Kleinlangheim

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 46 '  N , 10 ° 17'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Kitzingen
Management Community :	Großlangheim
Height :	224 m above sea level NHN
Area :	19.09 km 2
Residents:	1692 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	89 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97355
Area code :	09325
License plate :	KT
Community key :	09 6 75 142
Market structure:	5 districts
Market administration address :	Hauptstrasse 15 97355 Kleinlangheim
Website :	www.kleinlangheim.de
First Mayor :	Gerlinde Stier ( FWG )
Location of the market in Kleinlangheim in the Kitzingen district

Kleinlangheim is a market in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen and a member of the Großlangheim administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

Kleinlangheim is located between the towns of Kitzingen and Wiesentheid and between the Maindreieck and Steigerwald . The landscape there is slightly mountainous. Five kilometers to the south, the Schwanberg juts out about 200 meters from the plain, seven kilometers east of the Friedrichsberg . The Gründleinsbach runs through Kleinlangheim .

Community structure

Kleinlangheim consists of five districts:

• Atzhausen
• Haidt
• Kleinlangheim
• Pound mill
• Stephansberg

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Wiesentheid , Rüdenhausen , Wiesenbronn , Großlangheim and Schwarzach am Main .

Natural location

In terms of nature, Kleinlangheim and its districts are located in two natural areas, both of which are part of the Steigerwald foreland. The north with Haidt and Atzhausen is part of the flat Albertshofener drifting sand area , while around the main town Kleinlangheim the areas of the Mainbernheim plain begin with several hills.

history

Until the church is planted

The first human traces emerged from the discovery of a nephrite ax from around 7000 BC. Chr. On. It is the oldest man-made find in the Kleinlangheim district and is exhibited in the museum in Kitzingen. Around 1000 years BC The first barrows were created in the Kleinlangheimer Flur. About 500 years later, people left a millstone that was found in the area of ​​the town hall.

About 50 BC The continuous settlement history began. Elbe Germans became settled on the east side of the Gründleinbach . During excavations in the 1960s, a fire pit cemetery with over 200 fire pit graves was discovered . The settlers burned their dead and dumped the ashes loose or in urns in small pits. From the migration period a is burial ground known that started with individual burials in the early 6th century and was used until the 7th century. It contains over 243 body graves and another 56 fire pit graves. In addition to the Elbe-Germanic pre-population, the main bearers of this culture were the Franks , who expanded their territory enormously in the 6th century and probably also introduced Christianity.

The place was first mentioned in a document from 816, when "Lanchem" was included in the equipment of the Megingaudshausen monastery in the Steigerwald. In 1427 the place was granted market rights for four markets a year. Three years later, Kleinlangheim was given a village and market structure. At the same time the village was fortified and could only be entered through four gate towers. The margrave granted sheep rights to the place in 1441. The first town hall was probably built in 1484. The ability of existing riflemen to defend themselves can be seen from an invitation to the state treasure shooting in Würzburg in 1490. As early as 1491, the residents were able to enjoy the privilege of holding cattle markets. This privilege was exercised until 1908.

From 1500 the place was in the Franconian Empire . In 1530 Christian Beyer from Kleinlangheim read Luther's theses at the Augsburg Reichstag. Beyer, who had studied in Erfurt, was Martin Luther's councilor in Wittenberg and represented him legally as a lawyer. In the same year, the people of Kleinlangheim switched to the evangelical creed.

In 1532 all of the mills still in existence today existed. There was also a brickworks in the district. The old town hall, rebuilt in 1584, served as the first school. In 1725, the Kleinlangheim Jews received permission to build a synagogue, which was expanded in 1802.

In 1803 the former margravial office came to Bavaria through border adjustments with Prussia and to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg in 1810 . By the treaties of Paris Kleinlangheim fell back to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. In the course of administrative reforms in the Kingdom of Bavaria , today's municipality was created in 1818.

