Kitzingen

Kitzingen
Climate diagram
	Temperature in ° C , precipitation in mm
	Source: http://climate-data.org/

Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Kitzingen
Height :	205 m above sea level NHN
Area :	47 km 2
Residents:	21,940 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	467 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97318
Area code :	09321
License plate :	KT
Community key :	09 6 75 141
City structure:	10 districts
; City administration address :	Kaiserstraße 13/15 ; 97318 Kitzingen
Website :	www.kitzingen.info
Lord Mayor :	Stefan Güntner ( CSU )
Location of the city of Kitzingen in the district of Kitzingen

Old town with Alter Mainbrücke in the foreground

Kitzingen is a city in the northern Bavarian administrative district of Lower Franconia and, as a large district town, the seat of the district office in the district of the same name .

The historic wine trading city is located in the far west of the Nuremberg metropolitan region and in the south of the Main Franconia regiopole region . The Falterturm with its crooked spire, the Old Main Bridge and the German Carnival Museum, which opened in 1966, are located in Kitzingen .

geography

Geographical location

View of the old town on the Main

City view from the
Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke

Kitzingen is located in the northern Bavarian administrative district of Lower Franconia , on the banks of the Main in the Maindreieck and in the middle of the Franconian wine-growing region . The steep steps of the low mountain range of the Steigerwald begin within sight of the city in the east . The important university and government city of Würzburg is only 20 km to the northwest and the industrial city of Schweinfurt is 34 km to the north (as the crow flies).

geology

Kitzingen is located in the Franconian layered stepland on shell limestone soils.

Expansion of the urban area

The historic city center of Kitzingen lies west of the Main , the districts Etwashausen and Siedlung as well as most of the industrial areas lie to the east. In the north, the so-called monastery forest extends as one of the larger forests in the foreland of the Steigerwald and the Gültholz as a civil forest . Kitzingen is a bridge city and today has four road bridges and a railway bridge over the Main, which is extremely rare for a city of this size and reflects the importance of the city in terms of transport technology. The bridges from north to south: North Bridge, Old Main Bridge , Konrad-Adenauer Bridge, Railway Bridge, South Bridge. According to the Bavarian state development program, the city forms a middle center for the surrounding communities.

The urban area with all settlements measures about five kilometers from west to east and three kilometers from north to south.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Schwarzach am Main , Großlangheim , Rödelsee , Mainbernheim , Marktsteft , Sulzfeld am Main , Ochsenfurt , Biebelried , Buchbrunn , Mainstockheim , Albertshofen and Dettelbach .

City structure

Kitzingen is divided into ten districts:

As a result of the great lack of housing after the end of the Second World War , there was heavy building activity in the settlement district in the 1950s: for the numerous refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern areas, many new residential buildings were built there with the settlement school inaugurated in 1955, what a Defused the housing shortage.

Natural location

The city of Kitzingen and its districts are located in a total of four different natural areas. The core city and the towns on the Main are located in the low-precipitation Kitzinger Main Valley , which is part of the Middle Main Valley . The large forest areas in the northeast grow on the extensive Albertshofener drifting sand area in the Kitzinger Mainebene of the Steigerwald foreland . The Mainbernheim plain connects to the east . All western areas above the Main Valley, on the other hand, lie on the plateaus in the southern Main Triangle .

climate

Kitzingen is located in the Maingau climate zone, the driest area in Bavaria, which together with the shell limestone soils particularly favored viticulture and thus contributed to the prosperity of the city in the past.

The mean annual average temperature (1961–1990) is 9.2 ° C, the mean annual precipitation (1961–1990) is 590 mm. Most precipitation falls in June, least in February. In June there is almost twice as much precipitation as in February.

On July 5, 2015 and August 7, 2015, the DWD weather station in Kitzingen reached 40.3 ° C, the highest temperature recorded in Germany since the start of comprehensive weather recording in 1881. This record value was exceeded on July 24, 2019 in Geilenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia, with a temperature of 40.5 ° C.

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Kitzingen

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	2.2	4.3	9.5	14.5	19.1	22.4	24.1	23.7	20.2	14.2	7.3	3.5	O	13.8
Min. Temperature (° C)	−2.8	−2.1	0.5	4.1	8th	11.3	13	12.6	9.5	5.3	1.6	-1.2	O	5

Precipitation ( mm )	40	37	40	45	57	72	60	63	45	44	47	51	Σ	601

Source: http://climate-data.org/

Panoramic view of Kitzingen with the Old Main Bridge
View of the Etwashausen Main side with the Alter Mainbrücke and Kreuzkapelle

history

Founding history and beginnings

The history of the town of Kitzingen begins around 745 with the founding of a women's monastery by Hadeloga (or Adeloga or Hadla), according to legend, a daughter of the Frankish house merchant Karl Martell . When she was sitting on the terrace of her brother King Pippin III's palace one summer day . the younger (Pippin the Short) stood on the Schwanberg and looked into the Main Valley at her feet, she was so taken with the loveliness of the landscape that she decided to found a monastery. She surrendered her veil (according to other sources: her glove) to the wind that carried it west into the valley. She wanted to build the monastery where the veil fell. The shepherd fawn found the veil hanging from a vine on the western shore of the Main. There the monastery was built. It was named Kitzingen in honor of the shepherd . So much for the legend.

In the biography of the first Fulda abbot, Sturmius , in the vita sturmi under apud Kizinga monasterium, the year 748 is given as the earliest record of the Kitzingen monastery , with Hadeloga as his abbess. Presumably the monastery was consecrated by St. Boniface . It can be assumed that the monastery was built a few years earlier. The city of Kitzingen celebrates the year 745 as the founding year of the city and Hadeloga as the founder.

However, Hadeloga probably did not come from the Carolingian royal family . Her name cannot be found in any of the Carolingian ancestors' tables. And in 745 there was no palace or castle on the Schwanberg from which she could have thrown her veil. The (H) Adeloga or Adelheid, daughter of Pippin III., Given in Zedler's Great Universal Lexicon of 1732, can also be excluded as the founder of the monastery, since Adelheid was only born in 746. She was more likely the successor of the first abbess.

Today it is assumed that Hadeloga came from the influential noble family of the Mattons . The fact that the monastery had the rank of an imperial abbey underlines the importance of this family.

Development of the city in the high and late middle ages

City view of Kitzingen 1656 from the Topographia Franconiae by Matthäus Merian

In 1040 a settlement ("villa") around the monastery was mentioned for the first time. From the 11th to the 15th century, Kitzingen gradually developed into a town (the exact date of the granting of town charter is not known) and was gradually able to break away from its dependence on the monastery. The place changed hands several times (Counts of Hohenlohe , Hochstift Würzburg , Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach ).

On August 8, 1266, the feast day of St. Cyriakus , the so-called Cyriakus Battle took place in the south of Kitzingen between the city and Sulzfeld am Main. This was preceded by a conflict in the Würzburg cathedral chapter after the death of Bishop Iring von Reinstein-Homburg . A minority was close to the candidate Berthold von Henneberg , while the majority of the canons wanted to make Poppo von Trimberg the new bishop. Ultimately, the dispute was fought as a war.

The Battle of Cyriac in the Fries Chronicle of the 16th century

The Counts of Henneberg and their allies, the Counts of Castell , planned to cross the Main near Kitzingen on the morning of August 8th in order to be able to advance to the plateau near Repperndorf. The town of Kitzingen itself was in the hands of the Lords of Hohenlohe , who were on the side of the Würzburg family. So they crossed further south near Sulzfeld. Here the Würzburg citizens' troops awaited the Hennebergers and pushed them back. However, the battle did not decide the conflict in the cathedral chapter.

In 1280 Kitzingen was officially referred to as "oppidum", which means something like market town. In 1390 there was the first mention of a medieval leprosarium ("Sondersiechenhaus"), which was dedicated to St. Nicholas and which still existed in the 19th century. This was at the gates of Etwashausen, roughly where the eastern driveway of the Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke is today. Underground remains have been preserved as a ground monument.

