kästner , German writer, screenwriter and cabaret artist
• 1899 : Elisabeth Langgässer , German writer
• 1899 : Norman Taurog , American film director

20th century

1901-1925

• 1902 : Ludwig Frederick Audrieth , American chemist
• 1901 : Edgar Ende , German painter
• 1902 : Tiny Feather , American football player

Julius Fučík (* 1903)

• 1903 : Julius Fučík , Czech writer, journalist and cultural politician
• 1904 : Erich Beyreuther , German Lutheran theologian and church historian
• 1904 : George Docking , American politician
• 1904 : Leopold Trepper , Polish communist, resistance fighter and publicist
• 1905 : Richard Czaya , German chess official and chess player
• 1905 : Ludwig Gehm , German politician, resistance fighter, educator about National Socialism
• 1905 : Leonidas Zoras , Greek composer
• 1906 : Josef Hrubý , Czechoslovak architect
• 1906 : Sámal Joensen-Mikines , Faroese painter
• 1907 : Hans-Jürgen Graf von Blumenthal , German officer, resistance fighter of July 20, 1944
• 1908 : William McMahon , Australian Prime Minister
• 1912 : Aenne Brauksiepe , German politician, chairwoman of the Women's Union, Member of the Bundestag, Federal Minister
• 1913 : Salvador Artigas , Spanish football player and coach
• 1914 : Theofiel Middelkamp , Dutch cyclist
• 1915 : Noma Hiroshi , Japanese writer
• 1915 : Heinrich Schirmbeck , German writer
• 1915 : Paul Tibbets , American pilot, head of atomic bombing on Hiroshima
• 1916 : Franz Adis , German politician
• 1916 : George Abel , Canadian ice hockey player
• 1917 : Herbert Wunsch , Austrian table tennis player
• 1918 : Ernst Hildebrand , German composer and musician
• 1919 : Anna Maria Strackerjan , German sculptor
• 1920 : Anton Wladimirowitsch Antonow-Ovsejenko , Russian historian and dissident

Walter E. Lautenbach (* 1920)

• 1920 : Walter E. Lautenbacher , German fashion photographer, is considered to be the founder of the photo designer profession
• 1920 : Hall Overton , American jazz musician
• 1921 : Adulf Peter Goop , Liechtenstein legal advisor, local historian and patron
• 1922 : Rudolf Arzinger , German international lawyer and lawyer
• 1923 : Rafael Addiego Bruno , Uruguayan lawyer and lawyer
• 1923 : Dante Lavelli , American football player
• 1923 : Moritz Mebel , German medic
• 1924 : Lejaren Hiller , American composer
• 1924 : Alexander Kerst , German actor
• 1924 : Claude Sautet , French screenwriter and film director

1926-1950

• 1926 : Wolfgang Arps , German actor
• 1927 : Ennio Antonelli , Italian boxer and actor
• 1927 : Robert N. Bellah , American sociologist
• 1927 : Werner Dolata , German politician, MdA, MdB
• 1927 : Willie Ormond , Scottish football player and coach
• 1928 : Hans Herrmann , German automobile racing driver

Alexius II (* 1929)

• 1929 : Alexius II , Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia
• 1929 : Thorsten Andersson , Swedish medievalist, linguist and name researcher
• 1929 : Wolfgang Junker , German politician, Minister for Construction of the GDR
• 1929 : Herbert Mies , German politician, chairman of the DKP
• 1930 : Harry Boldt , German dressage rider
• 1930 : Jef Geeraerts , Belgian crime novelist
• 1930 : Ignaz Kiechle , German farmer and politician, Member of the Bundestag, Federal Minister
• 1930 : Gorō Shimura , Japanese-American mathematician
• 1931 : Carl Ewen , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1931 : Gustav-Adolf Schur , German racing cyclist, one of the most famous athletes in the GDR, politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1931 : Tom Wesselmann , American painter
• 1932 : Majel Barrett , American actress
• 1932 : Hansheiri Dahinden , Swiss politician and songwriter
• 1933 : Oskar Roth , German basketball and handball player
• 1935 : Rostom Abashidze , Soviet wrestler
• 1935 : Alexander Deichsel , German sociologist
• 1936 : Federico Luppi , Argentine film and theater actor
• 1936 : Siegfried Valentin , German athlete
• 1937 : Marc Bleuse , French composer and music teacher
• 1938 : Jiří Menzel , Czech director
• 1938 : Paul Morrissey , American film director
• 1938 : Diane Varsi , American actress
• 1938 : Wilson Simonal , Brazilian singer
• 1939 : Denis Arndt , American television and film actor
• 1940 : Peter Fonda , American actor and film director
• 1940 : Otto Kretschmer , German lawyer, politician, MdL, state minister
• 1940 : Werner Salevsky , German enduro athlete
• 1940 : Jackie Smith , American football player
• 1942 : Selim Bešlagić , Bosnian politician
• 1942 : Fernanda Seno , Portuguese poet
• 1943 : Manfred Carstens , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1943 : Gerd Höfer , German politician, Member of the Bundestag

