Ochsenfurt

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Ochsenfurt
Ochsenfurt
Map of Germany, position of the city of Ochsenfurt highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 40 '  N , 10 ° 5'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Lower Franconia
County : Wurzburg
Height : 187 m above sea level NHN
Area : 63.57 km 2
Residents: 11,296 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 178 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 97199
Area code : 09331
License plate : WÜ , OCH
Community key : 09 6 79 170
LOCODE : DE OCF
City structure: 16 districts

City administration address : 		Hauptstrasse 42
97199 Ochsenfurt
Website : www.ochsenfurt.de
Mayor : Peter Juks (Independent Voting Association Ochsenfurt)
Location of the city of Ochsenfurt in the Würzburg district
Landkreis Main-Spessart Landkreis Schweinfurt Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Baden-Württemberg Irtenberger Wald Irtenberger Wald Guttenberger Wald Guttenberger Wald Gramschatzer Wald Würzburg Winterhausen Uettingen Sommerhausen Remlingen (Unterfranken) Reichenberg (Unterfranken) Altertheim Zell am Main Waldbüttelbrunn Waldbrunn (Unterfranken) Veitshöchheim Unterpleichfeld Leinach Thüngersheim Theilheim Tauberrettersheim Sonderhofen Rottendorf Röttingen Riedenheim Randersacker Prosselsheim Ochsenfurt Oberpleichfeld Eisenheim Neubrunn (Unterfranken) Margetshöchheim Kürnach Kleinrinderfeld Kist Kirchheim (Unterfranken) Holzkirchen (Unterfranken) Höchberg Hettstadt Helmstadt Hausen bei Würzburg Güntersleben Greußenheim Giebelstadt Geroldshausen Gerbrunn Gelchsheim Gaukönigshofen Frickenhausen am Main Estenfeld Erlabrunn Eisingen (Bayern) Eibelstadt Bütthard Bieberehren Bergtheim Aub Landkreis Ansbach Rimparmap
About this picture

Ochsenfurt is a city in the Lower Franconian district of Würzburg and is located in the southern Main Triangle . The historic old town has a largely preserved medieval fortification with numerous towers and city gates. Ochsenfurt used to belong to the cathedral chapter in Würzburg .

geography

Upper part of the Ochsenfurt blade, south of the blade gate

Geographical location

Ochsenfurt is part of the Würzburg district in Lower Franconia .

It is located with its old town on the left bank of the Main to the west at the southern tip of the Main Triangle , i.e. southeast of Würzburg and southwest of Kitzingen . The city also gives the Würzburg-Ochsenfurt Main Valley its name. The most important of the small main tributaries in its area is the Thierbach, which flows one kilometer down the Main from the old town from the left . Further brooks have cut into the slopes of the Main Valley Klingen . The city is surrounded by many vineyards and is the economic center of the fertile agricultural region of Ochsenfurt Gau .

City structure

Ochsenfurt old town: main street between Brückenstraße and Oberer Redersgasse

The city of Ochsenfurt comprises 16 districts (the type of settlement in brackets):

Ochsenfurt

Over 60% of the population live in the core city, which had 7141 inhabitants at the beginning of the year.

High City

Hohestadt is located southwest and near the city center at 275 m above sea level on the edge of the plateau above the valleys of Main and Thierbach. It has 599 inhabitants (January 2020). On July 1, 1971, Hohestadt was incorporated as one of the first surrounding villages.

In addition to the old town and the settlement with the flower names, the district has a not insignificant industrial area with the following companies, among others: Maschinenfabrik Kinkele, Kneipp GmbH, Herrhammer, Triltsch Druck and digital media.

There is also a kindergarten.

Tückelhausen

Tückelhausen is located southwest of Ochsenfurt am Thierbach and is inhabited by 295 people (January 2020). The place goes back to the monastery Tückelhausen of the Carthusian order . The church dates from the 18th century. With the secularization of 1803, the monastery was dissolved and the monks' cells were converted into apartments. The village still has a monastery-like structure and a Carthusian museum. On July 1, 1972, Tückelhausen became a district of Ochsenfurt.