In the 13th and 14th centuries, the city was first surrounded by a rectangular, tower-reinforced wall ring, the most striking relic of which is the market tower. This fortification also included the construction of a stone bridge over the Main, which was first mentioned in 1300 in a Hohenlohe document. In the 15th century, when the city had grown beyond this first fortification, it was surrounded with a second city wall with a total of 30 defense towers, this time in the shape of an equilateral triangle, with the main front forming the east side. The suburb of Etwashausen was also fortified in the course of this. A total of five gates allowed access to the city, of which the Faltertor (erected 1469–1496) with the Falterturm was the most complex. The city was to remain within this wall into the 19th century.

In 1482 the emissaries of the Franconian princes , the bishops of Würzburg and Bamberg , the elector Albrecht Achilles of Brandenburg and the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg met in Kitzingen . The aim was to put a stop to the widespread wine adulteration . The law passed on September 29 of the same year stipulated what could and could not be contained in wine . Violators were punished. If, for example, adulterated wine was discovered, the barrels were destroyed and a fine was imposed. The law, known as the Kitzingen Wine Law of 1482 or the 1st Franconian Wine Law, was valid from Lake Constance to Saxony and made Kitzingen widely known.

In 1487 the Catholic parish church of St. Johannes d. Anabaptist consecrated (date on the gallery and side entrance), although it was subordinate to the monastery, it was the town's civic church, which is also underlined by its location near the market square.

From the 16th to the early 20th century

Since 1443 the city was under the rule of the Franconian Hohenzollern , which was exercised from 1515 by Kasimir , Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach . The Kitzingen monastery also had rights in the city, including levying the bridge toll and providing the building and market police. Many citizens had to pay taxes to the monastery for houses, fields or vineyards. It also refused to allow citizens to build their own town hall . The aversion to the authorities increased over time and finally turned into hatred.

Hoping to improve their situation, the citizens joined the rebellious peasants in 1525. They supported the farmers with several flags and guns. In the city itself, the monastery was devastated. After the defeat of the Franconian peasants, Margrave Casimir, whose cruelty had earned him the sobriquet of bloodhound, brought a terrible judgment against the city. In today's Leidenhof he had 58 men who were considered ringleaders blinded and chased out of the city. Contemporaries already felt this act to be monstrous and is considered the most gruesome and bloody act of the entire peasant war. For this, the city had to pay 13,000 guilders as a fine, at that time a stifling amount of money.

As early as 1530, Kitzingen, which had been pledged in 1443 by the Prince Bishopric of Würzburg to the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach for 39,100 guilders, became Protestant when the Lutheran denomination was introduced throughout the margravate. This marked the beginning of a heyday for Kitzingen, especially in the field of education and schooling. The city's most famous son, Paul Eber , who was born in Faltergasse (today's Falterstrasse) in 1511 and later became the reformer , would eventually become one of the most influential figures of the Reformation. In 1544 the Benedictine convent, which had been hit by a devastating fire as early as 1487 and only poorly repaired, was dissolved by Margrave Georg Friedrich I and converted into a noble women's monastery. With the abolition of monastic privileges and the newly gained freedom of the urban settlement, the people of Kitzingen were now able to build their own town hall. 1561–1563 it was built in the Renaissance style .

Kitzingen in 1628 - detailed city view by Georg Martin from a bird's eye view. Inner and outer city walls are easy to see

In 1629 the pledge was redeemed by the Würzburg bishopric and thus re-catholicized ; Kitzingen's “Evangelical Century” ended abruptly. 1000 citizens and 20 city councilors who did not want to renounce Protestantism had to leave the city. During the Thirty Years' War , Kitzingen came under Swedish occupation between 1631 and 1634 briefly again under Protestant rule. There is evidence that King Gustav-Adolf of Sweden even spent one night in an existing house in the suburb of Etwashausen. In 1650, the denominational dispute was finally ended by the Würzburg prince-bishop Johann Philipp I von Schönborn by granting the returned Protestants from Kitzingen freedom of belief in a pardon. As a result, a Protestant community was soon able to re-establish itself. As a sign of the revival of monastic life in Kitzingen and as a symbol for the now dominant Catholic denomination, the Ursuline monastery in Kitzingen was built from 1695 to 1699 on the site of the now decayed Benedictine monastery with the associated monastery church. It was not until 1754 that the first Protestant parish church in Kitzingen could be consecrated with the Michaelskirche in Etwashausen. Around the same time, the Catholic Kreuzkapelle , like its Protestant counterpart, was built by Balthasar Neumann in 1741–1745 . With the construction of both churches in the immediate vicinity, a sign of balance between the denominations was set. During the French Revolutionary Wars from 1792 and the subsequent Napoleonic Wars, the city experienced numerous troop movements and was badly affected. Among other things, the Ursuline convent church served as a hospital for French soldiers.

In 1802, Kitzingen came to Bavaria for the first time and, after briefly belonging to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg, became Bavarian in 1814. In 1817, the Protestant community in Kitzingen exchanged the Michaelskirche in Etwashausen for the now secularized Ursuline convent church, which was owned by the Bavarian state. On October 19 of the same year it was consecrated as the new Protestant town church. From 1865 the city was connected to the railway network . The station was laid out southwest of the city center. In the course of the railway connection and the increased population growth at the end of the 19th century, the city walls in particular in the south and west were razed and a new district was created in the direction of Mühlberg. This Wilhelminian style district is still characterized in parts by typical houses of that time, even if there was some destruction here during the Second World War. In 1894 the Progymnasium, the predecessor of today's Armin-Knab-Gymnasium, was opened. A trade school had already been set up in 1871, which was converted into a secondary school in 1877. After the city had a rapidly growing Jewish community (including many wine dealers who promoted the importance of Kitzingen as a wine trading town), a new, representative synagogue (today's cultural center Old Synagogue) was built for Jewish places of worship of that time from 1882 to 1883 built in a typical neo- moorish style.

In 1902 the first city hospital went into operation. When a brine source was discovered at the beginning of the 20th century , plans grew to turn Kitzingen into a spa town. In the course of these considerations, the Prinzregent-Luitpold-Bad was created in Art Nouveau style, which today houses the city library. The beginning of the First World War finally ruined these plans.

First World War and the interwar period

Wine glass on the Kitzinger Porzellannotgeld from 1921

In 1917, one of the oldest airfields in Bavaria, Kitzingen, went into operation. In the economically difficult years of the post-war period and the early Weimar Republic , the city issued its own emergency money, the coins of which were made of porcelain due to the lack of material . From 1924, the new settlement district was built on the Etwashausen side of the Main along Reichsstrasse 8 in forms borrowed from the garden city and homeland security movement. In 1936 Kitzingen became a garrison town. Two years later, the New Main Bridge (Konrad-Adenauer Bridge since 1968) opened a third Main Bridge and the second road bridge. The city already had 14,460 inhabitants at this time.

National Socialism and World War II

In 1942 a Stuka school was set up on the military airfield .

25 Pfennig emergency money from 1921 designed by Heinz Schiestl

After they had to struggle with growing reprisals since the NSDAP came to power in 1933, which culminated in the destruction of the synagogue during the November pogroms in 1938 , a total of 76 Kitzingen Jews were abducted in 1942 . Most of them came to Izbica in what is now Poland, a transit camp for onward transport to the Belzec and Sobibor extermination camps . The entire Jewish community in Kitzingen was ultimately wiped out by the Holocaust.

Until the spring of 1945 the city had not suffered any destruction. On February 23, 1945, a sunny winter's day, around noon, a group of four-engined USAAF bombers approached the city from the east and began to bomb Kitzingen from an altitude of around 2,500 to 3,000 meters. The first formation was followed by a second, a total of around 180 aircraft, after about half an hour. An estimated 2,500 heavy explosive bombs were dropped. The attack took place as part of Operation Clarion , a series of air strikes on southern German highways and rail connections with the stated aim of disrupting or preventing the transfer of troops within southern Germany. In Kitzingen, Reichsstrasse 8 (now Bundesstrasse 8 ) and the Fürth – Würzburg railway crossed the Main .

