Willanzheim

This article deals with the political community of Willanzheim in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen. For information on the main town, see Willanzheim (Willanzheim) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 41 '  N , 10 ° 14'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Kitzingen
Management Community :	Iphofen
Height :	260 m above sea level NHN
Area :	25.13 km 2
Residents:	1597 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	64 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97348
Primaries :	09323, 09326
License plate :	KT
Community key :	09 6 75 179
Market structure:	3 district
Association administration address:	Marktplatz 28 97346 Iphofen
Website :	www.willanzheim.de
Mayoress :	Ingrid Reifenscheid-Eckert ( Voting Community Willanzheim )
Location of the Willanzheim market in the Kitzingen district

The field chapel for the painful mother of God from 1727 in the Willanzheim area

Willanzheim is a market in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen and a member of the Iphofen administrative association .

geography

Geographical location

Willanzheim is located in the Würzburg region (Bavarian planning region 2).

Altitudes in the municipality: Willanzheim district 259.6  m above sea level. NN , district Markt Herrnsheim 270.5  m above sea level. NN , district Hüttenheim 281.8  m above sea level NN , Hüttenheimer Tannenberg 382  m above sea level NN

The place is traversed by the Breitbach in the south , the Buschgraben rises to the north and the Sparnbach to the east.

Community structure

Willanzheim has three districts:

• Hüttenheim in Bavaria
• Herrnsheim Market
• Willanzheim

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (clockwise, starting in the north): Mainbernheim , Iphofen , Sugenheim , Ippesheim , Seinsheim and Marktsteft .

Natural location

In terms of nature, Willanzheim and its districts are located on the border of two sub-units, both of which are part of the Steigerwald foreland. The main town has a share in the Mainbernheim plain with its flat undulating Lettenkeuper heights . Herrnsheim and Hüttenheim are located in the Hellmitzheim Bay , which is much more shaped by Keuperböden .

history

The winemaking tradition in Hüttenheim goes back to the year 1199.

The three districts have centuries of very different history. Willanzheim was owned by the Würzburg Cathedral Chapter from 1628 to 1803. The von Seinsheim family owned in Herrnsheim and Hüttenheim in the Middle Ages. The Teutonic Order had a branch in Hüttenheim from 1213 to 1680, which belonged to the Ballei Franken . In 1803 or finally in 1814 the area of ​​today's municipality came to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

Hüttenheim Jewish cemetery

In the Hüttenheim district, Jewish families had lived at least since the 19th century , who laid out a cemetery and built a synagogue . During the November pogrom in 1938 , the Jewish church was desecrated by the SA and the cemetery was destroyed. In 1950 survivors erected a memorial to the victims of fascism there .

On May 1, 1978, as part of the municipal area reform , the market of Willanzheim was formed from the municipalities of Markt Herrnsheim, Hüttenheim and Willanzheim, which had been independent since 1818 . Due to Herrnsheim's market rights , the new municipality was given the title market.

politics

Mayoress

Ingrid Reifenscheid-Eckert (Willanzheim Voting Association) has been mayor since May 1, 2008. She was elected for a further six years on March 15, 2020 with 91.1% of the vote.

coat of arms

Blazon : "Under a red shield head, in it three lowered silver tips, seven times split from silver and blue, covered with a silver shield, in it a continuous black paw cross."

Establishing a coat of arms: After the community was founded in 1978, Willanzheim initially had no coat of arms. It was not accepted until 1986. It refers to the three formerly independent communities. The main shield represents the Franconian rake, the Würzburg monastery ruled over the village of Willanzheim from 1628 to 1803. The split of silver and blue is an indication of the rule of the von Seinsheim family in Markt Herrnsheim. The paw cross, on the other hand, gives clues to the Teutonic Order, which had a branch in Hüttenheim.