Goßmannsdorf

Goßmannsdorf is located downstream from Ochsenfurt on the left bank of the Main and has a stop on the railway line. Since July 1, 1972, the village has been a district of Ochsenfurt. Goßmannsdorf has 1100 inhabitants (January 2020).

Darstadt

The westernmost district, Darstadt, has 202 inhabitants (January 2020), is at the level of the Ochsenfurter Gaus and is traversed by the Saarbach, which joins the Muckenbach on the eastern edge of the village to form the Schafbach, which flows into the Main at Goßmannsdorf. It has belonged to the city since January 1, 1972.

Hopferstadt

Hopferstadt is the southernmost district of Ochsenfurt and lies on the plateau of the Ochsenfurt Gau. It has 640 residents (January 2020). As the last village it was incorporated on May 1, 1978. The Middle Neolithic double circular moat system near Hopferstadt is one of the largest such systems in Germany.

Kleinochsenfurt

Kleinochsenfurt is located a little downstream from Ochsenfurt on the opposite bank of the Main. Until the 13th century it was not clearly separated from Ochsenfurt. On July 1, 1971, it was incorporated. The village borders directly on the city. 1132 inhabitants live in Kleinochsenfurt (January 2020). The sports club Kleinochsenfurt 1929/49 e. V.

Zeubelried

Zeubelried is located on the plateau of the Main Triangle north of Ochsenfurt and has 161 inhabitants (January 2020). It was incorporated on July 1, 1971. The Zeubelried “Linsenspitzer Festival”, which always takes place on the third weekend in August, is well known in the area. The organizer is the volunteer fire brigade and the band "Die Zeubelrieder", which is well known beyond the borders of the district. Several thousand people visit the village square on both days of the festival.

Erlach

Erlach is located 3 km north of Ochsenfurt on the plateau of the Maindreieck and is the northernmost district of Ochsenfurt. It has belonged to the city since July 1, 1972. Erlach has 346 inhabitants (January 2020).

Surname

View of Ochsenfurt (mid-20th century)

Ochsenfurt is one of at least seven places on the Main named after fords: Haßfurt , Schweinfurt , Ochsenfurt, Lengfurt (between Marktheidenfeld and Wertheim ), Kirschfurt (district of Collenberg ), Trennfurt (near Klingenberg ) and Frankfurt . And it is one of two ford places named after animals on this river. Oxford in England has the same name according to its etymology and meaning. Oxen used to be important both as draft animals and as meat suppliers.

history

View of Ochsenfurt (1623)

Until the 19th century

The first documentary mention took place in 725, when a monastery was founded in the city on behalf of Boniface . a. Thekla von Kitzingen was abbess. It is possible that there was a royal court in Ochsenfurt until the 11th century. The walls and towers date from the 14th century. Since then the city has been part of the Duchy of Würzburg , which also belonged to the Franconian Empire . Only with the construction of the bridge in 1512 did Ochsenfurt gain economic importance. In 1525 revolts broke out during the Peasant Wars. The new town hall was completed in 1497. The St. Andrew's Church was consecrated 1288th In Ochsenfurt there was a medieval leprosarium , which was probably founded in the 14th century

Ochsenfurt first fell to Bavaria in 1803 , then to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg in 1806 , with which it fell back to Bavaria in 1813 .

20th century

When the American troops approached during World War II , the Volkssturm secured the gates of the city fortifications with tree barriers. When the imminent departure of the district leader Stoll became known, numerous women moved to the district leadership on March 29, 1945 (Maundy Thursday), demanding the opening of the city gates and the surrender of the city without a fight. In the afternoon they cleared all the barricades at the bulwark , as the fortified gate on the Main bank was called, despite threatened shootings. First the children loosened the soil unnoticed, pulled stones out of the ground; then the women removed the stones with a human chain and picked out the loosened trunks with ropes; Finally, the men from Ochsenfurt supported the civil courage of the women with rifles. When the Nazi administration fled, they looted a storage warehouse in the basement of the NSDAP district leadership; several men defused stored bazookas. The central arch of the old Main Bridge was blown up on March 31, 1945 by a pioneer command of the Wehrmacht. The city was surrendered without a fight, so that the old town was not destroyed. The city was occupied by the Americans on Easter Sunday. The former mayor Peter Wesselowsky (SPD) dedicated a memorial at the bulwark to the brave women of Ochsenfurt .