The neo-Gothic Deusterturm - the only remaining remnant of Friedenstein Castle, which was destroyed in the bombing on February 23, 1945

The stated aim was to destroy the bridges and the station area. But none of the four Main bridges was hit and the damage on the station area was not so severe that after a few days the long-distance traffic could not roll again. In contrast, the city center and buildings near the train station were badly hit. 809 residential buildings with a total of 2020 apartments were destroyed, of which 206 buildings with 520 apartments in total, plus 30 public buildings, three industrial plants and 60 ancillary buildings. There was serious damage in the following streets in particular: Alte Poststrasse , Falterstrasse , Friedenstrasse , Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse , Güterhallstrasse , Herrnstrasse , Innere Sulzfelder Strasse , Krainberg , Neuer Weg , Ritterstrasse (Schwalbenhof) , Untere Bachgasse and Würzburger Strasse . Among other things, the high school for boys in today's rose garden was razed to the ground; it served as a hospital at that time . Friedenstein Castle, which was built in the historicizing style and belonged to the von Deuster family, was almost completely destroyed. Only the observation tower, also called Deusterturm, in the former castle park has been preserved. In addition, the Protestant town church and the neighboring church of the beneficiary hospital were badly damaged. Otherwise, the loss of some historic town houses such as the half-timbered row in Falterstraße, which was previously popular as a postcard motif, was particularly to be lamented. More than 700 people were killed in the attack, including all children and carers in a kindergarten. In the fourth grade of high school, two thirds of the 48 or so boys who attended classes that day were killed. The Luftwaffe barracks on the western edge of the city and the Kitzingen airfield east of the city were not bombed.

About four weeks later, on March 22nd, the airfield was attacked. Eight bomber formations with a total of 168 machines flew from the south. Due to the eastern location of the airfield, there was no damage in Kitzingen. The bombs destroyed the runway and only a few buildings were damaged. Only a few of the Bf 110 night fighters stationed at the airfield and the new Me 262 jet fighters were hit. Shortly before the American troops marched in, the four Main bridges, which had remained undamaged until then, were partially blown up by Wehrmacht soldiers. At the end of the war the degree of destruction of the city was 35%.

American soldiers finally occupied the city on April 6, without significant resistance. Immediately afterwards they moved into both barracks of the German Wehrmacht , which meant that Kitzingen would begin a period of more than six decades as a US garrison town. The Americans also took over the airfield.

Post-war period to the turn of the millennium

The post-war period in Kitzingen was characterized by the reconstruction of the city, mostly in the style of the time. Only the architecturally significant buildings such as the Evangelical City Church were rebuilt according to the old plans. The image of the historic old town is therefore today a mixture of historical building fabric alternating with post-war architecture, with the latter appearing flat in the west of the old town, otherwise being island-like. Due to the influx of numerous expellees from the former German eastern areas, which further exacerbated the housing shortage in the city, brisk construction activity began in the settlement district southeast of the historic center. The street names of this district also indicate the origin of most of its residents.

In 1955 the swimming pool was built on the Mondsee island in the Main. As part of the regulation of the Main and the construction of the Kitzinger barrage, which has since dammed the Main in the entire city area, a port area was laid out between 1957 and 1958. Three arches of the historic Old Main Bridge were sacrificed to shipping because they would have been too narrow for passages. A simple steel girder with a considerably larger span was inserted in its place.

In 1962 the new school center on Mühlberg with the Armin-Knab-Gymnasium was inaugurated. In 1972 Kitzingen lost its district freedom in the course of the Bavarian regional reform , but at the same time received the status of large district town in the considerably enlarged district of Kitzingen.

In 1983 a new pedestrian zone was set up in the area of Marktstrasse and the market square. In the following year city partnerships were concluded with the Italian city of Montevarchi and the southern French city of Prades , and in the same year the new district hospital (now Kitzinger Land Clinic) was opened. On New Year's Eve 1984/85, the roof of the town hall caught fire from a firework rocket, but the fire brigades from Kitzingen and the surrounding area were able to prevent major damage. In 1986 a ring of tangents began to surround the city in order to reduce traffic through the city center. It was the largest major infrastructure project in the city in the 20th century. The west bypass was completed in 1988, the south bypass with the new south bridge (the fourth Main Bridge at that time) in 1989. The bypass of Etwashausen, completed in 1993, functions as the east bypass, the north bypass, for which a fifth Main bridge had to be built, was not completed until much later.

The north bridge completed in 2000

In 1995 the city celebrated its 1250th anniversary, a year later the 500th anniversary of the completion of the butterfly tower was celebrated. In 2000, with the completion of the north bridge, which stands on the site of the Gerolzhöfer railway bridge that was destroyed in the Second World War, one last, still missing section of the tangent ring was closed.

Since the beginning of the 21st century

The new millennium brought a serious turning point for Kitzingen with the withdrawal of the US armed forces in 2006. In the following years, the difficult task of converting the freed-up areas - at least one third of the urban area - had to be mastered. An important step towards the realignment of the city took place with the staging of the 2011 Bavarian Regional Garden Show Nature in Kitzingen - Garden City on the River from May 27 to August 21, 2011. Due to the beautification and greening measures initiated by the garden show, Kitzingen convinced the judges of the German Federal Entente Florale Germany competition and won the gold medal. In the following year, Kitzingen was allowed to represent Germany together with the village of Sommerach at the European level in the Entente Florale Europe competition - both Franconian wine towns received a gold medal. In July 2015, the city's part-time weather station exceeded the previous German heat record at 40.3 ° C. The same daily maximum temperature was reached again in August. This record officially existed until July 24, 2019, when the new high of 40.5 ° C was set in Geilenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. Just one day later, this record was exceeded by more than two degrees in Lingen, Lower Saxony.

In 2017, the 12th Franconian Day took place in Kitzingen , combined with the Lower Franconian Culture Days under the common motto Culture Bridges.

Desolations and incorporations

The village of Schmalfeld was in what is now Kitzingen and was abandoned in the 16th century. On October 1, 1973, the previously independent municipality of Hoheim was incorporated. On January 1, 1975, Sickershausen was added. Repperndorf followed on January 1, 1978, Hohenfeld on May 1, 1978.

Population development

Population development of Kitzingen from 1802 to 2017 according to the adjacent tables. Red: City of Kitzingen without the city districts

City of Kitzingen with today's districts

year	Residents
1802	03,696
1840	06,957
1871	07,693
1900	10.092
1925	11,904
1939	16,034
1950	18,830
1961	20,025
1970	20,470
1987	18,999
2005	21,035
2006	20,860

year	Residents
2007	20,968
2008	20,836
2009	20,845
2010	20,705
2011	20,237
2012	20,405
2013	20,449
2014	20,474
2015	20,756
2016	20,892
2017	21,346

City of Kitzingen without the districts

1938: 14,460 inhabitants
1961: 17,784 inhabitants
1970: 17,880 inhabitants

Religions

Christianity

In the Middle Ages, Kitzingen was initially under the Benedictine monastery and, in terms of ecclesiastical law, belonged alternately to the Diocese of Bamberg and the Diocese of Würzburg , and later the Prince Diocese of Würzburg, which pledged the entire city to Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1443 . The Lutheran denomination was adopted as early as 1530 through the work of influential personalities such as Friedrich Bernbeck and Paul Eber and Kitzingen developed into a center of the Reformation at an early stage . The city experienced a boom in the field of education. When the pledge was redeemed in Kitzingen in 1629 by the Würzburg monastery, the “Protestant” century of Kitzingen ended and the Counter-Reformation came about, which was expressed above all in the establishment of new monasteries such as the Ursuline monastery or the Capuchin monastery. With the pardon contract of the Würzburg prince-bishop Johann Philipp von Schönborn , the Protestant denomination was again allowed to exercise its religion freely and a significant Protestant community soon developed again. The denominational division of Kitzingen resulting from this is still largely in place today. In 2011, 41.1% of the city's population declared themselves to be Evangelical Lutheran and 35.4% to be Roman Catholic.

