Prichsenstadt

This article deals with the political community of Prichsenstadt in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen. For information on the main town see Prichsenstadt (Prichsenstadt) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 49 '  N , 10 ° 21'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Kitzingen
Height :	248 m above sea level NHN
Area :	48.86 km 2
Residents:	3058 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	63 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97357
Primaries :	09383, 09382
License plate :	KT
Community key :	09 6 75 158
City structure:	11 districts with 18 parish parts
City administration address :	Karlsplatz 5 97357 Prichsenstadt
Website :	www.prichsenstadt.de
Mayor :	René Schlehr (CSU)
Location of the city of Prichsenstadt in the Kitzingen district

Prichsenstadt is a town in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen .

geography

Geographical location

Prichsenstadt ( East Franconian Brieschdi ) is located in the Franconian wine country between the Main and Steigerwald . The Schwarzach flows through the districts of Bimbach, Brünnau, Neuses am Sand, Stadelschwarzach and Laub . The Altbach and the Beibach flow through the city

City structure

The districts of the city of Prichsenstadt

Prichsenstadt has eleven districts with 18 districts:

Gmkg- Schl	District	Area ha	Inhabitants 11/1/2007	District (s)
1130	Prichsenstadt	642.73	949	Prichsenstadt, Lohmühle , Schnaudersmühle , Wiesenmühle
1132	Altenschönbach	562.41	390	Altenschönbach, Lochmühle
1117	Bimbach	279.65	163	Bimbach, Erhardsmühle
1115	Brno	299.50	200	Brünnau, Stolzenmühle
1145	Rudders	634.14	12	Rüdern, Ilmbach
1114	Järkendorf	338.42	112	Järkendorf
1131	Kirchschönbach	443.90	377	Kirchschönbach
1128	leaves	575.54	268	leaves
1118	Neudorf	209.49	118	Neudorf
1116	New on the sand	300.97	127	New on the sand
1129	Stadelschwarzach	599.64	525	Stadelschwarzach
	City of Prichsenstadt	4886.39	3251	9 districts

All districts with the exception of Rüdern used to be independent communities. Rüdern was largely resettled in 1870 and incorporated into Kirchschönbach. Kirchschönbach (including Rüdern) and the eight other municipalities were incorporated into Prichsenstadt in 1972 as part of the regional reform in Bavaria .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise) Oberschwarzach , Geiselwind , Wiesentheid , Volkach and Lülsfeld .

history

West gate

Until the 19th century

Prichsenstadt is mentioned for the first time in a document from the Counts of Castell in 1258, when the Counts gave it to the knight Heinrich von 'Briesendorf' as a chamberlain. The knights sat at the Prichsenstadt Castle . In 1367 Prichsenstadt received city rights from Emperor Charles IV . It then passed into the possession of his son, King Wenceslaus of Bohemia. After some disputes, the place came into the possession of the burgraves of Nuremberg and thus later to the margraves of Brandenburg. The city was exposed to severe destruction several times: in 1492 by the Würzburg bishop Johann III. von Grumbach and in 1632 by imperial troops from the Wallensteins camp as well as in the following years by wandering pillaging groups. In 1803 Prichsenstadt came from the Principality of Ansbach , which had become Prussian in 1792 and which was part of the Franconian Empire from 1500 , to the Electorate of Bavaria .

Jewish communities

Jewish families had lived in the village since at least the 19th century, forming a Jewish community and building their synagogue and schoolhouse in Freihofgasse 2 . Both buildings were devastated by SA men during the November pogrom in 1938 and have been used for other purposes since then. On the cemetery wall, a memorial plaque commemorates this event and the persecution and extermination of the Jewish inhabitants in the Shoah . In addition to the Jewish community in Prichsenstadt, there were cultural communities in today's districts of Altenschönbach , Brünnau , Järkendorf and Kirchschönbach .