On July 1, 1972, the district of Ochsenfurt was dissolved. Since then, the city has been part of the Würzburg district.

21st century

In 2014, the 9th Franconian Day took place in Ochsenfurt under the motto Franconia - this is where Main's heart beats .

Incorporations

On July 1, 1971, the previously independent communities of Hohestadt, Kleinochsenfurt and Zeubelried were incorporated. On January 1, 1972, Darstadt was added. Erlach, Goßmannsdorf am Main and Tückelhausen followed on July 1, 1972. Hopferstadt was last added on May 1, 1978.

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 20.3% of the population were Protestant , 59.9% Roman Catholic and 20.0% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The number of Protestants and Catholics has fallen since then. As of July 2019, Ochsenfurth had 12,340 inhabitants, 51.9% (6,399) Catholics, 17.7% (2,184) Protestants and 3,757 (30.4%) either had another religion or no religion at all.

politics

Local election 2020
Turnout: 62.13%
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
32.13%
22.79%
32.03%
13.05%
UWG-FW
New town hall with moon clock
Old town hall with pillory
Ochsenfurt manhole cover with coat of arms
Powder tower

City council

After the local elections on March 15, 2020 , the city council will be composed as follows:

Party / list CSU SPD UWG-FW GREEN
Seats 8th 5 8th 3

mayor

Peter Juks (UWG) has been the first mayor since 2014. He prevailed against Rainer Friedrich (CSU), who was in office from 2008 to 2014. In the election on March 15, 2020 , he received 47.88% of the votes from three applicants and was finally re-elected on March 29, 2020 in the runoff election with 56.38% of the votes.

Rainer Friedrich's predecessor was Peter Wesselowsky (SPD) from 1984 to 2008.

coat of arms

The coat of arms from the 13th century is first documented by a seal imprint from 1316. The description reads: “In silver a red castle with a wide central tower and two pointed crenellated towers, all with blue roofs; breaking out of the gate a black ox with gold armor ”.

Town twinning

economy

Jobs

According to official statistics, 4025 employees subject to social insurance were employed in the city in 2017. Since a total of 4706 people out of the resident population were in employment subject to compulsory insurance, the number of out-commuters was 681 higher than that of in-commuters. There were 209 unemployed.

Agriculture

In 2016 there were 111 farms.

tourism

The Main-Radweg , the Main-Tauber-Fränkische Rad-Achter and the Franconian Marienweg lead through Ochsenfurt.

traffic

With the port of Ochsenfurt , the city is connected to the European waterway network.

The Ochsenfurt train station is on the Treuchtlingen – Würzburg railway line (course book route 920), an important traffic axis in the Deutsche Bahn rail network. Regional trains run every hour, connecting Ochsenfurt with Treuchtlingen and the regional center of Würzburg every hour; In the afternoon there are almost every half hour between Würzburg and Marktbreit. The Gaubahn from Ochsenfurt via Gaukönigshofen and Röttingen to Weikersheim and the branch line to Creglingen were shut down and dismantled in the 1990s. Several bus routes run from here, particularly to the southern district of Würzburg. The city belongs to the Verkehrsverbund Mainfranken (VVM), so that all means of public transport can be used at uniform tariffs.

Ochsenfurt is connected to an important road axis in north-south and east-west directions via the nearby A 7 and A 3 motorways . The next junction of the A 7 is in Marktbreit , about eight kilometers away , and the A 3 is about twelve kilometers north in Eibelstadt . The federal highway 13 runs through Ochsenfurt.

Established businesses

Südzucker

Chimney of the Ochsenfurt sugar factory

Südzucker AG currently operates Germany’s third largest sugar factory in Ochsenfurt . The factory was built in 1953. Around 6,200 farmers from the area deliver around 1.5 million tons of sugar beet every year from mid-September to early January. (Status: January 2010) This factory also has a 115 meter high chimney.