Roman Catholic Church

Today, on the Catholic side, Kitzingen belongs to the Kitzingen Dean's Office of the Würzburg diocese . The following parishes exist in the urban area, which since the structural reform of the diocese have merged with other parishes in the surrounding area to form the parish community “St. Hedwig im Kitzinger Land ":

Parish of St. John the Baptist (core town and Etwashausen) with St. Laurentius branch (Repperndorf)
Parish of St. Vincent de Paul (settlement)
Parish of St. Georg (Hoheim)

Evangelical Lutheran Church

The Protestant Christians in Kitzingen are organized in the Evangelical Lutheran Dean's Office in Kitzingen of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria . There are the following parishes and parishes in the city:

Kitzingen, town church (core town) with St. Margarete mountain church (Hohenfeld)
Kitzingen, Friedenskirche (settlement)
Hohenfeld, Protestant parish church
Repperndorf, St. Laurentius
Sickershausen, St. Johannes

Other Christian communities

In addition, there are the following Christian communities in Kitzingen: the regional church community of Kitzingen, the Free Evangelical Community of Kitzingen, a New Apostolic Church and a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses .

Judaism

Up until the Nazi era there was an important Jewish community in Kitzingen. The synagogue , which is unusually representative for a city of this size , still bears witness to the city's Jewish history. During the Holocaust , the Jewish religious community in Kitzingen was almost wiped out, today there is still a small Jewish prayer room in the restored synagogue, but no longer a separate community.

Islam

A mosque is available to the Muslim citizens in Kitzingen-Etwashausen:

Association New Mosque for Kitzingen eV

politics

Kitzingen town hall with market tower

City council

Distribution of seats:

	SPD	CSU	GREEN	Etc ¹	FBW	KIK ²	ÖDP	ProKT	BP	AfD	total
2020	4th	8th	4th	2	4th	2	2	2	1	1	30 seats
2014	4th	8th	-	5	4th	3	3	2	1	-	30 seats
2008	5	8th	-	8th	4th	3	2	-	-	-	30 seats
2002	9	10	-	6th	2	2	1	-	-	-	30 seats

¹ Independent Social Voting Group e. V. ² Kitzingen municipal initiative

Local election 2014

Turnout: 48.92%

%

30th

20th

10

0

27.8%

17.9%

14.4%

11.5%

10.8%

10.5%

5.0%

2.2%

CSU

Etc

SPD

FW-FBW

ÖDP

KIK

ProKT

BP

mayor

Konrad Döppert (CSU, 1946–1948)
Richard Wildhagen (1948–1952)
Siegfried Wilke (1952–1958)
Oskar Klemmert (1958–1967)
Rudolf Schardt (SPD, 1967–1991)
Erwin Rumpel (CSU, 1991–1997)
Bernd Moser (SPD, 1997-2008)
Siegfried Müller (UsW, 2008–2020)
Stefan Güntner (CSU, since May 1, 2020)

coat of arms

Blazon : "In blue a continuous, top-tinned silver bridge with three pillars."

Founding of the coat of arms: Kitzingen is located at an important crossing over the Main, opposite a former royal court that was converted into an imperial abbey in the 8th century. Kitzingen is first mentioned as a city around 1300. The date of the city charter is not known. The oldest seal dates from the year 1349 and already shows the important bridge over the Main in the form of that time. All later seals and representations show the bridge in the respective view with modified structural forms, according to the architecture of the corresponding time. The colors silver and blue have been handed down since the 16th century. At times the colors were also swapped. They were officially established in 1839. In heraldic pictures of the 19th century, the bridge is also shown floating in the shield. Coats of arms since the 14th century, evidenced by the use of seals since 1349.

Town twinning

Kitzingen maintains partnerships with the following cities:

Italy Montevarchi , Italy, since 1984
France Prades , France, since 1984
Poland Trzebnica (Trebnitz), Poland, since 2009

Culture and sights

Kitzinger market square with town hall and Kiliansbrunnen in winter

Old town and market square

The historical center of the medieval old town with its distinctive, multi-towered silhouette, which is still well-preserved in large parts despite the destruction and changes, is the market square , a closed ensemble of monuments of business and town houses. The market square represents a spatial extension of the medieval main thoroughfare of Kitzingen, which is aimed at the Alte Mainbrücke . The so-called Poganietzhaus, a richly decorated Renaissance half-timbered house from the 16th century (Marktstrasse 26), has been preserved from the original gabled house development now houses the confectionery museum .

The marketplace by Dominating Renaissance - Hall of foreman Eckhart von Schaffhausen, which was completed in 1563, and the 39-meter-high market tower ., A former defense tower of the inner city wall from the 13th and 14th centuries, with a floor of 1546 that is later than municipal watchtower and now houses the central archive of the German Carnival. For several years now, the exposed quarry stone masonry of the market tower has been illuminated in red light every year during Advent and, due to its round shape and its tip illuminated with yellow light, is reminiscent of a large Advent candle. The former pillory can still be seen on the market tower above the shops around it from the early 19th century . The Kitzinger Elle in the form of a metal measure of length, which is attached to the corner of the town hall facing the square, is a reminder of the square's earlier function as the city's main market. At the southeast corner of the square is the market fountain from the 18th century, which bears a sandstone figure of the Franconian Apostle Kilian restored by Richard Rother and is therefore also known as the Kilians fountain .

Otherwise, the market square is determined by three to four-storey eaves side houses from the 18th century and historicist buildings adapted to them, whereby the house at Marktstrasse 21 with its baroque facade stands out. Overall, the market square still conveys the image of the “parlor” of a small town in Main Franconia.

Buildings

The butterfly tower in winter

One of the most important buildings in the city of Kitzingen is the Old Main Bridge , which connects the right-hand Main Town of Kitzingen with the left Main suburb of Etwashausen. The first construction of the bridge dates from the end of the 14th century. In the 18th century it had to be largely renewed after floods and ice. It was then rebuilt around 1955 to give shipping on the Main more space, while most of its historical substance was preserved. The Main Bridge has a stone sculpture by Richard Rother from 1925 with the inscription: "Don't forget our prisoners of war, displaced persons and missing persons".

The Falterturm , known for its crooked helmet , was built between 1469 and 1496 as part of the outer city fortifications of Kitzingen . A few remains of this weir system, originally comprising more than 30 towers, have survived, including a few wall sections, a total of nine towers, some of which are integrated into houses in the area of the main front. In Etwashausen, the last remaining of the five former city gates is the so-called Großlangheimer Tor. There are also remains of the older inner city fortifications, such as B. the market tower, but also a wall with three towers in the Kapuzinerstrasse.

Old synagogue on Landwehrplatz

The Old Synagogue , built in 1883, was destroyed by flames during the so-called Reichspogromnacht by SA men , which has been commemorated by a memorial plaque since 1967 . Stumbling blocks are reminiscent of the numerous Jewish citizens who were kidnapped and murdered during the Nazi era . After many years of misuse, the synagogue was extensively restored in the 1990s and today serves the population as a cultural space and concert hall. Since there is no longer a separate Jewish community in Kitzingen today, the small "synagogue in the synagogue", a Jewish prayer room set up on the ground floor of the building, is only used occasionally by the Jewish community in Würzburg.

