Buchbrunn

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Buchbrunn (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 46 '  N , 10 ° 8'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Kitzingen
Management Community :	Kitzingen
Height :	246 m above sea level NHN
Area :	4.57 km 2
Residents:	1095 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	240 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97320
Area code :	09321
License plate :	KT
Community key :	09 6 75 114
Community structure:	1 district
Association administration address:	Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 5 97318 Kitzingen
Website :	www.buchbrunn.de
First Mayor :	Hermann Queck
Location of the municipality of Buchbrunn in the Kitzingen district

Buchbrunn is a municipality in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen and a member of the Kitzingen administrative community .

geography

The municipality is located in the Würzburg region (Bavarian planning region 2). It has no other officially named districts.

Neighboring communities are (clockwise from the north): Mainstockheim , Kitzingen and Biebelried .

In terms of nature, Buchbrunn is located on the so-called plateaus in the southern Main Triangle , which are counted among the Gäuf areas in the Main Triangle. Typical are the approximately 300 m high areas that slope steeply towards the Main.

history

The history association in Buchbrunn is primarily responsible for researching the history of the community .

8/9 century

The settlement of the area in today's Kitzingen district began in the 8th century with the Christianization of what was then Germania. The first missionary in our room was the Irish traveling preacher Kilian, who is venerated as a Franconian saint. His bones are buried in the Kilians crypt under the Neumünster Church in Würzburg. The women's monastery in Kitzingen (745) was founded at this time. In the 8th and 9th centuries, farms and mills were built in the vicinity of this monastery, which were subordinate to it and whose residents had to do labor. They had to transfer the tenth part of their income from agriculture, hunting and fishing to the monastery. Three such tithe farms were also founded in Buchbrunn. Only parts of it have survived. The oldest was probably the house at Hofstrasse 8 belonging to the Christian Geißendörfer family. The Zehnthof had to give way to a new building several years ago. The Schleyer family's estate (Neuer Weg 5) is another Zehnthof, which is still in its basic structure and is being managed. The third courtyard, the former castle , was demolished in 1947 because it was in disrepair. Georg Seynstahl built his house in their place (Am Hühnerberg 23). The farmsteads were built in close proximity to a spring and were surrounded by strong walls to protect against attacks. The protection of these fortified tithe farms attracted more settlers.

1007

The Kitzingen monastery, including the farmsteads under it, was transferred to the Bamberg diocese as a fief in 1007 . Buchbrunn was now under the rule of the wealthy Hohenlohe family, but their family soon died out. 5/8 of the property came to the Bishopric of Würzburg and 3/8 to the Burgraves of Nuremberg .

May 9, 1244

The place Buchbrunnen was first mentioned in a document dated May 9, 1244, when a Heinrich von Bochprunin testified in court in disputes between Count Friedrich von Castell and the abbess of the Kitzingen monastery that the convent had to claim the tithe of Birklingen. This document is signed by the nobleman Heinrich von Bochprunin .

13th Century

The village seems to have been quite extensive even then, because in addition to the lords of Buchbrunn, who lived in the "castle" until 1325, the various sovereigns and tithe lords received regular taxes. The name Klosterhof for the property at Hofstraße 8 (Geißendörfer) reminds us that the Benedictine convent in Kitzingen had tithe rights there and had it administered by its own mayor. Another part of the Buchbrunner Höfe was taxable to Messrs. Fuchs von Dornheim (1280). Their tithe yard was the property Neuer Weg 5 (Schleyer). In 1390 part of these rights fell as an imperial fiefdom to the burgraves of Nuremberg and another part to the diocese of Würzburg . The Würzburg part was later taken over by the Margraves of Ansbach from 1443 to 1629. A Gothic style chapel was built in the 13th century. This forms the choir of the Protestant church. The cemetery was laid out around the chapel. Buchbrunn was not an independent parish at that time, it was looked after by the clergyman from Mainstockheim.

1470-1480

The village had developed well due to its favorable location with plenty of water, forest and fertile soil. Soon the chapel became too small. Since, at the request of the abbess Margaretha III. von Hirschberg, Prince-Bishop Rudolf II von Scherenberg granted permission to build a church (March 7, 1470). The construction time lasted ten years until it was consecrated in 1480 under the abbess Magdalena von Leonrod in honor of St. Mary Magdalene. The medieval altar cross, the Gothic sacrament niche next to the altar, two windows to the south, the Gothic vestry cupboard with rich ornamental carvings and a golden communion chalice are still from the original furnishings of the church. In 1506, Prince-Bishop Lorenz von Bibra , with the consent of Abbess Margaretha IV. Von Baldersheim and Pastor Jodokus Gruber von Mainstockheim, raised the church to a parish church and separated it from the parish of Mainstockheim.