On June 17, 2017, there was a major fire on the company premises with several million euros in damage. The fire of a noise protection wall that had been erected for several years as a "temporary solution" from bales of straw spread to the building and a conveyor tunnel.

Further

  • The world's largest manufacturer of machines for industrial candle production , Herrhammer , has its headquarters in the Hohestadt district.
  • The mechanical engineering company Kinkele is based in the Hohestadt district. As a supplier for mechanical engineering, apparatus construction, steel construction and conveyor technology, the company with around 500 employees had sales of 76.9 million euros in 2008.
  • In 1960, the architect Helmut Knaus founded the Knaus KG caravan company in Marktbreit, eight kilometers away. One of the best-selling Knaus models (“Südwind”) to date was produced in the production facility in Ochsenfurt, until 1970 when the entire production was relocated to Jandelsbrunn. The Knaus Center and the Knaus campsite remained from the caravan manufacturer, which now operates under the name Knaus Tabbert .

broadcast

Broadcasting facility for the distribution of the Radio Charivari radio program in Ochsenfurt

In Ochsenfurt there is a broadcasting facility for broadcasting Radio Charivari's radio program on 92.6 MHz with 50 W effective radiated power .

Educational institutions

  • Ten day-care centers with a total of 465 approved places and 401 children (March 1, 2018)
  • Primary school Ochsenfurt
  • Goßmannsdorf primary school
  • Middle school Ochsenfurt with secondary school leaving certificate, open and bound all-day school
  • Realschule at the Main Triangle
  • Ochsenfurt-Kitzingen vocational school
  • state vocational school for child care
  • state vocational school for home economics
  • VHS Volkshochschule Ochsenfurt
  • library

Buildings

St. Nikolaus von Riemenschneider in the parish church
Cathedral chapter palatium

Churches

  • Catholic
  • evangelical
    • Christ Church
    • Johanneskirche (Erlach)
  • Evangelical Free Church Congregation
  • New Apostolic Church
  • St. Melke Church (Syrian Orthodox)

Secular buildings

  • New town hall with moon clock on the lance tower
  • Old town hall with pillory
  • Cathedral chapter palatium
  • Castle, now a local museum
  • Kastenhof
  • Greisinghaus, now a costume museum

Museums

Traditional costumes Ochsenfurt (Kiliani Festival 2015)
  • Local history museum in the castle
  • Traditional costume museum in the Greisinghaus
  • Carthusian Museum (Tückelhausen Monastery)
  • Triassic Museum in the Kleinochsenfurt district
  • School Shop (School Museum)
  • Fire Brigade Museum
  • Nachlass Foto Knittel (Photo Museum)

City fortifications

A large part of the medieval city fortifications with the curtain wall, kennel wall and city moat are still preserved. This includes numerous towers and three of the original four city gates.

Western city wall with the red-painted blade gate
  • Lower gate with triple-secured gate bastion, "bulwark" , historical open-air forge and modern monument to the brave women of Ochsenfurt
  • Upper gate: claw stones from the former portcullis can still be seen on the massive tower
  • Klingentor: it was a prison and became a youth hostel
  • Pigeon tower at the lower gate
  • Thick tower and Nikolausturm on the palatium. The Nikolausturm shows clear traces of the Seven Years' War .
  • Powder Tower, formerly an ammunition store and prison; is used by the local scouts
  • Cent Tower

Main bridges

Old Main Bridge

Old Main Bridge (1939)
Old Main Bridge (2007)
Old Main Bridge (2014)

The stone pillars of the Old Main Bridge were built between 1200 and 1350. From 1512 to 1520 the wooden superstructure was replaced by stone arches. On March 31, 1945, the Wehrmacht blew up the middle arch.