Despite its importance as a center of the Franconian wine trade, Kitzingen was also an important brewing town in the 19th century. The historical cellars (the Deusterkeller ), which are related to the activities of the Kitzingen beer brewer Thomas Mann (1792–1872), are considered to be an early industrial cultural monument of this time : the huge cellar area served the large ones until Carl von Linde's refrigeration machine (1871) was invented Former Kitzinger beer breweries Bürgerbräu , Kleinschroth and Scheuertstuhl as storage and ice cellars for their export beers , which were sold all over the world. A large refrigeration compressor from the Kitzinger Maschinenfabrik Heinrich Huppmann , which ensured favorable storage temperatures for beer production in the Kitzinger brewery Bürgerbräu until the beginning of the 1950s , is now on display in front of the former Kitzinger City Museum.

Other buildings worth seeing in Kitzingen are:

District office (16th century) with old monastery cellar (one of the oldest wine cellars in Germany, laid out by the abbesses of the former Benedictine monastery)
Deusterturm (the garden tower of the former Friedenstein Castle of the Deuster family) (19th century)
Red sandstone column on Königsplatz (erected in 1883 in honor of King Ludwig II )
Remains of the former Leidenhofs (16th c.), In the country Count Casimir as a deterrent penalty 58 Kitzinger citizens of Brandenburg-Kulmbach to the peasant uprising in 1525 dazzle let
Luitpold-Bad from 1914
Old cemetery with portal construction (16th century) and grave monuments (18th / 19th century)
Houses at Landwehrstrasse 18, 20, 22 built by Balthasar Neumann as barracks for the Würzburg Army

Churches and monasteries

Evangelical town church

Interior view of the Evangelical City Church with the Steinmeyer organ

The Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in the old town was built in the 15th century as a late Gothic hall church in place of older predecessor buildings and is today one of the most important representatives of this building era in Northern Bavaria. Of particular art historical interest are the rich furnishings with works of art different centuries (including late Gothic sacraments , classical pulpit, modern high altar), especially the decoration of the portals in the north (representation of the Last Judgment ) and west ( Coronation of Mary ), a group of olives attributed to the Riemenschneiderschule on the south side of the former churchyard, as well as an unusual one Abundance of mask-like console heads .

→ Main article: St. Johannes (Kitzingen)

The Evangelical City Church is the largest Protestant church in Lower Franconia and stands in the old town on the site of the former Benedictine monastery, the nucleus of the city. The building by the well-known Italian Baroque architect Antonio Petrini was built as a monastery church in the 17th century and served as a hospital during the Napoleonic Wars . In 1817 the church was taken over by the Protestant community after being exchanged for the Michaelskirche in Etwashausen. Its 64-meter-high tower is the highest in the city and forms a defining dominant feature in the Kitzingen townscape.

→ Main article: Evangelical town church Kitzingen

The Catholic Kreuzkapelle, built by Balthasar Neumann between 1741 and 1745, is a late Baroque building on a cross-shaped floor plan with a central rotunda and stands at the eastern bridgehead of the Old Main Bridge in the Etwashausen district. Along with other Neumann designs, its floor plan adorned the back of the earlier 50 DM note from the last series.

→ Main article: Kreuzkapelle (Kitzingen)

The Catholic Capuchin Church of St. Mary of the Assumption and St. Francis Seraphikus in the southern old town has almost completely preserved Baroque furnishings from the 17th century. The altars and the large-format Stations of the Cross are particularly worth seeing. The former monastery church is now used by the Catholic parish of St. Johannes as a branch church.

→ Main article: Capuchin monastery Kitzingen

The Church of St. Vinzenz von Paul was created as a new Catholic parish church for the relatively young district of Siedlung. It was inaugurated in 1950 after only one year of construction and was designed by the then Würzburg cathedral master builder Hans Skull . It is a building that combines forms of homeland security architecture with expressionist and modern elements.

→ Main article: St. Vinzenz (Kitzingen)

As the second church in the settlement, the Evangelical Peace Church was completed in 1957 in the immediate vicinity of St. Vincent. Both churches had become necessary due to the large influx of refugees after the Second World War. This simply conceived sacred building in the style of post-war modernism with its brick masonry, which is very unusual for the region, and the choir glass window by the Munich artist Gerd Jähnke was consecrated in May 1957 and handed over to the community. Gerhard Saalfrank from Würzburg could be won as an architect.

→ Main article: Friedenskirche (Kitzingen)

Tower of the Catholic parish church St. Johannes
Gothic reticulated vault of St. John
Balthasar Neumann's late Kreuzkapelle in the Etwashausen district
Interior view of the Kreuzkapelle
Interior view of St. Vincent
Friedenskirche

Former or profane church buildings and their state of preservation:

Benefice building of the Beguines and former Church of the Holy Sepulcher (left) in Grabkirchgasse

Former Benedictine monastery with double-towered, Romanesque collegiate basilica, destroyed in the 16th century, today nothing superficially preserved, in its place is the Evangelical town church or the square of the twin cities
Former Kapuzinerkloster Kitzingen , 1630–1828, monastery building demolished in 1983 and replaced by a senior citizens' home
Former Catholic hospital church St. Elisabeth (16th to 19th centuries), today the main entrance of the district office, structurally still recognizable as a church
Former Church of the Holy Sepulcher (grave church, 16th century) and benefit building of the associated Beguine monastery, only the tower and remains integrated into the residential building have been preserved of the church, the monastery building now houses a paper theater
Former Church of Our Lady, first church in Etwashausen, demolished at the beginning of the 18th century due to dilapidation, in its place the Protestant Michael Church was later built by Balthasar Neumann, today a residential building without a tower

Village churches in the formerly independent districts:

Catholic Georgskirche (Hoheim)
Evangelical Church (Hohenfeld)
St. Margarete mountain church (Hohenfeld)
Evangelical Johanneskirche (Sickershausen)
Evangelical Laurentius Church (Repperndorf)
Catholic Laurentius Church (Repperndorf)

Architectural monuments

Museums

German Carnival Museum , Luitpoldstrasse 4

The German Carnival Museum, opened in 1966, is a non-profit foundation and official museum of the Association of German Carnival . It houses the largest specialist collections of its kind and makes Kitzingen a center of Carnival research in Germany. A fire protection report led to the closure of the Carnival collections in the Falterturm in 2011, and the German Carnival Museum was reopened at the end of 2013 in a converted baroque building on Luitpoldstrasse. From 2018 to 2019, the building complex was expanded to include another listed building and a new building and now includes, in addition to the Carnival Museum, the German Carnival Academy, a training center where prospective and professional carnivalists have a variety of offers for further training such as B. Seminars or consultations are available. Among other things, the newly created event hall offers the opportunity to rehearse performances.

The municipal museum with city archive in the Alten Kastenhof presented numerous exhibits on the city, economic and cultural history of Kitzingen until 2018. One department dealt with archeology and the history of settlements in the district. A historical pharmacy and documentation on Johann Rudolph Glauber were located on the upper floor . The museum has been closed since 2018 and is due to be wound up in accordance with a city council resolution from June 2020.

Other museums in the city include:

the confectionery museum
the ornithological exhibition in the Deusterturm
the Frankenstudio in Sickershausen
the Officina Historica - historical printing workshop in Sickershausen

carnival

The active carnivalists are organized in the Kitzinger Carnival Society (KIKAG). The annual award of the Schlappmaulordens to people or institutions with a “very relaxed tongue” is of greater regional importance . Well-known winners of the KIKAG order include Gregor Gysi , Helmut Kohl , Jürgen Möllemann , Gabriele Pauli , Günther Beckstein and Claudia Roth .

Church music

Kitzingen is a regional church music center with numerous events that are spread over the whole year: The Paul-Eber-Kantorei of the Protestant town church is dedicated to the large-format oratorical works of music literature, the church music offer at the Catholic parish church of St. Johannes with its Vleugels - Organ , the chamber choir and the St. Johannes Kantorei, on the other hand, focus on organ music and a cappella choral music at the center of their programs.