Christian Schmidt (* 1943)

• 1943 : Christian Schmidt , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1943 : Uwe Zerbe , German actor
• 1944 : Dennis Aase , American automobile racing driver and racing team owner
• 1944 : Karin Achatz , Austrian politician
• 1944 : Bernard Cornwell , British writer
• 1944 : Florian Fricke , German electronic music pioneer
• 1944 : Gerhard Neukum , German planetary researcher
• 1944 : John Sandford , American writer
• 1944 : Johnny Winter , American blues guitarist
• 1945 : Robert Gray , Australian poet

Georg Milbradt (* 1945)

• 1945 : Georg Milbradt , German politician, Member of the State Parliament, State Minister, Prime Minister of the Free State of Saxony
• 1946 : Anatoly Andreevich Banischewski , Soviet football player
• 1946 : Peter Casagrande , German painter
• 1946 : Bodo H. Hauser , German journalist and moderator
• 1947 : Rodrigo Arocena , Uruguayan mathematician, university professor, journalist and publicist
• 1947 : Boris Georgievich Kuznetsov , Soviet boxer, Olympic champion
• 1948 : Steve Priest , British bassist ( The Sweet )
• 1949 : César Aira , Argentine writer and translator
• 1949 : Hans Hollenstein , Swiss politician
• 1950 : Jean-Herbert Austin , Haitian soccer player
• 1950 : Klaus Brasch , German actor
• 1950 : Michel Meynaud , French musician

1951-1975

• 1951 : Eddie Dibbs , American tennis player
• 1951 : Ed Jones , American football player
• 1951 : Minato Kawamura , Japanese literary and cultural scholar

Patricia Richardson (* 1951)

• 1951 : Patricia Richardson , American actress
• 1951 : Bertico Sosa , Dominican composer, arranger and pianist
• 1952 : Sören Åkeby , Swedish football coach
• 1952 : Peter Ammon , German diplomat
• 1952 : Brad Whitford , American musician
• 1952 : Stefan Winghart , German prehistoric archaeologist, monument conservator and state curator
• 1952 : Knud Wollenberger , German-speaking poet of Danish nationality
• 1953 : Satoru Nakajima , Japanese Formula 1 driver
• 1954 : Viktor Yushchenko , Ukrainian President
• 1954 : Hlib Lonchyna , American Bishop, Exarch of Great Britain
• 1954 : Tom Peyer , American comic book writer
• 1955 : Howard Jones , British musician
• 1955 : Guadalupe Pineda , Mexican singer
• 1955 : Flip Saunders , American basketball coach
• 1956 : Sam Auinger , Austrian composer and sound artist
• 1956 : Michael Angelo Batio , American rock guitarist

Reinhold Beckmann (* 1956)

• 1956 : Reinhold Beckmann , German television presenter and football commentator
• 1956 : Sabine Sauer , German television presenter and journalist
• 1957 : Andreas Schockenhoff , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1958 : Richie Arndt , German blues and rock musician
• 1958 : David Sylvian , British songwriter and singer, keyboardist and guitarist
• 1959 : Clayton Anderson , American astronaut
• 1959 : Giorgio Ascanelli , Italian engineer
• 1959 : Jürgen Friedl , German soccer player
• 1959 : Karin Wolff , German politician, MdL, Deputy State Minister Prime Minister
• 1960 : Kate Davis , American documentary filmmaker
• 1960 : Lutz Herkenrath , German actor
• 1960 : Gloria von Thurn und Taxis , German entrepreneur
• 1960 : Naruhito , Crown Prince of Japan, son of Tenno Akihito
• 1961 : Yohannes Haile-Selassie , Ethiopian paleoanthropologist