See also : List of stumbling blocks in Prichsenstadt

Desolations and incorporations

In the 15th century the village of Kleinschönbach was abandoned and the residents moved to the fortified Prichsenstadt. Until the municipal reform , Prichsenstadt belonged to the district of Gerolzhofen . This was dissolved on July 1, 1972 and the previously independent communities Altenschönbach, Bimbach, Brünnau, Järkendorf, Kirchschönbach, Laub, Neudorf, Neuses am Sand and Stadelschwarzach were incorporated into Prichsenstadt.

politics

Municipal council

The city council has 16 members. Since the local elections on March 16, 2014, it has been composed as follows:

Party / list	Seats	Share of votes
CSU	7th	40.0%
SPD	3	19.1%
Stadelschwarzacher list of places	2	14.6%
Free community of citizens	4th	26.3%

mayor

René Schlehr (CSU) has been the first mayor since the 2014 local elections. He was elected with 53.4% ​​of the valid votes and confirmed in office on March 15, 2020 with 55.2% for a further six years. Qua office he is an additional member of the municipal council.

coat of arms

Blazon : “Split between blue and red; in front a silver tower with a broad silver roof, behind a double-tailed, silver-crowned and silver-armored silver lion, who places the front paws on the tower. "

Justification of the coat of arms: The representation of the tower and the lion appears in the earliest known seals, which were used in the 14th century. The lion is probably the bohemian one, the tower stands for city rights. The city received city rights in 1367 from the King of Bohemia. The coat of arms remained unchanged until 1818, the lion was removed in 1818. On May 21, 1837, however, the old coat of arms was re-adopted after a decree by King Ludwig I of Bavaria . According to Bauer, however, the red tinging refers to the entire coat of arms, the color blue only appears on the roof of the tower.

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Prichsenstadt

In the city of Prichsenstadt and its districts, a large number of architectural monuments have survived today, which come from almost all art epochs since the Middle Ages . Naturally, most of these monuments can be found in the core city itself. In all of the larger villages in the area, there are also castles and fortresses that point to the former splintering of the region. The different construction conditions of the village churches, on the other hand, indicate the centuries-long denominational division of the Steigerwald foreland.

Medieval old town

The former Freihof in the city center

Prichsenstadt itself has an almost completely preserved medieval old town, which was first surrounded by fortifications in the 15th century. The city, which adopted the Protestant faith in the 16th century at the latest, was located in the middle of the Catholic monastery of Würzburg and was therefore often exposed to attacks from its larger neighbor. Most of the building stock goes back to the time after the Thirty Years War . The old town of Prichsenstadt is placed under special protection as an ensemble.

→ See also: Old Town (Prichsenstadt)

Individual, striking and important buildings were also protected by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation. The Evangelical Lutheran Sixtus Church forms one of the focal points of the small town. The church rose together with the congregation to become a parish church . Today's construction goes back largely to the 18th century. Inside, elements of the so-called margrave style predominate with a staggered altar and organ . The pulpit from the Renaissance period is particularly valuable.

→ See also: Evangelical Church (Prichsenstadt)

The secular counterparts to the parish church are the town hall and the so-called Freihof. The three-story town hall with its half-timbered upper floors dates back to the end of the 17th century. The Freihof, on the other hand, represents the last remnant of the former official palace of the Margraves of Ansbach . With its stepped gable and the embossed entrance portal , it presents itself as a typical building of the Renaissance.

→ See also: Freihof (Prichsenstadt)

During the Middle Ages , the city ​​was surrounded by fortifications that are still largely preserved today. The so-called Vorstadttor with its two wide round towers and the city tower, which separated the former “inner city” from the “suburb”, are particularly impressive. Around the old town are the 16th century cemetery and the Catholic branch church of St. Thekla and St. Lioba. An outer pulpit has been preserved in the cemetery , which is particularly typical of the Kitzinger Land.