Music, music education and painting

Since 2014 there has been a new musical and cultural center, the Villa Paganini in Kitzinger Moltkestrasse, operated by the internationally known violinist Florian Meierott . In addition to a violin school and a picture gallery with pictures of the musician, various concert series, readings and an international violin competition take place here.

theatre

Miniature art stage “Papiertheater Kitzingen” in the former Beguine monastery of the grave church
Häckerbühne Stadt Kitzingen e. V. (Kitzinger Theater)
Cheeky-Fromm-Franconian

movie theater

Artistic cinema Roxy am Rosenberg (reopened in February 2019 after 12 years)

Park on Etwashauser Mainufer

Parks

Former site of the Small Bavarian State Garden Show (2011) on the banks of the Main in the Etwashausen district
Rose garden south of the butterfly tower

Sports

Soccer

Football Association Bayern Kitzingen 1911 eV
Siedler-Sport-Verein 1949 eV
Football club Rot-Weiß Kitzingen eV
Football club Ülkemspor Kitzingen
TSV Hohenfeld 1911 eV
TSV Jahn Repperndorf eV
Sports club Sickershausen 1913 eV

Other sports associations

Royally privileged shooting society from 1408 Kitzingen
Turngemeinde Kitzingen 1848 eV (with departments for: Aikido, handball, running, athletics, cycling, swimming, tennis, gymnastics and volleyball)
Luftsportclub Kitzingen eV (oldest air sports club in Bavaria)
Kitzinger rowing club from 1897 eV
Kraftsportverein Kitzingen 1894/96 eV
Golf Club Kitzingen eV
Chess Club Kitzingen 05
Sail and Sport Boat Club Kitzingen eV
Kitzinger Tanzclub eV

Regular events

Etwashäuser Kirchweih ( Ebshäuser Kerm ), annually in October to commemorate the consecration of the Kreuzkapelle
Kitzinger city festival
District carnival parade (every three years alternating with Dettelbach and Volkach)
Neighborhood festival
Promenade Wine Festival
World Press Photo in the town hall (every year from February to March)

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

River cruise ship on Mainkai

Kitzingen is located at the Biebelried motorway junction (about six kilometers away) with a connection to the federal motorway 3 ( Frankfurt am Main - Nuremberg , exit Rottendorf or Kitzingen / Schwarzach ) and the A 7 ( Kempten - Ulm - Kassel - Hamburg , exit Kitzingen) the federal highway 8 leads through the urban area. State road 2271 is an important local transport connection in the Kitzingen district .

The Fürth – Würzburg railway also runs through Kitzingen. The Kitzingen – Schweinfurt railway line was detached from the main line when the Main Bridge was blown up in 1945. It existed since 1945 as a branch line from Schweinfurt and was shut down in sections. Today (2020) there is a controversial argument about reactivating the railway line, with different concepts circulating.

The Franconian Marienweg runs through Kitzingen .

At the ports of Kitzingen, there is a connection to the river systems of the Rhine and Danube for shipping via the Main federal waterway .

Until the second half of the 20th century there was a ferry connection between Hohenfeld and Kitzingen across the Main. Initially the rulers of the village held the ferry rights before the ferry came into the hands of a private individual in 1714. At the beginning of the 20th century it was decided to equip the ferry with a yaw rope. The expansion of the Main to a large shipping route in the 1950s led to the end of the ferry.

Since autumn 2006, the entire district of Kitzingen has been completely in the area of the Verkehrsverbund Mainfranken and, since 2016, also in the VGN ( Verkehrsverbund Greater Nuremberg , Line R1). There are regional connections to Nuremberg and Würzburg every 60 minutes. During the peak hours there are trips to Würzburg every 30 minutes.

Main article: Local transport in the Kitzingen district

economy

The business location Kitzingen is characterized by its convenient location in the center of Germany - Kitzingen is at the crossroads of important north-south and east-west connections: the BAB 7 crosses the BAB 3 . In Würzburg, 20 kilometers away, the express line to Hanover meets the Nuremberg - Frankfurt am Main railway line . In addition, the city has a transshipment port on the Rhine-Main-Danube shipping route. Kitzingen is known on the one hand as a significant, historically grown Franconian wine trading town - the regional winegrowers' cooperative Franconia (GWF) located just outside Kitzingen , today trading as the Winzergemeinschaft Franken , today with its 2600 members produces around 12 million liters of wine every year - on the other hand, the district is Etwashausen is an important north Bavarian producer center for horticulture. The city is the seat of VR Bank Kitzingen .

Viticulture

Today Kitzingen is a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . A total of three vineyards exist around the city, the wine has been marketed under the names Eherieder Berg, Eselsberg and Wilhelmsberg since the 1970s, with many of the vineyards having existed since the Middle Ages. At the same time, the city is the leading community of the large Kitzinger Hofrat. Kitzingen is part of the region Main south until 2017, the wineries in area were Maindreieck summarized. The shell limestone soils with admixtures of clay around Kitzingen are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

The people around Kitzingen have been viticulture since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In a land register of the Kitzingen monastery from the middle of the 11th century, seven local winegrowers were mentioned. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main.

Kitzingen was quickly upgraded to the central market for wine due to its location and fortification by the people of the area. On market days , the Benedictine nuns of the monastery collected the so-called wine tithes from the traders, so that the wine trade quickly became an economic factor in Kitzingen. The viticulture around the city was far less important and was mostly operated for personal use. In 1482, the Franconian Purity Law for wine, which was only valid for a short time, was drawn up in the city.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The wine trade was preserved and in the second half of the 19th century, mostly Jewish families in Kitzingen rose through the trade. The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.

With its 70.9 hectares of vineyards in 2017, Kitzingen is now 27th in the ranking of Franconian wine towns. Viticulture is also practiced in the districts of Hoheim, Repperndorf and Sickershausen. For more than 60 years, the city-based wineries have been hosting the so-called Promenade Wine Festival along the Main at the end of June .

Vineyard	Size 1993	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Rather low mountain	25 ha	South, west	10-30%	Müller-Thurgau , Silvaner	Kitzinger Hofrat , free of large areas
Eselsberg	4.5 ha	southwest	45%	Silvaner , Kerner	Kitzinger Councilor
Wilhelmsberg	4.5 ha	southwest	15-25%	Silvaner , Müller-Thurgau	Kitzinger Councilor

Industry and large companies

Among the industrial companies in Kitzingen, three companies deserve special mention: GEA Brewery Systems (part of the GEA Group since 2006 ) plans and builds complete breweries for all major brewery groups worldwide. The two automotive suppliers , FS Fehrer Automotive and Franken Guss , together employ around 1700 people. Until the mid-1990s, the Nuremberg wire and cable manufacturer Leoni had a production facility with over 1000 employees in Kitzingen, which was completely outsourced to Eastern Europe; the development department still exists.

Due to the convenient location, Deutsche Post AG built one of its 33 parcel centers nationwide in Kitzingen. The food brand discounter Netto in Kitzingen maintains a large distribution warehouse to supply its numerous branches . The Seiler grand pianos and pianos have been manufactured in Kitzingen since 1961. The products of this once Silesian traditional company enjoy an excellent reputation with many musicians and pianists from all over the world. In 2008 the company was taken over by the globally operating Korean corporation Samick .

US armed forces

With the invasion and occupation of the Kitzingen Wehrmacht barracks and the air base by the US Army in April 1945, Kitzingen began 61 years as a large American garrison town. The presence of up to 10,000 US citizens during this significant period of time had an extremely far-reaching economic, social and cultural impact on the city and the surrounding area.

The complete withdrawal of the US Army from Kitzingen in 2006 and the associated burdens posed a daunting challenge for the city. The resolution of the areas used for military purposes, the large barracks Harvey and Larson Barracks , the military airfield and American settlement area Marshall Heights with a total of around 3,500 soldiers and as many partners and children, deprived the city of numerous jobs as well as enormous purchasing power in many areas of the economy such as taxi trade, gastronomy and real estate.