Andrea Sawatzki (* 1963)

• 1963 : Andrea Sawatzki , German actress
• 1963 : Radosław Sikorski , Polish politician and journalist
• 1964 : James Clark , British computer scientist
• 1964 : Peter Kox , Dutch racing car driver
• 1964 : John Norum , Swedish guitarist ( Europe )
• 1964 : Miroslava Ritskiavitchius , German handball player
• 1964 : Christian Tiemann , German beach volleyball player
• 1965 : Stephan Detjen , German journalist and chief correspondent for Deutschlandradio
• 1965 : Michael Dell , American entrepreneur, founder of the PC manufacturer Dell Inc.
• 1965 : Tim Mudde , Dutch right-wing extremist
• 1965 : Helena Suková , Czechoslovak tennis player
• 1967 : Norbert Pietralla , German nuclear physicist
• 1967 : Tetsuya Asano , Japanese soccer player and coach
• 1967 : Margit Auer , German journalist and writer
• 1967 : Chris Vrenna , American music producer, drummer, and sound engineer
• 1968 : Justin Bell , British racing car driver
• 1968 : Sonya Hartnett , Australian writer
• 1968 : Hiroki Katō , Japanese racing car driver
• 1969 : Michael Campbell , New Zealand golfer
• 1969 : Yūji Hirayama , Japanese speed and extreme climber

Maria Vassilakou (* 1969)

• 1969 : Maria Vassilakou , Austrian politician
• 1970 : Nathalie Arthaud , French politician
• 1970 : Marie-Josée Croze , Canadian actress
• 1970 : Nikola Lutz , German composer and saxophonist
• 1971 : Marco Arzilli , San Marinese politician
• 1971 : Edzard Hüneke , German singer ( Wise Guys )
• 1971 : André Stade , German pop singer
• 1972 : Ina Dietz , German journalist and TV presenter
• 1975 : Wilfred Kibet Kigen , Kenyan marathon runner

1976-2000

• 1976 : Kelly Macdonald , British actress
• 1976 : Víctor , Spanish football player
• 1977 : Ayhan Akman , Turkish soccer player
• 1977 : Kristina Šmigun-Vähi , Estonian cross-country skier
• 1977 : Ilona Teimurasowa , German concert pianist and music teacher
• 1978 : Mike Aigroz , Swiss triathlete and duathlete
• 1978 : Lars Klingbeil , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1978 : Dan Snyder , Canadian ice hockey player
• 1979 : Peninah Jerop Arusei , Kenyan long distance runner
• 1980 : Hannes Jón Jónsson , Icelandic handball player
• 1980 : Kim Kyung-roul , South Korean carom player
• 1981 : Gareth Barry , English soccer player

Jan Böhmermann (* 1981)

• 1981 : Jan Böhmermann , German satirist, radio and television presenter, author, producer, musician and journalist
• 1981 : Christian Schöne , German handball player
• 1983 : Ahmed Hossam , Egyptian soccer player
• 1983 : Aziz Ansari , American comedian and actor
• 1983 : Jens Baumbach , German handball player
• 1983 : Mirco Bergamasco , Italian rugby player
• 1983 : Emily Blunt , British actress
• 1983 : Simon Eder , Austrian biathlete
• 1984 : Cédric Makiadi , Congolese-German football player
• 1984 : Jeong Yu-mi , South Korean actress
• 1986 : Samwel Owikowitsch Aslanjan , Russian handball player
• 1986 : Bertrand Baguette , Belgian racing driver
• 1986 : Rahel Frey , Swiss automobile racing driver
• 1986 : Skylar Gray , American singer, songwriter, and music producer
• 1987 : Ab-Soul , American rapper
• 1987 : Theophilus London , American rapper and producer
• 1988 : Inga Stöckel , German field hockey player
• 1988 : Nicolás Gaitán , Argentine football player
• 1988 : Dennis Riemer , German soccer player
• 1989 : Ahmed Akaïchi , Tunisian football player
• 1989 : Haley Louise Jones , British actress
• 1989 : Ian McAndrew , Australian soccer player
• 1991 : Chris Wolf , German soccer player
• 1992 : Casemiro , Brazilian soccer player
• 1992 : Jaëla Probst , German actress

Dakota Fanning (* 1994)