	Herrnsheim coat of arms
	Blazon : “Split by red and silver; in front on a green three-mountain a silver pinnacle tower; in the back the standing, golden nimbly Saint John the Baptist in a black fur coat, in the right the golden baptismal shell, in the left a golden book; to the right behind him an upright black cross with a red pennant. "
	Founding of the coat of arms: Herrnsheim had its own coat of arms until 1978. The colors red and silver refer to the Duchy of Franconia, in which the place was for centuries.

Partner municipality

• Zánka in Hungary , Veszprém county : After mutual visits to the participating municipalities, the partnership agreement was signed on May 1st, 2001.

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Willanzheim

Castle complexes

At times there were two castle complexes in Willanzheim. The older one, today's Burgstall Willanzheim, was on the edge of the settlement. In the 14th century, the so-called Weiherhaus, today's Willanzheim Tower Hill, was built . Alternating sexes sat on the respective castles. In 1428 Hans von Wenkheim succeeded in uniting both castles in one hand. Today barely visible remains are reminiscent of the two castles.

Fortified churches

In all three districts, fortified churches dominate the town center.

• 

  Market square in Hüttenheim with entrance to the fortified church

• 

  Gadenhäuschen in Hüttenheim

• 

  Ascent to the fortified church in Herrnsheim

• 

  Gadenhäuschen in Herrnsheim

• 

  Gatehouse above the entrance to the Willanzheimer Kirchenburg

• 

  Entrance to the fortified church in Willanzheim

Huettenheim

→ Main article : Fortified church Hüttenheim

The Hüttenheimer Kirchenburg is one of the largest preserved Gadenkirchen castles in Franconia. The town hall and the archway with the adjoining buildings are reminiscent of a kennel due to the structural shape in front of the main entrance to the actual complex , which had the task of protecting the main entrance with a front gate and wall.

A fortified church market with arts and crafts takes place there in May. The highlight is the Kirchenburg wine festival on the third weekend in August in Hüttenheim.

Herrnsheim Market

→ Main article : Fortified church Markt Herrnsheim

This is where the smallest, renovated fortified church in the Kitzingen district is located. Like many fortified churches, the entire complex is located on a hill on the outskirts with the staircase facing the village. The Romanesque church tower from around 1200 is massive and has loopholes. It was only a little higher than the longhouse. From here the particularly endangered entrance could be defended. A well-fortified wall protected the Church of St. Martin and the small houses and storerooms of the village families in case of danger.

The annual market on the Sunday before Jakobi reminds of the market law.

Willanzheim

→ Main article : Willanzheim fortified church

The former fortified church dominates the surrounding buildings. When entering the churchyard through the gatehouse, the thickness of the wall can be seen.

Say

The so-called Greutholz between Iphofen and Willanzheim has a few legends as their theme. It was said that there was a haunted man walking around who was supposed to shout “hu hu”. Likewise, a woman is said to have been seen there shaking her white linen and hanging it on a tree. During the Advent season and around Easter , people were often misled in the forest and didn't come back to Willanzheim until the next morning.

A butcher woman from Kitzingen is said to have been banished to the forest after her death. She had put her thumb on the scales when weighing meat, which is why she kept shouting as a haunted : "Three quarters and a Damma it aa pound !" In addition, an old monastery was suspected in the forest, which is said to have been destroyed in the Huns War. This legend probably alludes to an old fortification that is located there.

tourism

The Willanzheim market with its districts offers various recreational opportunities, such as marked cycling and hiking trails, rest huts, Kneipp basins, viewpoints and guided tours. There are several Franconian restaurants, hedge taverns and wine tasting rooms in the village. With vacation on the winery, holiday apartments, guest rooms and the winery, overnight accommodation for tourists is offered.

The fortified church, the stylish neo-Gothic church of St. John, the former synagogue and historical courtyards characterize the wine village. The Hüttenheim village walk leads to the sights. Guided tours are also offered.