The space available in the barracks and the housing estates is also seen as an opportunity for the further development of the city. The conversion was based on the example of the nearby, former garrison town of Fürth . A first step towards a successful conversion of the three conversion areas was the sale of the 52 hectare area of the Larson barracks to the investor Innopark-Kitzingen GmbH in October 2010, in whose hands the administration and management of the entire facility will be in the future. A modern start-up center for innovative manufacturing companies from future industries is to be created, thereby creating numerous new jobs.

tourism

With its sights, its extensive cultural and gastronomic offer and the numerous events spread over the year, Kitzingen is a popular destination for day visitors and tourists. In order to further strengthen tourism in the entire region, the hospitable five were founded, to which, in addition to Kitzingen, the neighboring cities of Dettelbach , Gerolzhofen , Iphofen and Volkach belong. In the city there is an offer of approx. 300 guest beds in accommodation establishments with nine or more guest beds (as of 2015). In 2015, the city recorded 22,600 guest arrivals and 40,213 overnight stays.

The jetty on the Mainkai, where river cruise ships regularly moor, plays an important role for tourism in Kitzingen.

The city's tourist information office is currently located in a historic house on the bridgehead of the Old Main Bridge on the old town side.

education

Vocational high school in Kitzingen at the Mühlberg school center, where the Armin-Knab-Gymnasium is also located

As a school town, Kitzingen has numerous schools of all school types. These are in detail:

Elementary schools
- St. Hedwig primary school in Kitzingen, named after Saint Hedwig von Andechs
- Kitzingen-Siedlung elementary school
Secondary schools
- D.-Paul-Eber-Mittelschule-Volksschule Kitzingen, named after the reformer Paul Eber
- Kitzingen-Siedlung elementary school
Special schools
- Erich Kästner School, special educational support center, named after the writer Erich Kästner
- St. Martin School, named after Saint Martin of Tours
High schools
- Armin-Knab-Gymnasium , named after the composer Armin Knab
Realschulen

The Kitzinger Luitpoldbad, today adult education center and city library
- State Realschule Kitzingen, formerly Richard Rother Realschule. The former name of the school was dropped in July 2015 due to the adoption of National Socialist ideologies in some of the artist's works.
Vocational schools within the framework of the State Vocational School Center Kitzingen-Ochsenfurt
- Vocational high school
- State Kitzingen-Ochsenfurt vocational school
- Friedrich-Bernbeck-Wirtschaftsschule Kitzingen, named after the former mayor of Kitzingen, Friedrich Bernbeck
Adult education center in Luitpold-Bad

Personalities

Persons connected with Kitzingen

Hadeloga von Kitzingen († 750), first, legendary abbess of the Benedictine monastery in Kitzingen

Thekla von Kitzingen (unknown – around 790), abbess in the 8th century, saint

Hedwig von Andechs (1174–1243), saint , Duchess of Silesia, was raised as a child in the Benedictine monastery in Kitzingen

Elisabeth of Thuringia (1207–1231), saint , patroness of Thuringia and Hesse, was raised as a child in the Benedictine convent in Kitzingen

Ladislaus Sunthaym (around 1440–1512 / 1513), humanist, historian and geographer, author of the first description of the town of Kitzingen around 1500

Johann Rudolph Glauber (1604–1670), pharmacist and chemist, one of the pioneers of modern chemistry, founder of the Löwenapotheke in Kitzingen

Johann Adam Brandenstein (1657–1726), organ builder, lived in Kitzingen for several years and died in the city

Reiner Wirl († 1763), sculptor, lived in Kitzingen since 1738, died in the city

Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776–1858), botanist and natural philosopher, lived and researched in Sickershausen for many years

Carl Otto Deuster (1800–1877), landowner and politician, Deuster was one of the richest wine merchants in the city

Ernst Friedrich Berger (1814–1853), botanist, founded and ran a plant exchange and sales establishment in Sickershausen from 1847 onwards

Carl Oskar von Deuster (1835–1904), landowner and politician, Deuster appeared as a founder for the city and was considered one of the richest residents of the city

Armin Knab (1881–1951), German composer , musician and lawyer

Bella Fromm (1890–1972), journalist and writer

Ernst Unbehauen (1899–1980), painter, lived after 1945 temporarily in Wiesentheid and Kitzingen

Honorary citizen

The order corresponds to the date of appointment:

1837: Karl Anton Axt, mayor from 1845 to 1850
1837: Karl Friedrich Ulrich, Mayor from January 1839 to January 1845, town clerk
1837: Albert Welz, Mayor from July 1818 to June 1827
1840: Friedrich Anton Reuss, doctor of medicine and medicine, associate professor for Old German in Würzburg
1841: Joseph Feller, district judge in Kitzingen
1841: Joachim Albert Lotz, royal rent officer
1862: Anton Ruland, chaplain in Kitzingen, librarian at the Univ. Würzburg, from 1837 city pastor in Arnstein until 1850, since 1850 senior librarian at the royal university in Würzburg. Member of the Landtag in Munich from 1858 until his death in 1874.
1883: Michael Henke, district doctor in Kitzingen from 1862
1895: Prince Otto von Bismarck , Chancellor of the German Empire
1906: Ferdinand Sertorius, mayor from 1882 to 1907
1906: Friedrich von Deuster, district administrator and for many years (until 1908) chairman of the community college
1924: Wilhelm Schuster, head of the city hospital from 1881 to 1927, royal. Councilor
1927: Paul von Hindenburg , President of the Weimar Republic
1961: Siegfried Wilke, mayor from 1930 to 1945
1991: Rudolf Schardt, Mayor from 1967 to 1991
1994: Massimo Gregorini, acting mayor of Kitzingen's twin town Montevarchi until 1993
2002: Hans-Joachim Schumacher, from 1952 to 1985 President of the Kitzinger Carnival Society, which he co-founded, member of the board of the Bund Deutscher Karneval, for a long time head of the German Carnival Museum

sons and daughters of the town

Paul Eber on his epitaph in the Wittenberg Marienkirche by Lucas Cranach the Elder. J.

Konrad Stürtzel (≈1435–1509), under Maximilian I. Court Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
Friedrich Bernbeck (1511–1570), mayor and designer of the Reformation in Kitzingen
Paul Eber (1511–1569), theologian , from 1560 regional bishop of the Electorate of Saxony, hymn poet and reformer
Mathias Tinctorius (before 1600–1632), notary and judge, was executed in a witch trial in Hüfingen .
Georg Besserer (1544–1604), Protestant theologian
Johann Michael Fehr (1610–1688), doctor and founding member of the Leopoldina (Academy of Natural Scientists)
Johann Konrad Brandenstein (1695–1757), organ builder
Johann Kaspar Barthel (1697–1771), important Catholic canon lawyer and university professor
Friedrich von Greis (1779–1847), Bavarian major general
Johann Georg Bausback (1780–1851), lawyer
Franz von Soden (1790–1869), lieutenant colonel and historian
Michael Friedrich Reinhard (1793–1867), businessman and member of the state parliament
Friedrich Spiegel (1820–1905), orientalist
Paul von Braun (1820-1892), royal bay. Minister of State, Councilor and President of the Palatinate Government
Friedrich Christian von Deuster (1861–1945), landowner and politician
Olga Pöhlmann (1880–1969), editor and author
Albert Klein (1881–1962), entrepreneur, councilor of commerce
Erwin Poeschel (1884–1965), art historian
Margarethe Steinhäuser (1874–1955), politician (SPD), member of the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse
Wolf Meyer-Erlach (1891–1982), Protestant theologian , university professor and university rector of the German Christians
Otto Basler (1892–1975), Germanist, folklorist, linguist
Hanns Rupp (1898–1971), writer and teacher
Hans Hörner (1900–1960), gardener and politician
Rosmarie Waldrop b. Sebald (* 1935), German-American poet, translator and publisher
Michael A. Roth (* 1935), entrepreneur and former football functionary
Ulf Hoelscher (* 1942), violinist and violin teacher
Wolfgang Oschmann (* 1954), paleontologist
Hans Roland Dürr (* 1964), doctor and university professor
Ute Baum (* 1970), opera singer (soprano)