• 1994 : Dakota Fanning , American actress
• 1994 : Rona Özkan , German actress
• 1995 : Maximilian Bauer , German soccer player
• 1996 : Niccolò Antonelli , Italian motorcycle racer
• 1996 : D'Angelo Russell , American basketball player
• 1996 : Marvin Spielmann , Swiss-Congolese football player
• 1997 : Benjamin Henrichs , German-Ghanaian soccer player
• 1998 : Tom Hoßbach , German actor

21st century

• 2012 : Estelle of Sweden , Swedish princess

Died

Before the 17th century

• 0715 : al-Walid I , Umayyad caliph in Damascus
• 0943 : Heribert II , son of Count Heribert I of Vermandois
• 1011 : Willigis , Archbishop of Mainz
• 1072 : Petrus Damiani , Italian Benedictine monk, bishop, doctor of the church
• 1074 : Rudolf IV. , Count of Valois, Crépy, Vitry, Amiens and Vexin
• 1165 : Heinrich II. Von Stühlingen , Bishop of Würzburg
• 1169 : Gerhard von Are , German provost
• 1171 : Otto von Cappenberg , German provost of the Cappenberg monastery, godfather of Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa
• 1216 : Geoffrey Fitz Geoffrey de Mandeville , Earl of Essex and Earl of Gloucester
• 1269 : Isabelle de France , French nobleman and founder of the Longchamp Humilité-Notre-Dame Poor Clare Abbey in the Rouvray forest
• 1299 : Raimondo della Torre , Bishop of Como and Patriarch of Aquileia
• 1335 : Gertrud von Ortenberg , Begine
• 1367 : Heinrich III. , Count von Fürstenberg
• 1442 : Johannes von Gmunden , Austrian humanist, mathematician and astronomer

Eugene IV († 1447)

• 1447 : Eugene IV , Pope
• 1447 : Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester , English nobleman and temporarily regent of England
• 1464 : Zhengtong , sixth Chinese emperor of the Ming dynasty
• 1473 : Arnold , Duke of Geldern
• 1476 : Pietro Mocenigo , 70th Doge of Venice
• 1507 : Gentile Bellini , Venetian painter
• 1512 : Sigismondo de 'Conti , Italian humanist, historian and papal secretary
• 1537 : Galeazzo Flavio Capella , Italian writer and statesman
• 1543 : Joseph Feyerabend , German lawyer and reformer, first Protestant monastery dean in Ansbach and first Protestant provost in Feuchtwangen
• 1554 : Henry Gray, 1st Duke of Suffolk , English nobleman and conspirator, father of Jane Gray

17th and 18th centuries

• 1603 : Andrea Cesalpino , Italian philosopher, botanist and physiologist
• 1616 : Matthia Ferrabosco , Italian composer
• 1632 : Giambattista Basile , Italian man of letters and writer, is considered Europe's first great storyteller
• 1653 : Georg Rodolf Weckherlin , German poet
• 1668 : Artus Quellinus I , Dutch sculptor
• 1669 : Lieuwe van Aitzema , Dutch historian, diplomat, bon vivant, ladyboy and spy
• 1685 : Emerich Sinelli , Capuchin and Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Vienna
• 1686 : Nikolaus Gülich , opponent of the Cologne city council
• 1701 : Christoph Kormart , German writer and translator
• 1701 : William Williams , English violinist and composer
• 1704 : Georg Muffat , German-French composer and organist
• 1709 : Paul Gottfried Sperling , German medic
• 1716 : Maria Anna von Thun and Hohenstein , Princess of Liechtenstein
• 1717 : Philipp Wilhelm von Boineburg , Reichsgraf, seventh Erfurt governor, rector
• 1717 : Magnus Stenbock , Swedish field marshal
• 1719 : Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg , German Protestant missionary

Anna Henriette of Pfalz-Simmern († 1723)

• 1723 : Anna Henriette von Pfalz-Simmern , titular Countess Palatine and Princess of Condè
• 1740 : Taco Hajo van den Honert , German Reformed theologian
• 1745 : Joseph Effner , German builder, garden architect, decorator
• 1746 : Johann Heinrich von Heucher , German scientist and personal physician to August the Strong
• 1747 : Johann Adolph Wedel , German medic
• 1753 : Willem Frans Cox , priest in the German order
• 1766 : Stanislaus I. Leszczyński , King of Poland and Duke of Lorraine
• 1792 : Joshua Reynolds , British painter, first chairman of the Royal Academy of Arts
• 1793 : Jacob Friedrich Isenflamm , German physician and university professor
• 1795 : Johann Siegfried Hufnagel , German pastor and entomologist
• 1797 : Gustav Ludwig von der Marwitz , Prussian general