16th Century

The first known Catholic pastor was Nikolaus Jäger. In 1522 he had a baptismal font made, which is one of the oldest and most beautiful in the area. His name and coat of arms (hunting horn) are carved. Georg the Pious, a Margrave of Ansbach, introduced the Reformation in 1523. Buchbrunn, whose inhabitants were not serfs, became Protestant. After Pastor Jäger, the first Protestant pastor came in 1556, Johannes Hartmann, who worked until 1604. In 1556, he also created the first church registers that are still available.

1588

A major fire in 1588 almost completely incinerated the village. The church and the rectory were spared from the fire because they were surrounded by walls.

1611-1612

Despite the devastating fire, the first century of modern times also seems to have brought significant growth to the place numerically. As a result, the cemetery around the church was no longer sufficient as a burial place. In 1611 a new cemetery was laid out at the north end of the village and consecrated by Dean Codomann from Kitzingen. The ordination was followed by a funeral for the "then Christian different, honorable, honorable and respectful Andreas Reß, a judge". In 1612 a beautifully designed stone cemetery pulpit was built. The following can be read on a wall surface:

“THE HERBAR HANS RASP SENIOR IN THE COURT OF BUCHBRUNN
8 DEC. AO 1612 ASLEEP IN CHRIST HAS LEFT THIS
SEMINAR CHAIR TO BUILD THIS SITE. GOD GRACE HIM AND ALL OF US. AMEN:
IN CHRIST I LIVE HAPPY BEYOND DIEING IS MY PROFIT "

The first artistically designed grave monument from 1615 has also been preserved. even if his writing is hardly legible due to weathering. It is:

"ALS TAUSENDUND SIX HUNDRED YEAR Fifteen MORE GEZEHLET WAR
ELISABETH ON ALT MATRON THE STONE TO EHRN HAS SETZTN LON
IHRN MEN BEID AND CHILDREN ALL, THE TEN GOODS TO THE NUMBER OF
HANS HOLZMANN CLOSTERSCHULTHEIS WAS DIED BECAUSE HE forty-six YEAR
ANDREAS RESS THE OTHER MAN , BUCHBRUNN DEDICATED TO
THE TWELFTH OF GOD'S FIELD, -ELF WRITTEN MAN- WITH THE ACCEPTANCE OF BEING THE LOCATION IS
FIRST KNOWN, ANDRESGARTEN IS CALLED
GOD THE GRACE OF SOUL AND HELP AT THE TIME; US TO IN D 'ETERNAL GLORY: "

1615

A special event was the sinkhole in 1615. On Lochgasse , for no apparent reason, a piece of the garden and the walnut tree on top collapsed. This sank into a deep crevice, the walls of which consisted of clay and rock. If you threw a stone into the abyss, it would bounce off protruding rocks several times until it hit deep in the water. The rushing of water could be heard all the time, the strength of which was related to the swelling or sinking of the Main. The fact that there was an underground connection with the river resulted from the fact that wipes of straw thrown into the gap reappeared after a long time in Mainstockheim and at the Mainmühle near Kitzingen. In 1713 the hole was filled in.

When Emperor Matthias commissioned the Postmaster General, Prince von Thurn und Taxis, to build a short route from Brussels, via Frankfurt and Nuremberg, to Prague, Buchbrunn was given a post office in 1615 under the postman, Küchenmeister, as the first place in the whole area. Remember the Alte Poststrasse in Kitzingen, which led through a deep ravine behind the new cemetery in the direction of Buchbrunn.

1618-1648

The Thirty Years War with its terrible looting and murders by overgrown soldiers and plague epidemics suffocated almost all life. Looting soldiers took the last of their belongings from the residents. The plague killed 84 people in 1632 and 70 people in 1634. The place was deserted after the end of the war. In 1629 the Bishop of Würzburg bought back the aforementioned shares from the Margrave of Ansbach and the Burgrave of Nuremberg and was thus again the sovereign. A difficult time began for Buchbrunner, who had converted to the Protestant faith after the Reformation was introduced in 1523. In addition to the horrors of the Thirty Years' War, they now also suffered from the persecution of the Würzburg bishop. The ruler issued his religious and reformation edict in 1629 , according to which all Protestants had to convert to the Catholic faith or leave the country within four weeks. The oppression was so intense that only eight families remained true to their evangelical creed. It was not until 1651 that the denominational status of 1629 was restored. Buchbrunn was allowed to remain Protestant.