literature

Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
Klaus Arnold: 1250 years of Kitzingen. From the shadow of the monastery to the city on the Main (= writings of the Kitzingen City Archives, Volume 5). Kitzingen 1996, ISBN 3-921327-26-1 .
Klaus Arnold: The Kitzingen Purity Law for wine from 1482 . In: Under the spell of the Schwanberg. Yearbook for the district of Kitzingen 2009 . Kitzingen 2009. pp. 99-112.
Klaus Arnold: Large district town of Kitzingen . In: District Administrator and District Council of the District of Kitzingen (ed.): District of Kitzingen . Münsterschwarzach 1984. pp. 517-527.
Klaus Arnold, Hans Bauer, Herbert Baumann, Dieter Böhn, Gerhard Rechter, Dirk Rosenstock, Erwin Rumpel, Christoph Schmerl, Erich Schneider, Helga Walter: 1250 years of Kitzingen am Main - "apud Kizinga monasterium" (writings from the Kitzingen City Archives, Volume 4). Kitzingen 1995, ISBN 3-921327-25-3
Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
Dieter Böhn: Kitzingen am Main. Urban geography and central local relations (= Würzburg Geographical Works, booklet 28) . Wuerzburg 1969.
Georg Buchwald : History of the Evangelical Congregation in Kitzingen: Told from the documents . Leipzig B. Richter 1898. New edition Kitzingen Högner 2011.
Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Kitzingen . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 3 : I-Ne . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1801, DNB 790364301 , OCLC 833753092 , Sp. 124-145 ( digitized version ).

Hans Peter Eisenbach: Front operations of a Stuka pilot. Helios, Aachen 2009, ISBN 978-3-938208-96-0 . The book describes in detail the training of Stuka pilots in Kitzingen. With photos of Stukas over the Kitzingen airfield in 1942.

Ernst Kemmeter (archivist of the city of Kitzingen): A walk through the history of the city of Kitzingen. Verlag der Bücherstube Högner, Kitzingen 1968.

Wolf-Dieter Raftopoulo: City Guide Kitzingen . RMd Verlag, Gerbrunn 2017.

Anton Rottmayer (Hrsg.): Statistical-topographical manual for the Lower Main district of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Sartorius'sche Buchdruckerei, Würzburg 1830, p. 489-491 ( digitized version ).

August Schmitt: Chronicle of the city of Kitzingen. With the greatest possible consideration of the environment . Kitzingen 1873 ( digitized from Google Books ).

Hans Willmann: Kitzingen in the fateful year 1945. Joachim Henrich, Frankfurt / Main 1948.

Web links

Commons : Kitzingen - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Kitzingen - Sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Kitzingen - travel guide

Entry on the coat of arms of Kitzingen in the database of the House of Bavarian History

City of Kitzingen
facts and figures
Nocturnal panorama pictures of Kitzingen
Kitzingen by night
Kitzingen or Kitzing, Kizingen. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 15, Leipzig 1737, columns 845-849.
Kitzingen: Official statistics of the LfStat
Kitzingen's chronicle from 1797 from the manuscript collection of the Bamberg State Library

Individual evidence

↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).

↑ Bavarian State Ministry for Economic Affairs, Regional Development and Energy (Ed.): Ordinance amending the ordinance on the Bavarian State Development Program of February 21, 2018 . Munich.

↑ Kitzingen, GKSt. In: bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de. Retrieved July 6, 2015 .

↑ Broken temperature record in Germany: 40.3 degrees in Kitzingen. (No longer available online.) July 5, 2015, archived from the original on July 6, 2015 ; Retrieved July 5, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.

↑ Summer in Germany: Kitzingen sets a new heat record. In: Spiegel Online . July 6, 2015, accessed July 6, 2015 .

↑ WORLD: Heat: 40.5 degrees in Geilenkirchen - weather service announces a new heat record . July 24, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed July 24, 2019]).

^ Herbert Baumann: Catholic parish church St. Johannes in Kitzingen . Ed .: Catholic Parish Office St. Johannes. 1st edition. KunstSchätzeVerlag, Gerchsheim, ISBN 3-934223-01-X , p. 27 f .

↑ Anja Legge: Saints and Blessed. Diocese of Würzburg, accessed on August 14, 2019 .

↑ Table Medieval Leprosories in Today's Bavaria, Gesellschaft für Leprakunde, Münster 1995, No. 17, accessed January 8, 2017 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
↑ List of monuments of the city of Kitzingen. (PDF) Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, November 16, 2017, accessed on November 19, 2017 .
↑ Peter Blickle: Community Reformation: The People of the 16th Century on the Way to Salvation (1987), page 82
^ Theodor Sandel: The peasant war. In: Kirchberg an der Jagst - Fate of a Hohenlohe-Franconian City , Volume I (1936), Verlag Lorenz Spindler Nürnberg.
↑ City history of the 20th century. City of Kitzingen, accessed on October 29, 2019 .
^ Böhn, Dieter: Kitzingen am Main . P. 29 f.
↑ City history of the 20th century. In: Kitzingen.info. City of Kitzingen, accessed on October 29, 2019 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 747 f .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Large district town of Kitzingen 09 675 141. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Statistics communal. Bavarian State Office for Statistics, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; accessed on November 20, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
↑ ^a ^b Large district town Kitzingen 09 675 141. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Bavarian State Office for Statistics, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; accessed on April 20, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
^ Result of the 2014 city council election on March 16, 2014 City of Kitzingen. City administration of Kitzingen, March 30, 2014 .; accessed on November 27, 2019
↑ Entry on the coat of arms of the large district town of Kitzingen in the database of the House of Bavarian History, accessed on November 20, 2017.
↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism . A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education , Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 155
↑ Andreas Brachs: City council closes the municipal museum and winds it up. In: Die Kitzinger (infranken.de). June 28, 2020, accessed July 17, 2020 .
^ Elisabeth Ziegler-Weißer: Franconian preparation for the Christmas season. In: infranken.de. December 17, 2012, accessed July 6, 2015 .
↑ A cooperative cinema for Kitzingen: The Roxy is back. Bayerischer Rundfunk, February 28, 2019, accessed on February 28, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the FVgg. Bavaria Kitzingen. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
^ Homepage of the SSV Kitzingen. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
^ Homepage of the TG Kitzingen. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the LSC Kitzingen. Retrieved May 24, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the Kitzinger RV. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of KSV Kitzingen. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the Schachclub Kitzingen 05. Retrieved on May 23, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the SSC Kitzingen. Retrieved May 24, 2019 .
↑ Homepage of the Kitzinger TC. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
↑ mainpost.de: By train through the inner city of Schweinfurt, August 2, 2019. Accessed on January 19, 2020 .
↑ mainpost.de: IHK: Steigerwaldbahn would strengthen the region, July 20, 2018. Accessed on January 20, 2020 .
^ Arnold, Klaus: Large district town of Kitzingen . P. 521.
^ Arnold, Klaus: The Kitzinger purity law for wine from 1482 . P. 102.
^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
^ Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture (Ed.): Evaluation from the viticulture index; planted vineyards on 31 July 2017 . Veitshöchheim 2017.
↑ Weinfest-Kitzingen: Kitzinger Promenaden Wine Festival , accessed on June 2, 2019.
↑ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area ( Memento of the original from July 28, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , PDF file, accessed May 16, 2019. @1@ 2

^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.

↑ What it was about. In: wildtimes-kitzingen.com. Retrieved July 6, 2015 .

^ Statistics communal in the large district town of Kitzingen. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 2, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.

^ Honorary citizen of Kitzingen. Retrieved November 19, 2017 .

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_DE-BY-1] "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).