→ See also: Friedhof (Prichsenstadt) and St. Thekla and St. Lioba (Prichsenstadt)

Districts

The districts of Prichsenstadt also have monuments that document their centuries of independent development. The village of Laub in particular has a number of structural features. The Würzburg Citizens Hospital ruled here for centuries and ensured that residents were exempt from taxes. The Catholic Nikolauskirche with its small roof turret has an early Gothic sculpture called the Lauber Madonna , which is one of the most important of its kind. → see also: St. Nikolaus (leaves) and Lauber Madonna

In Altenschönbach, however, the Reformation was introduced in the 16th century . The village lords, for a long time the lords of Crailsheim , increased their influence over the subjects. Places of worship for men were created in the small village church of St. Mary. In 1596 a large epitaph was erected for the late Georg Wolfgang von Crailsheim. The ceiling of the church has been covered by a coat of arms since the beginning of the 17th century. Here you can find a colorful ancestral sample of the Crailsheimers.

→ See also: St. Marien (Altenschönbach)

The territorial fragmentation also ensured the establishment of representative mansions in smaller villages. The Fuchs von Dornheim zu Bimbach had a mighty, two-wing renaissance castle built in the village. The Jagdschloss Ilmbach, on the other hand, is much younger. It was built in the 19th century by the Catholic von Schönborn family instead of an abandoned Carthusian monastery as a summer residence. Most of the castles in the municipality are still inhabited today.

→ See also: Bimbach Castle and Ilmbach Castle

• 

  The St. Sixtus Church in Prichsenstadt

• 

  The Prichsenstadt town hall

• 

  The suburban gate

• 

  The Lauber Madonna

• 

  St. Marien in Altenschönbach

• 

  The castle in Bimbach

• 

  The Ilmbach hunting lodge

Say

In several Prichsenstadt districts, legends and oral narratives have been handed down to this day , most of which were first recorded in writing in the 19th and 20th centuries. However, there is a clear separation between the predominantly Catholic places and the Protestant communities. The Lutheran village and town lords tried to forbid the supposedly superstitious stories. Prichsenstadt itself is an exception.

Probably the most powerful saga from the large community is about the so-called gold owl. The barn owl made a citizen of Prichsenstadt rich by laying gold ducats instead of eggs. But the man was afraid of the owl's power and wanted to get rid of it. All attempts failed and finally the man was killed by the owl. The owl gave its name to the “Prichsenstädter Eulenspiegel”, which was published in the 21st century as an anthology of local historical articles.

The main Franconian landscape and its special features are related to other legends. The Gallows Sea legend, which is also told in Prichsenstadt, is about a magical body of water around which hikers were misled. Similar legends were also told in Järkendorf. This is how the name of the corridor location "Teufel" was explained with the appearance of the real Beelzebub . The origin of the forest department “gold mine” was also interpreted with a legend .

The most famous legend of Prichsenstadt, however, is the so-called He-he. Stories about this legendary figure are told between Kirchschönbach, Rüdern and Wiesentheid-Untersambach. He is described as a perjured farmer or a rider without a head , and the figure was also imagined as a large, black dog. The He-he caused destruction and confused hikers in the forests around Ilmbach.

Economy and Infrastructure

An industrial area is planned in the east of the city (in the immediate vicinity of the B 286 ). Retailers, tradesmen and some service providers will be represented there.

The Mero company (tubular steel modular system) has its production facility in Prichsenstadt. There is a branch of the Raiffeisenbank Volkacher Mainschleife - Wiesentheid in the city .

Viticulture

Prichsenstadt is today a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a large vineyard around the city, the wine has been marketed under the name Prichsenstädter Krone since the 1970s. Prichsenstadt is part of the Steigerwald wine panorama area , until 2017 the winemakers were grouped together in the Steigerwald area. The Keuperböden around Prichsenstadt are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

The people around Prichsenstadt have been growing wine since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The vine was first mentioned in Prichsenstadt in 1414, when there was talk of a "morning vineyard". The Prichsenstädter mostly operated part-time viticulture in subsistence farming , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . Around 1900 there were no more vineyards in Prichsenstadt. The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.