20th century

The last livestock market was held in 1908. With the construction of the Kitzingen – Schweinfurt railway line, the farmers now had it easy to transport their cattle to Schweinfurt and sell them there. This made the cattle market in Kleinlangheim, the largest in Franconia , superfluous. At the end of the First World War , Catholics came to Kleinlangheim again. The synagogue was destroyed during the pogroms on November 9, 1938.

In 1978 Kleinlangheim became a member of the Großlangheim administrative community based in Großlangheim.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1972, the previously independent community Atzhausen was incorporated. On January 1, 1978, the previously independent community of Haidt was incorporated.

Population development

year	1834	1865	1868	1900	1925	1950	1961	1970	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	1239	1254	1293	1408	1279	1806	1432	1462	1507	1680	1717	1683	1614	1734

Source of the figures without individual reference: Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing

religion

• Evangelical Lutheran parish
• Catholic parish

politics

Town hall with arcade

Market council

The market town council (excluding the mayor) has twelve members. The local elections on March 15, 2020 resulted in the following distribution of mandates:

• CSU 5 seats (39.93%)
• Citizens' Association / Free Voters 5 seats (46.55%)
• Atzhausen citizen block 2 seats (13.52%).

Compared to the term of office from 2014 to 2020, the CSU and citizens' association / free voters remained unchanged; The Atzhausen civic bloc was able to win a mandate that the SPD , which was no longer running, had previously held.

mayor

• 1st Mayor : Gerlinde Stier since May 1, 2014; re-elected in 2020 with 88.3% of the vote.
• 2nd Mayor: Dieter Zeller

coat of arms

Blazon : “Divided; above square of silver and black, below in red on a green ground on the right a green deciduous tree, on the left a striding silver lamb. "

Foundation of the coat of arms: Kleinlangheim came in 1283 through a pledge to the Zollerischen burgraves of Nuremberg and later margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach. The market remained under this rule until 1791. The first surviving impressions of a market seal date from 1558. The crossing of silver and black in the upper half of the coat of arms is the main coat of arms of the Hohenzollern family. The sheep in the lower half of the coat of arms is probably an indication of a shepherd's right granted by Margrave Johann von Brandenburg in 1441. The tree did not appear in the coat of arms until the 19th century and the lower half of the shield was depicted in silver. Hupp has depicted the lower half of the coat of arms in gold. The municipality has the lower half of its coat of arms in red. The House of Bavarian History continues to describe the color with gold. The tree is likely to be an indication of the fruit growing in the market area and the associated distilling rights. The use of the coat of arms is documented by the use of seals since 1558.

Culture and sights

Rathausplatz with access to the fortified church, community center and town hall

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Kleinlangheim

Attractions

town hall

→ Main article : New Town Hall (Kleinlangheim)

Above the door in the portico of today's town hall is the year 1558 as the year of construction. The arcade supported by seven columns was created when the town hall was rebuilt and widened in the 17th century. It served as a market and weighing area as well as a court. Before the construction of the town hall, they met in the gatehouse of the fortified church.

The restored boardroom contains an old cast iron stove from 1717 and two paintings depicting a wedding ladder and a bride and groom. All wear 16th century clothing.

Fortified church

→ Main article : Fortified church in Kleinlangheim

The church was originally surrounded by the cemetery. In the 12th century the church and cemetery were fortified with strong, high walls. Finally, the walling was expanded into a fortified church .

The community of Kleinlangheim and the association are trying to renovate and preserve the remains of the fortified church.

graveyard

Cemetery chapel from 1734

The settlement history of the Elbe Germans from 50 BC. Can be seen from the fire pit cemetery with over 200 fire pits on the east side of the Gründleinbach.