In 1957, after removing two pillars, the old Main Bridge was restored with a concrete beam over the main opening in order to enable modern shipping. In September 2006 the structure was completely closed due to the risk of collapse, and in April 2007 the concrete girder was demolished. In the same year, the remaining demolition and subsequent new construction in a similar form was planned. After building research had shown the historical value of the building and placed the bridge on a par with the Old Main Bridge in Würzburg and the Stone Bridge in Regensburg, a general renovation was carried out. With funding from the Free State of Bavaria, grants from the Office for Monument Protection, the federal government and the city of Ochsenfurt, the bridge was rebuilt from 2010 and inaugurated with a central section made of prestressed concrete at the end of June 2012 . For pedestrians and cyclists, the tourist office set up a ferry connection below the bridge for the time of the reconstruction. After the bridge renovation was completed, the ferry Nixe , the resale of which was initially discussed, stayed in Ochsenfurt.

New Main Bridge

The New Main Bridge was built in 1954 to overpass Bundesstraße 13 . The steel bridge had to be demolished due to severe damage and replaced by a new construction. The plan approval process was initiated at the end of 2011 .

Goßmannsdorfer Main Bridge

At the end of December 2009 the Main Bridge Goßmannsdorf was opened to traffic. It connects the districts of Goßmannsdorf and Kleinochsenfurt and is part of the Goßmannsdorf bypass. It is also intended to cope with traffic during construction work on the other two bridges. It serves as a diversion for the B 13.

sons and daughters of the town

literature

Web links

Commons : Ochsenfurt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ochsenfurt  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Ochsenfurt. In: Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online. .
  3. ↑ City districts and residents on ochsenfurt.de , accessed on July 7, 2020
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 545 .
  5. ↑ Medieval leprosories in today's Bavaria. (No longer available online.) Gesellschaft für Leprakunde eV, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 . ;
  6. ^ Joachim Käppner: Second World War: Uprising of the women in Ochsenfurt. Retrieved April 1, 2020 .
  7. ^ Report on the end of the war near Ochsenfurt
  8. ^ Joachim Käppner The uprising of women , Süddeutsche Zeitung No. 74, 28./29. March 2020, p. 55
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 756 .
  10. ↑ Ochsenfurth Religion , 2011 census
  11. ↑ Citizens' Assembly City of Ochsenfurth Statistics 2019 , accessed on August 26, 2020
  12. ↑ Result of the 2020 city council election on March 15th, 2020 City of Ochsenfurt. Institute for Municipal Data Processing in Bavaria, March 15, 2020 .;
  13. ^ UWG-Ochsenfurt: website .
  14. ↑ Main-Post: Rainer Friedrich elected mayor in Ochsenfurt (March 16, 2008).
  15. ↑ UF / Wahl-2020-03-15 / 09679170 / html5 / Buergermeisterwahl Bayern 108 Gemeinde Stadt Ochsenfurt.html Mayoral election 2020
  16. ↑ Mayor's runoff election 2020 , accessed on July 6, 2020
  17. ↑ www.kreis-bruex.de: Federal Cross of Merit on Ribbon for Peter Wesselowsky .
  18. ↑ Rolf-Ulrich Kunze : Würzburg 1945-2004. Reconstruction, modern city. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2 (I: From the beginnings to the outbreak of the Peasant War. 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1465-4 ; II: From the Peasant War 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria 1814. 2004, ISBN 3 -8062-1477-8 ; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), Theiss, Stuttgart 2001–2007, Volume III (2007), Pp. 318-346 and 1292-1295; here: p. 333.
  19. ^ Chimney Südzucker-Werk Ochsenfurt. Emporis GmbH (English).;
  20. ↑ Major fire at Südzucker in Ochsenfurt - permanent temporary arrangement goes up in flames. inFranken.de GmbH & Co KG, June 19, 2017 .;
  21. ↑ FMSCAN database info. UKW / TV-Arbeitskreis eV, accessed on May 6, 2019 (English).
  22. ↑ December 21, 1861 in Ochsenfurt; † January 12, 1934 in Salzburg ; Gerhard Walterskirchen: Organs and Organ Builders in Salzburg from the Middle Ages to the Present . Dissertation University of Salzburg 1982, p. 182f.