19th century

1801 to 1850

• 1801 : Étienne d'Arnal , French clergyman, engineer and inventor
• 1801 : Jean-Henri Voulland , French politician
• 1809 : Dirk van der Aa , Dutch painter
• 1812 : Louis Malus , French physicist and mathematician
• 1817 : Bazyli Bohdanowicz , Polish composer
• 1817 : Gian Menico Cetti , Swiss translator
• 1820 : Alojzy Feliński , Polish writer

John Keats († 1821)

• 1821 : John Keats , British Romantic poet
• 1822 : Johann Matthäus Bechstein , German naturalist, forest scientist and ornithologist
• 1823 : Peter Anton Ulrich Piutti , Italian entrepreneur and businessman in Germany
• 1824 : Blasius Merrem , German professor of zoology and ornithology
• 1834 : Karl Ludwig von Knebel , German poet and translator
• 1834 : Ludwig Schellenberg , German bookseller, printer and publisher
• 1837 : Friedrich Ludwig Weidig , German Protestant theologian, educator, publicist and gymnastics pioneer, protagonist of the Vormärz
• 1839 : Michail Michailowitsch Speranski , Russian statesman and liberal reformer
• 1848 : John Quincy Adams , American politician, sixth President of the USA
• 1848 : Wilhelmine Reichard , Germany's first female balloonist

1851 to 1900

• 1851 : Joanna Baillie , British romantic poet
• 1854 : Wilhelm Pape , German classical philologist and lexicographer

Carl Friedrich Gauß († 1855)

• 1855 : Carl Friedrich Gauß , German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist and physicist
• 1859 : Zygmunt Krasiński , Polish poet and playwright
• 1867 : George Thomas Smart , English conductor, organist, violinist and composer
• 1868 : Adamo Tadolini , Italian sculptor
• 1873 : Lorenzo Arrazola García , Spanish jurist, politician and President of the Government
• 1878 : Friedrich Joseph Ark , German architect and construction officer
• 1879 : Josef Arnold the Elder , Austrian painter
• 1879 : Albrecht von Roon , Prussian general and minister
• 1880 : Fyodor Nikolajewitsch Glinka , Russian writer
• 1882 : Karl Christian Aubel , German portrait painter and professor
• 1884 : Jean Louis Borel , French general
• 1889 : Christian August Berkholz , German-Baltic clergyman and educator
• 1892 : Pasquale Lucchini , Swiss engineer and politician
• 1897 : Woldemar Bargiel , German composer
• 1897 : Julius Mankell , Swedish officer, politician and military historian
• 1900 : Franz von Jauner , Austrian actor and theater director
• 1900 : Otto Leichtenstern , German internist
• 1900 : Léon Nagant , Belgian weapons designer, manufacturer

20th century

1901-1926

• 1902 : Bernhard Maximilian Lersch , German doctor, balneologist and natural scientist

Friedrich Grützmacher († 1903)

• 1903 : Friedrich Grützmacher , German cellist and composer
• 1904 : Friederike Kempner , German writer
• 1905 : Viktor Weißhaupt , German painter
• 1906 : Maximilian Nitze , German urologist, inventor of the cystoscope
• 1907 : Leopold Auspitz , Austrian major general and writer
• 1908 : Svatopluk Čech , Czech journalist, writer and poet
• 1908 : Friedrich von Esmarch , German doctor, founder of the civil Samaritan system in Germany
• 1910 : Vera Fyodorovna Komissarshevskaya , Russian actress
• 1911 : Quanah Parker , Comanche chief
• 1913 : Julius Anton Adam , German genre and animal painter and lithographer
• 1915 : Hugo Gieseking , German mathematician

Gaston Darboux († 1917)

• 1917 : Gaston Darboux , French mathematician
• 1918 : Leopold von Auersperg , Austrian politician
• 1918 : Sophie Menter , German pianist
• 1921 : Otto Piper , German lawyer, local politician, art historian and castle researcher
• 1922 : Georg Anthes , German violinist, opera singer and theater director
• 1923 : Félix Fourdrain , French composer, organist and music teacher
• 1925 : Joel Hastings Metcalf , American astronomer