When the Franks settled in what is now Lower Franconia in the 6th century , body burial became common. The dead were placed side by side in the earth on the edge of the settlements so that the head was facing west and the feet facing east. Remnants of such row grave fields , which are widespread throughout the Franconian settlement area, are mostly found in places ending with -heim and point to the Franconian period. Those in Kleinlangheim were discovered during archaeological excavations. With the adoption of the Christian faith at the turn of the 5th to the 6th century, the end of the occupation of the burial ground in the 7th century was connected.

As in the surrounding communities, people in Kleinlangheim were initially buried around the church. After the Reformation , the cemetery was moved to the outskirts in 1577. The cemetery chapel was not built until 1734. The year mentioned and the builder, Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Seckendorff , are recorded in the inscription under the gable of the west portal. The corners of the hall are rounded. There is no choir . On the hipped roof there is a ridge turret with a lantern and a dome.

The memorial on the street side of the chapel commemorates those who died in the world wars.

Former train station

Kleinlangheim was on the Kitzingen – Schweinfurt branch line , which was closed.

St. Hedwig

Catholic Church of St. Hedwig

→ Main article : St. Hedwig (Kleinlangheim)

After the Second World War , the number of Catholics soared with the expellees from Silesia and the Sudetenland . Therefore the construction of a separate house of God was planned. Finally, the foundation stone was laid in July 1963 and the inauguration celebrated on June 20, 1964. St. Hedwig was elected as patroness . The saint was brought up in Kitzingen, was later Duchess of Silesia and made the connection to the old homeland.

St. Hedwig welcomes visitors at the entrance. The creator of this work of art is Valentin Lucius Glanzner from Wiesentheid. The altar wall was painted in 1964 by Rudolf Heinisch from Frankfurt.

theatre

• The amateur playgroup plays on two evenings every year at the Kirchenburg Festival
• The women's cabaret Lila Kleinlangheimer, a cabaret group consisting of three women, is no longer active.

Museums

• Private museum in the fortified church

music

• Gesangverein 1910 Kleinlangheim with male , female and mixed choir
• Trumpet Choir Kleinlangheim

Sports

• VfL Association for Physical Exercise Kleinlangheim
• Schützengilde Kleinlangheim 1490 e. V.
• Arrow 1908 cycling club
• Riding and driving club Atzhausen

Regular events

• Spring awakening (market) in early March in the fortified church
• The Kleinlangheim Wine Festival takes place every year on the 3rd weekend in June. In the open air, wine and other culinary delicacies are served with traditional and modern music.
• Kirchenburgfest
• The autumn market takes place every year on October 3rd. Local agricultural products are offered.
• The parish fair, traditionally organized by the village youth, takes place every year on the first weekend in November and consists of an excavation, parade parade, parish sermon and parish newspaper.
• The Christmas market takes place every year on the second Sunday in Advent at the historic fortified church. The local associations offer handcrafted culinary and homemade products.

legend

The wild army

Similar to the neighboring villages of Feuerbach and Nordheim am Main, there are also legends in Nordheim about the Wild Army, which is said to ride with the storm wind between Christmas and Epiphany.

In Kleinlangheim the legend arose that the leader of the Wild Army, called Herrla Huh, from the dolmens northeast rises in the small Langheimer Gemeindeholz the village. He gathers his army there and pulls over the tops of the trees that break . The wild army is also said to often frighten people and animals. The saying passed down in Kleinlangheim, which is used during thunderstorms: “Kinner, close the shops, then Herrla Huh drives outside”.

See also : Wildes-Heer-Sage in Feuerbach  and Wildes-Heer-Sage in Nordheim am Main

The plague bird

Similar to the neighboring Abtswind, there is also a legend in Kleinlangheim about the so-called plague bird.

When the so-called Swedish War struck the village, the plague also came to Kleinlangheim. At that time the place died out except for 48 people. Every day those who remained met in the village square in front of the fountain and counted how many were left. A little bird appeared on the tree next to the well and twittered to the people: "Eat Bibernell , you won't die!" The rest of the people were miraculously spared the plague.