18th century

Soon after the Thirty Years' War with all its consequences, life in the village began to stir again. The development of agriculture, viticulture, trade and commerce brought the villagers new employment opportunities. The population grew and the place expanded. At that time Buchbrunn also had a forest area that stretched over the heights to the east to the Main. From 1792–1797 a unit of the Napoleonic army camped there , completely devastating the vineyards and forest. The field name wood indicates this. During excavation work on the railway embankment in the 1950s, remains of horses from this period were found. The division of the village into several different domains was not canceled until 1802 when the prince-bishopric of Würzburg was eliminated and in 1814 Franconia was added to Bavaria.

19th century

Until the beginning of the 19th century, the Buchbrunn church was used simultaneously. There was therefore frequent strife between the denominations. Through the mediation of the diocese of Würzburg, a separate Catholic church could be built in 1805.

20th century until today

In addition to the church, the influence of the school was also decisive for the development of the place. Georg Herrmann is mentioned as the first teacher in the annals in 1580. 1702 was reported by a Catholic instructor who was employed as a teacher in 1711. Four school houses are known from Buchbrunn. In 1818 a school was built in the middle of the village, which was replaced by a new building in 1880 in the same place. Since 1967 the building has been used as a town hall with municipal administration. The Catholic schoolhouse was built in 1844 and is now the community room at the fountain. In 1964, today's new school building, in which the Buchbrunn secondary school is located, was inaugurated. As mentioned, viticulture in the place had been of particular importance since the middle of the last century. About a dozen independent wine merchants and Büttner provided work and income for many Buchbrunners. The Meuschel company was the longest and most successful company. It made Buchbrunn wine known far beyond the borders of Franconia. It offered Franconian wines at the Paris World Exhibition in 1888 and delivered to North and South America, Africa and Asia. Buchbrunn owes its economic development not least to the connection to the road and rail network. With the construction of the Buchbrunn- Mainstockheim train station in 1892, good travel and transport options opened up. The two world wars in 1914/1918 and 1939/1945 also claimed great human lives in Buchbrunn. The names of 46 dead and 16 missing can be read on the war memorial. Many displaced persons have found a new home here. The village has undergone a fundamental structural change in the last few decades. Only a few full-time farmers remained. The majority of the population works in industry, trade and commerce.

Data from recent history

• 1936: First kindergarten in the former Meuschel estate
• 1950/51 Construction of the municipality's own water pipeline, two pump and running wells were replaced
• 1963: Construction of the new school building on Schulstrasse. Inauguration on January 4, 1964. Expansion of the association school in 1991. Inauguration on June 15, 1991.
• 1964: Construction of the bypass road KT 27 from the federal highway 8 to Mainstockheim. Opening of the western section of the B 8 as far as the Buchbrunn entrance on August 1, 1967
• 1967: Relocation of the town hall from the former Meuschelshaus to the former school. Opening on August 1, 1967.
• 1970: Completion of land consolidation (since 1960) and the associated renovation of the village with the Ringstrasse.
• 1974 Release of the bypass road KT 27 to Mainstockheim with the railway underpass on November 28, 1974. The barred level crossing was closed; the station building demolished in 1976.
• 1977: Construction of the sports area on Kitzinger Strasse. Inauguration on July 9, 1977. On August 9, 1977, two skeletons are exposed in a stool grave on Karl Schleyer's property on Klettenbergstrasse. According to estimates by experts, they are around 4,000 years old.
• 1978/80: Implementation of the local sewer system and subsequent road construction with the laying of all energy supply lines.
• 1981: Construction and commissioning of the sports hall
• 1982: Creation of the leisure area and the playground at Gänsewasen. A large part of the area served as a clay pit for a brick factory in Kitzingen until World War I. The hollow was filled in with the excavation during the construction of the regional wine cooperative in 1959/69.
• 1995: Construction of the new kindergarten. Inauguration on December 17, 1995
• 1997: Construction of the fire station on Neuer Weg and acquisition of the fire engine.
• 2001/02: Excavation of a ceramic band settlement on the outskirts of Buchbrunn
• 2005: Renovation of the town hall and redesign of the village square
• 2006: Opening of the exhibition Stone Age Experience in the foyer of the town hall with Neolithic finds from previous excavations
• 2007/8: Replica of a Neolithic nave

Religions

There is a Protestant and a Roman Catholic parish.

Population development

• 1970: 0804 inhabitants
• 1987: 0827 inhabitants
• 1991: 0866 inhabitants
• 1995: 0958 inhabitants
• 2000: 0985 inhabitants
• 2005: 1035 inhabitants
• 2010: 1041 inhabitants
• 2015: 1128 inhabitants

politics

mayor

Hermann Queck (FWG) has been mayor since May 1, 2014; he was re-elected on March 15, 2020 with 82.1% of the vote.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In silver a black tubular fountain with a trough on the left, a green beech on the right."

