Kilian Leib

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cover picture of the font "Luther's Bath and Mirror" from 1526

Kilian Leib (born February 23, 1471 in Ochsenfurt , † July 16, 1553 in Rebdorf ) was a humanistically oriented prior in the Augustinian Canons Abbey Rebdorf. He was familiar with Hebrew and was consulted by two bishops, including in religious discussions about the beginning of the Reformation .

Live and act

Leib joined the Augustinian Canons of Rebdorf in 1486 as a minor. From 1499 to 1503 he was prior of Schamhaupten Abbey and prior of Rebdorf from 1503 until his death. He traveled a lot and made frequent trips to Nuremberg.

Leib got involved in the dispute with the reformers and wrote several polemical writings. In 1530 he was involved in the creation of the Confutatio Augustana in Augsburg . In 1546 he accompanied the Bishop of Eichstätt Moritz von Hutten to the Regensburg Religious Discussion , from which he did not, however, expect anything. He drafted a long opening speech on behalf of his bishop.

Kilian's diaries (“diaries”) give an insight into contemporary humanism , in which he reports in detail on the table discussions in the prince-bishop's residence with Bishop Gabriel von Eyb and Caspar von Adelmannsfelden . These diaries range from 1503 to 1547. Leib repeatedly criticized Erasmus of Rotterdam's views (for example that Paul was married), especially in the area of ​​biblical textual criticism .

Leib was admired by contemporaries as a language expert ("doctissimus multarum linguarum"). He learned Greek and Hebrew and studied Aramaic (called "Chaldean" at that time); his diaries and letters say nothing about how he acquired this knowledge. He probably did it himself . He never studied at a university.

As the prior of the monastery, he was responsible for expanding the library holdings to include current topics in philosophy and the beginning Reformation.

Fonts

Several polemical writings deal with Martin Luther , such as The Heresies Causes, namely seven (completed in 1528) - this work was only printed posthumously in 1557, as was an advocacy of celibacy (De Caelibatu) . As a cause of Lutheranism, he suspected unfavorable star constellations, which God uses to punish people. The closing formula in his manuscript on the heresies following the indication of the time of completion and the name of the author is written in Hebrew.

Weather diary June 5, 1528

An important source for meteorology is his handwritten weather diary from 1513 to 1531 , probably motivated by the monastery's own agriculture. He recorded his observations daily in ephemeris (“how it thundered every day, or when it rained”); to the right of the indication of the position of the celestial bodies of the respective day, he noted the weather conditions, such as lightning strikes, hail, floods, cold snaps. He recorded the effects of the weather at the bottom and top of each page, in particular the development of the agriculturally important crops: sowing, flowering, harvesting, but also consequences such as rising prices.

literature

Web links

  • Digitized version of the Cgm 6551 of the Bavarian State Library with two writings by Leib against Luther

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fasbender: Leib, Kilian , 2009, Col. 33.
  2. ↑ Fasbender: Leib, Kilian , 2009, Col. 39.
  3. ^ Joseph Schlecht (ed.): Kilian Leibs Briefwechsel und Diarien (Reformation history studies and texts; 7), Aschendorff, Münster 1909, ISSN  0171-3469 .
  4. ↑ Fasbender: Leib, Kilian , 2009, Col. 40 f.
  5. ↑ Fasbender: Leib, Kilian , 2009, Col. 31 and 45.
  6. ^ Joanna-Maria Keller, Karl Heinz Keller: Kilian Leib as Hebraist . In: Bibliotheksforum Bayern 22, 1994, pp. 193-203.
  7. ↑ Martin Hille: Providentia Dei, Empire and Church. Worldview and mood profile of Christian chroniclers 1517–1618 (=  series of publications of the Historical Commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Volume 81 ). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-525-36074-3 , p. 262 ( digitized version [accessed January 29, 2014]).
  8. ↑ German : Kilian Leib, Prior von Rebdorf . Münster 1910, p. 75 f .
  9. ↑ Michael Langfeld: Kilian Leib and his Hebraica . In: Hermann Holzbauer (Ed.): Exhibitions in the University Library Eichstätt-Ingolstadt. Lectures at exhibition openings (= publications of the University Library Eichstätt; 25). Wiesbaden 2003, pp. 27-36.
  10. ↑ Karl Schottenloher: The Rebdorf Prior Kilian Leib and his weather diary from 1513–1531 . In: Contributions to Bavarian History, 1913, pp. 81–114, as well as Friedrich Klemm : About the meteorological observations of Prior Kilian Leib in the Augustinian Canons Rebdorf from April 22, 1513 to December 31, 1531 . In: Meteorologische Rundschau 20/3, 1967, pp. 72-77.
  11. ↑ Fasbender: Leib, Kilian , 2009, Col. 43.
personal data
SURNAME Leib, Kilian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prior and Humanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 23, 1471
PLACE OF BIRTH Ochsenfurt
DATE OF DEATH July 16, 1553
Place of death Rebdorf