See also : Pestvogel legend in Abtswind

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture

Kleinlangheim is now a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a vineyard around the village; the wine has been marketed under the name of Kleinlangheimer Wutschenberg since the 1970s. Kleinlangheim is part of the Schwanberger Land area, until 2017 the winemakers were grouped together in the Steigerwald area. The Keuperböden around Kleinlangheim are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

The people around Kleinlangheim have been growing wine since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. Viticulture in Kleinlangheim was first mentioned in documents in 1455. In the Middle Ages, the region belonged to the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . In 1914 the parish chronicle reports that there have been "no grape harvests worth mentioning in any way for 6-7 years (...)". The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s. The most striking feature of the revitalized viticulture is the Kleinlangheim wine festival in mid-June.

Vineyard	Size 1993	Size 2019	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Wutschenberg	5 ha	5 ha	south	10-15%	Silvaner , Müller-Thurgau	Rödelsee Castle Hill

traffic

Road traffic

The following national roads can be reached via the district road between Kitzingen Großlangheim Kleinlangheim Feuerbach Wiesentheid and Rüdenhausen:

• Bundesstrasse 8
• Bundesstrasse 22
• Bundesstrasse 286
• Bundesautobahn 3 , Europastraße E45, exit 74 Kitzingen Schwarzach and exit 75 Wiesentheid. The Haidt motorway service station is located in the Kleinlangheim area.
• Bundesautobahn 7 , Europastraße E43, exit 103 Kitzingen Biebelried

Kitzingen-Schweinfurt railway line

At the end of the 19th century, Kleinlangheim was connected to the Bavarian railway network. In 1893 the Kitzingen- Gerolzhofen section of the so-called Steigerwaldbahn (also Lower Steigerwaldbahn) was completed, and Kleinlangheim was equipped with a stop. The branch line connected from 1903 Kitzingen with the Schweinfurt Hauptbahnhof and was one of the longer branch lines in Germany.

Traffic on the route began to be reduced in the 1980s. In 1981 only passenger buses drove between Gerolzhofen and Kitzingen, freight traffic was given up in mid-2006. For a long time there have been initiatives to reactivate passenger traffic on the disused route. At the beginning of 2019 a fierce dispute broke out over the design of the restart, which has continued to this day, which became a political issue .

education

• Protestant kindergarten Noah's Ark (three groups)
• Elementary school . The partial main school no longer exists since the school year 2008/2009. Some school classes at the Nikolaus-Fey-Grundschule Wiesentheid use rooms at the school in Kleinlangheim.

Christian Beyer, epitaph in the Protestant parish church of St. Georg and Maria in Kleinlangheim

sons and daughters of the town

• Nikolaus Esper , grandfather of the Archbishop of Uppsala Olaus Esper , who was the educator and adviser of the young future King Gustav Adolf and later his friend
• Christian Beyer (around 1482–1535), Saxon Chancellor, Mayor of Wittenberg and friend of Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon
• Lorenz Löhl (1572–1634), pastor in Ansbach , writer , general superintendent in the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach
• August Friedrich Crämer , founder of the small German town of Frankenmuth in the USA
• Johann Carl Crämer , father of the German railway network
• Knight Carl von Crämer (1818–1902), German entrepreneur and politician
• Friedrich Wilhelm Grell (1866–), writer and composer
• Sophie Sondhelm (1887–1944), nurse and home manager, escape assistant during the Nazi era , murdered in Auschwitz