Foundation of the coat of arms: Buchbrunn was first mentioned in a document in 1244. The coat of arms is based on a court seal from the 17th century. The fountain and the beech stand for the place name. There is also an old tubular fountain and a beech tree on the village square, which prompted the municipality to include these two representations in their coat of arms. In the late Middle Ages, the community was subordinate to the Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach. The colors silver and black were taken from their coat of arms. The coat of arms was awarded by the Ministry of the Interior on October 27, 1969.

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Buchbrunn

→ Main article : St. Maria Magdalena (Buchbrunn)

→ Main article : Assumption of Mary (Buchbrunn)

Soil monuments

→ Main article : List of archaeological monuments in Buchbrunn

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

In 2017 there were 103 jobs subject to social security contributions in the municipality. Of the resident population, 520 people were in employment that was subject to compulsory insurance. This means that the number of out-commuters was 417 more than that of in-commuters. 12 residents were unemployed. In 2016 there were 11 farms.

Viticulture

Today Buchbrunn is a wine-growing place in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a vineyard around the village and the wine has been marketed under the name Buchbrunner Hot Stone since the 1970s. Buchbrunn is part of the region Main south until 2017, the wineries in area were Maindreieck summarized. The shell limestone soils with admixtures of clay around Buchbrunn are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

People in the region have been growing wine since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. Viticulture in Buchbrunn was first mentioned in a document from 1378. The people mostly operated part - time viticulture for self-sufficiency , while export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main. The Buchbrunners only operated part-time viticulture.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.

Due to its proximity to Kitzingen in particular, Buchbrunn became a wine trading location in the second half of the 19th century . Johann Wilhelm Meuschel's company eventually exported its wine worldwide. At the same time, viticulture in Buchbrunn declined sharply, with phylloxera contributing in particular. Only since the 1970s has it had its own vineyard again. A total of 18 wineries are based in the village. The center of the wine culture is the wine festival at the end of July.

Vineyard	Size 1993	Size 2013	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Hot stone	20 ha	19 ha	South, southwest	15-25%	Müller-Thurgau	Kitzinger Councilor

traffic

Buchbrunn is attractive because of its "secluded centrality" , as a newspaper article once put it.

In the immediate vicinity are the district town of Kitzingen (approx. Two kilometers), the university town / city of Würzburg (approx. 15 kilometers), the federal highway 8 and the federal highways A 3 and A 7 and the Biebelried interchange (approx. 3 km).

Exactly between Buchbrunn and the neighboring town of Mainstockheim is the Buchbrunn-Mainstockheim stop ( local traffic in the Kitzingen district # stations / stops in the district (regular traffic) approx. 700 m) on the Würzburg – Nuremberg railway line . Here there is an hourly connection to the regional trains of the Mainfranken Bahn . The platform area was completely renewed in 2012 as part of modernization work on the line.

Despite this central location , Buchbrunn has no main traffic routes in the immediate vicinity, which means a certain seclusion and, above all, a quiet location .

The Franconian Marienweg runs through Buchbrunn .

education

There are the following institutions (as of 2015):

• Evangelical “House for Children” with twelve crèche places and 32 kindergarten places, the children are looked after in two regular groups and a smaller crèche group by educators and nannies
• Elementary and middle school Buchbrunn, inclusion school, number of teachers: 30 Students: 260

Associations and groups

• TSV Buchbrunn (gymnastics and sports club)
• Buchbrunn volunteer fire brigade V.
• Men's choral society Eintracht
• The surveyors
• Trombone Choir Buchbrunn
• Bund Naturschutz in Bayern, local group since 1987
• History in Buchbrunn (GiB) e. V.
• Country women

literature

• Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
• Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
• Wolfgang Döring (Ed.): Buchbrunn. History and stories . Buchbrunn 2013.
  • Wolfgang Döring, Walter Kolb: Viticulture then and now . Pp. 304-309.
  • Gudrun Erhard, Wilhelm Erhard: Wine trade . Pp. 328-341.

Web links

Commons : Buchbrunn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Local government
• History in Buchbrunn Stone Age experience
• Buchbrunn: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Mayor. Buchbrunn municipality, accessed on June 1, 2020 . 
3. ^ Municipality of Buchbrunn in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on June 26, 2020.
4. ^ Association History in Buchbrunn , accessed on June 26, 2020
5. ^ History on the parish homepage , accessed June 26, 2020
6. ^ Bauer, Hans: Old and new coats of arms in the district of Kitzingen . P. 55 f.
7. ↑ Entry on the Buchbrunn coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
8. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
9. ^ Döring, Wolfgang (among others): Viticulture then and now . P. 307.
10. ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
11. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.