1926 to 1950

• 1929 : Mercédès Jellinek , Austrian namesake of the automobile brand Mercedes-Benz
• 1930 : Mabel Normand , American silent film actress
• 1930 : Horst Wessel , German SA storm leader, stylized martyr of the National Socialists, author of the Horst Wessel song
• 1931 : Mario Ancona , Italian singer and music teacher
• 1931 : Nellie Melba , Australian singer
• 1933 : Walter Troeltsch , German economist
• 1934 : Edward Elgar , British composer
• 1935 : Emma Adler , Austrian journalist and writer
• 1938 : Louis Müller-Unkel , German glass technician, manufacturer of hot cathode tubes, photo cells and X-ray tubes
• 1939 : Alexander Yegorov , military leader of the Red Army in the Russian Civil War and Marshal of the Soviet Union
• 1940 : Karl Duncker , German psychologist, exponent of Gestalt theory
• 1940 : Ichikawa Sadanji II , Japanese Kabuki actor
• 1942 : Robert Katscher , Austrian composer and lyricist

Stefan Zweig († 1942)

• 1942 : Stefan Zweig , Austrian writer
• 1944 : Leo Hendrik Baekeland , Belgian-American chemist and inventor
• 1945 : Rudolf Lange , German SS-Standartenführer, commander of the Security Police and the SD, mass murderer
• 1945 : Alexei Nikolajewitsch Tolstoy , Russian writer
• 1946 : Yamashita Tomoyuki , Japanese general
• 1948 : Fidus , German painter and illustrator
• 1948 : Arthur Grimm , German painter
• 1948 : Hermann Weber , German motorcycle designer and racing driver

1951-1975

• 1953 : Big Maceo Merriweather , American blues musician
• 1954 : Jacques Mieses , German-British chess player
• 1955 : Charles Laban Abernethy , American politician
• 1955 : Paul Claudel , French writer and diplomat
• 1959 : Pierre Frieden , Luxembourg politician and writer
• 1960 : Arthur Legat , Belgian racing car driver
• 1963 : Paul Rodemann , German journalist, publisher, member of the Weimar National Assembly
• 1965 : John Kitzmiller , American actor

Stan Laurel († 1965)

• 1965 : Stan Laurel , American comedian and actor
• 1968 : Emil Hirschfeld , German athlete
• 1968 : Fannie Hurst , American writer and journalist
• 1968 : Robert Thelen , German engineer, pilot and aviation pioneer
• 1969 : Saud ibn Abd al-Aziz , King of Saudi Arabia
• 1970 : Hildegard Fränzel , German actress
• 1973 : Dickinson Woodruff Richards , American internist
• 1974 : Hans Bernd Gisevius , German politician, civil servant and author
• 1974 : William F. Knowland , American politician
• 1974 : Harry Ruby , American screenwriter, composer and lyricist
• 1975 : Anton Arland , German crop scientist
• 1975 : Sigmund Haringer , German soccer player
• 1975 : Roger Hilton , British painter
• 1975 : Alejandro Tobar , Colombian composer and violinist

1976 to 2000

• 1976 : Lawrence Stephen Lowry , English artist
• 1976 : Pyotr Michailowitsch Stefanowski , Soviet test pilot
• 1978 : Paul Yoshigorō Taguchi , Archbishop of Osaka and Cardinal
• 1979 : WAC Bennett , Canadian politician
• 1979 : Werner Oswald , Swiss chemist and entrepreneur

Enrico Celio († 1980)

• 1980 : Enrico Celio , Swiss politician, Federal President, Vice-President
• 1981 : Robert L. Fish , American crime writer
• 1981 : Roy Newman , American country musician
• 1983 : William Harding Anderson , British ice hockey player
• 1983 : Herbert Howells , English composer
• 1984 : Uwe Johnson , German writer (Roman Anniversaries ), member of Group 47
• 1984 : Walter Jokisch , German actor
• 1986 : Joachim Dammer , German painter and graphic artist
• 1986 : Ernst Neufert , German architect, Bauhaus teacher, author of the building design theory
• 1986 : Mart Stam , Dutch architect and designer
• 1986 : Nino Taranto , Italian actor, comedian and singer
• 1987 : José Afonso , Portuguese singer and composer
• 1989 : Alfred Dallinger , Austrian politician
• 1989 : Hans Hellmut Kirst , German writer
• 1990 : James M. Gavin , American General, Ambassador to France
• 1991 : Argeliers León , Cuban musicologist and educator, folklorist and composer
• 1992 : Joseph Armone , American mobster
• 1994 : Csilla Freifrau von Boeselager , co-founder of the Hungarian Malteser Caritas service
• 1994 : Zbigniew Bieńkowski , Polish literary critic, essayist and translator
• 1994 : Emil Obermann , German journalist, author and television presenter