literature

• Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
• Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
• Reinhard Hüßner: plums, cattle markets and two town halls. Small characteristic of the village of Kleinlangheim . In: Under the spell of the Schwanberg. Yearbook for the district of Kitzingen 2010 . Kitzingen 2010. pp. 185-208.
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann: The Steigerwald in the past. A contribution to Franconian cultural studies . Gerolzhofen ² 1909.
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann, Karl Spiegel: Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald. Reprint of the 1912 edition . Neustadt an der Aisch 1982.
• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Kleinlankheim . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 3 : I-Ne . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1801, DNB  790364301 , OCLC 833753092 , Sp. 156–157 ( digitized version ).
• Gottfried Stieber: Kleinlanckheim . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 524-527 ( digitized version ).
• Gottfried Stieber: Stephansberg . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 789-792 ( digitized version ).
• Theophil Steinbrenner, Gerhard Wahler, Auguste Steinberger, Felix von Fokczynski (eds.): Intermediate lights. Traditional stories from the old county of Castell . Albertshofen² 1979.

Web links

Commons : Kleinlangheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on the coat of arms of Kleinlangheim  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Kleinlangheim: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Kleinlangheim. Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online, accessed on March 31, 2015 . 
3. ^ Frank Siegmund, Alemannen und Franken , Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2000. ISBN 3-11-016788-3
4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 472 .
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 748 .
6. ↑ W. Haberstumpf: The new church administrations according to the law of July 1, 1834 or instructions for the election, property briefing, the sphere of activity and course of business of the church administrations on the basis of the existing laws, ordinances and instructions: according to official Edit sources Ed .: W. Haberstumpf. Pössenbacher, Munich 1834, p. 24 ( online [accessed July 28, 2013]).
7. ↑ Valentin Grübel: Official and address manual for the k. bayer. Administrative district of Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg: edited from official sources . Ed .: Valentin Grübel. Self-rel. d. Author, Würzburg 1865, p. 36 ( online [accessed October 9, 2013]).
8. ↑ Joseph Heyberger, Arthur von Ramberg, Michael Friedrich Heil (eds.): Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Cotta, Munich 1868, p. 1175–1176 ( online [accessed October 8, 2013]).
9. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (ed.): Statistics communal 2012 . A selection of important statistical data for the Kleinlangheim market. Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing, Munich 2013 ( online [PDF; accessed on October 10, 2013]).
10. ↑ Results of the 2020 election , accessed on June 27, 2020
11. ^ Bauer, Hans: Old and new coats of arms in the district of Kitzingen . P. 60.
12. ↑ Hans Bauer: The Kitzinger Land . 1st edition. tape 1 . HartDruck GmbH, Volkach 2004, ISBN 3-930840-12-X , p. 99 .
13. ^ Christian Pescheck: New finds and excavations in Lower Franconia . In: Andreas Pampuch (Hrsg.): Heimatpflege in Unterfranken . tape VI . HartDruck, Volkach 1964, p. 28 .
14. ↑ Dr. Kurt Andermann: Franconia . In: Jesko Graf zu Dohna (Ed.): In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Vier Türme GmbH, Benedict Press, Münsterschwarzach 2004, p. 84 .
15. ↑ Alexander Graf zu Castell: In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Ed .: Jesko Graf zu Dohna. Vier Türme GmbH, Benedict Press, Münsterschwarzach 2004.
16. ^ Petro Müller: St Jakobus Großlangheim and St. Hedwig Kleinlangheim . Ed .: Catholic Parish Office St. Jakobus Großlangheim. KUNSTSCHÄTZEVERLAG, Gerchsheim 2001.
17. ↑ Steinbrenner, Theophil (ed. And others): Zwischenlichten . P. 92.
18. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig (among others): Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald . P. 250.
19. ↑ Hüßner, Reinhard: prunes, cattle markets and two town halls . P. 187.
20. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
21. ↑ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area ( Memento of the original from July 28, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , PDF file, accessed May 16, 2019. 
22. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.
23. ↑ mainpost.de: By train through the inner city of Schweinfurt, August 2, 2019. Accessed on January 19, 2020 . 
24. ↑ mainpost.de: IHK: Steigerwaldbahn would strengthen the region, July 20, 2018. Accessed on January 20, 2020 . 
25. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig: The Steigerwald in the past . P. 200.