Museum and exhibitions in Hüttenheim

• Bicycle museum Hüttenheim: collection of unusual and historical bicycles
• Därr collection: corner shop around 1940 and large collection of old detergents

Events

• First Saturday in March: Culinary village walk in Hüttenheim (with registration)
• Ascension Day: Market Square Festival in Hüttenheim
• Third or fourth Sunday in May: Kirchenburgmarkt in Hüttenheim
• Sunday before Jakobi (July 25th): Herrnsheimer Markt
• Second weekend in August: Willanzheim village festival
• Third weekend in August: Kirchenburg wine festival in Hüttenheim
• Last Sunday in September: Fruit festival in Markt Herrnsheim (even years)

Nature trails

• Willanzheimer Dorfkulturweg ( Ortolan , forest management, Celtic Viereckschanze)
• Orchards adventure trail Markt Herrnsheim (designed for school classes, groups of children and families with children, unique in Bavaria)
• Hüttenheim village walk (fortified church, catholic church, former synagogue, castle stable of the German order commander, Ebracher Hof)
• On old paths around the Tannenberg (natural history trail)
• Weinparadiesweg (through the vineyards, approx. 20 km)

natural reserve

The forests to the west and east of the village are part of the Natura 2000 network and are designated as a protected area DE6327372, forests between Willanzheim, Mainbernheim and Tiefenstockheim . The area northeast of the village is designated as a bird sanctuary DE6227-471, southern Steigerwald foreland .

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture

Viticulture is now practiced in two districts of the market town. With an area of ​​around 75 hectares , Hüttenheim is the actual wine village in the municipality. Willanzheim, on the other hand, has only a small area under vines that has not been assigned to any individual location . Hüttenheim wines have been marketed under the Tannenberg name since the 1970s. The gypsum keuper soils around Willanzheim are also suitable for growing wine, as is the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

The people around Willanzheim have been viticulture since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s. Only since the 2000s has viticulture been practiced in Willanzheim again to a limited extent.

Vineyard	Size 1993	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Tannenberg	75 ha	South, southwest	25-30%	Müller-Thurgau , Silvaner	Frankenberg castle piece
nameless	not clear	south	not clear	not clear	Iphöfer Burgweg

traffic

Markt Willanzheim can be reached via the federal highways 8 and 13 and thus also has a connection to the highways 3 and 7 . In addition, there is a connection with public buses via the train stations in Kitzingen and Iphofen on the Nuremberg - Würzburg railway line.

education

In the districts of Willanzheim and Hüttenheim there is a primary school and a kindergarten each.

Personalities

• Leonhard Rosen († 1591), abbot of Ebrach Monastery (1563–1591), born in the main town
• Philipp Joseph Frick (also Frike, 1742–1798), court organist in Baden-Baden, music theorist, born in the main town
• Meinrad Sprenke (born Georg Joseph Stephan Anton, 1755–1837), Capuchin, theological writer, born in the main town
• Anton Franz Jaeger (1788–1851), Colonel and Commander of the 14th Infantry Regiment, born in the main town
• Michael Störcher (1817–1888), pastor and painter, born in the main town
• Gerhard Hildmann (1907–1992), theologian and politician, born in Markt Herrnsheim

literature

• Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann: The Steigerwald in the past. A contribution to Franconian cultural studies . Gerolzhofen ² 1909.
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann, Karl Spiegel: Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald. Reprint of the 1912 edition . Neustadt an der Aisch 1982.

Web links

Commons : Willanzheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of Willanzheim
• Entry on the coat of arms of Willanzheim  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Willanzheim: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=[phone]/184625&attr=OBJ&val= 1678
3. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education , Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 198
4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 748 .
5. ^ House of Bavarian History: Willanzheim , accessed on June 30, 2019.
6. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig (among others): Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald . P. 261.
7. ↑ Natura 2000: DE6327372, community forests around Willanzheim (accessed on June 25, 2015)
8. ↑ Appendix 1 to BayNat2000V (accessed on Jan. 30, 2018)
9. ↑ Natura 2000: DE6227471, southern Steigerwaldvorland (accessed on June 25, 2015)
10. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
11. ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
12. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.
13. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig: The Steigerwald in the past . P. 216.