Sidney Robertson Cowell († 1995)

• 1995 : Sidney Robertson Cowell , American ethnographer and anthropologist
• 1995 : James Herriot , British veterinarian and writer
• 1996 : Joseph W. Barr , American politician
• 1996 : William Bonin , American serial killer ( The Freeway Killer )
• 1996 : Alan Dawson , American jazz drummer
• 1996 : Willy Hüttenrauch , German politician and diplomat in the GDR
• 1996 : Helmut Schön , German soccer coach and player
• 1997 : Abdelkader Ben Bouali , Algerian football player
• 1997 : Tony Williams , American jazz drummer
• 1999 : Heinrich Schmid , Swiss linguist and creator of the Romansh umbrella languages
• 2000 : Albrecht Goes , German writer and Protestant theologian
• 2000 : Ofra Haza , Israeli singer
• 2000 : Stanley Matthews , English soccer player, first European soccer player of the year

21st century

• 2001 : Sergio Mantovani , Italian racing car driver
• 2002 : Kurt Kauter , German writer
• 2003 : Schlomo Argov , Israeli diplomat

Robert K. Merton († 2003)

• 2003 : Robert K. Merton , American sociologist
• 2003 : Marcel Prawy , Austrian dramaturge and opera critic
• 2003 : Maria von Schmedes , Austrian singer and actress
• 2004 : Paul E. Affeldt , American author and music producer
• 2004 : Vijay Anand , Indian film director
• 2004 : Carl Anderson , American singer and actor
• 2004 : Neil Richard Ardley , English pianist and composer
• 2004 : Don Cornell , American singer
• 2004 : Bob Marshall , Australian world billiards champion, politician and businessman
• 2004 : Uwe Reimer , German author
• 2005 : Truck Branss , German radio and television director
• 2005 : Henk Zeevalking , Dutch politician and founder of the Democrats 66 party
• 2006 : Willy Potthoff , German reform pedagogue

Heinz Berggruen († 2007)

• 2006 : Zarra , Spanish soccer player
• 2007 : Heinz Berggruen , German gallery owner and art collector
• 2008 : Janez Drnovšek , Slovenian politician and statesman
• 2008 : Josep Palau i Fabre , Spanish writer and art critic
• 2010 : Marcel Becquart , French racing car driver
• 2010 : Wyn Morris , British conductor
• 2010 : Gerry Neef , German soccer player
• 2010 : Orlando Zapata , Cuban dissident
• 2010 : Klaus Zechiel-Eckes , German historian
• 2011 : Gustav Just , German journalist and politician
• 2012 : Charles Amer , British entrepreneur and Middlesbrough FC football club president
• 2013 : José Gustavo Angel Ramírez , Colombian Bishop
• 2014 : Alice Herz-Sommer , Israeli pianist
• 2016 : Ramón Castro Ruz , Cuban revolutionary
• 2016 : Peter Lustig , German television presenter and author
• 2017 : Sabine Oberhauser , Austrian politician
• 2017 : Jutta Winkelmann , German director and author
• 2018 : Lewis Gilbert , British film director
• 2018 : Óscar Julio Vian Morales , Guatemalan Archbishop
• 2019 : Franziska Pigulla , German actress, news and voice actress

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • St. Polycarp of Smyrna , Roman martyr and bishop (Anglican, Evangelical, Catholic, Orthodox, Armenian, Coptic)
  • St. Willigis , German builder, chancellor and bishop (Catholic)

• Name days
  • Romana

• State holidays and memorial days
  • Guyana : Declaration of the Republic (1966)
  • Russia and other parts of the former Soviet Union : Defender of the Fatherland Day

The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .

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Commons : February 23rd  - Collection of images, videos and audio files