For the first time, a grape harvest was held in Prichsenstadt in 1954 , but it was not until the 1970s that viticulture was resumed in the town on a larger scale. Today the vineyard landscape around the city is one of the cornerstones for tourism. They offer tours of the vineyards for guests. The focus of the new viticulture culture is, however, the wine festival , which has been celebrated in the old town for over 40 years at the end of June.

Vineyard	Size 1993	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Crown	18 ha	south	15-20%	Müller-Thurgau , Ortega	large-scale free

traffic

The municipality of Prichsenstadt is crossed by two federal roads:

• The B 22 opens up the districts of Laub, Stadelschwarzach, Neuses am Sand, Bimbach and Neudorf.
• The B 286 has an exit in Neuses am Sand, at the intersection with the B 22. The B 286 takes about 10 minutes to get to the federal motorway 3 (AS Wiesentheid ) in the south .

The Kitzingen – Schweinfurt railway , which touched the districts of Järkendorf, Stadelschwarzach and Prichsenstadt, is no longer used. Even special trips (e.g. by the Steigerwald Express development association) are no longer carried out. Freight traffic has been suspended since 2006. The reactivation of the railway is now being discussed controversially.

The Franconian Marienweg runs through Prichsenstadt .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Johann Lochner († 1484), first provost of St. Sebald in Nuremberg, envoy in Rome
• Siegmund von Prüstat (15th century), astrologer in Cologne
• Nicolaus Creusel (1627–1676), legal scholar
• Johann Heinrich Schulin (* 1692; † 1775), dean, parish priest in Gunzenhausen, writer
• Johann Sigismund Schulin (born August 18, 1694 in Prichsenstadt, † April 13, 1750 in Lyngby, Denmark), German-Danish diplomat and foreign minister
• Ludwig Fuchs von Bimbach and Dornheim (born December 30, 1833 in Bimbach, † December 22, 1900 in Landshut), German administrative officer and district president of Lower Bavaria
• Stephan Karl Stengel (* 1836; † 1901), Benedictine, professor of physics and mathematics, conservator of the Augsburg observatory
• Johann Sebastian Hörlein (born March 17, 1871 in Brünnau, † August 30, 1908 in Plainland, Queensland , Australia), missionary
• Friedrich Funk (born October 3, 1900 in Neuses am Sand, † August 5, 1963), German politician ( CSU ), Member of the Bundestag
• Volker Honemann (born September 19, 1943 in Stadelschwarzach; † January 28, 2017), historian
• Michael Glos (born December 14, 1944 in Brünnau), German politician ( CSU ), Member of the Bundestag

Connected with Prichsenstadt

• Christian Rummel (1787–1849), born in Gollachostheim , grew up in Prichsenstadt, music teacher, composer, musician

literature

• Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
• Johann Arnholdt: Chronicle of the town of Prichsenstadt. Made in 1929, supplemented in 1930–1938. mach . Prichsenstadt 1938
• Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Prichsenstadt . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 4 : Ni-R . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1801, DNB  790364301 , OCLC 833753101 , Sp. 398 ( digitized version ).
• Jesko Graf zu Dohna (Ed.): In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Vier Türme GmbH, Benedict Press, Münsterschwarzach 2004, p. 136-139 .
• Gottfried Stieber: Prichsenstatt . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 631-638 ( digitized version ).
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann: The Steigerwald in the past. A contribution to Franconian cultural studies . Gerolzhofen ² 1909.
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann, Karl Spiegel: Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald. Reprint of the 1912 edition . Neustadt an der Aisch 1982.
• Karl-Heinz Leibl: Viticulture in the large municipality of Prichsenstadt (= Prichsenstädter Eulenspiegel 12) . Prichsenstadt 2016.
• Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 1987.

Web links

Commons : Prichsenstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Prichsenstadt in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Official website of the city
• Entry on the coat of arms of Prichsenstadt  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Prichsenstadt: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ full & mode = automat & tempus = + 20111114/171800 & attr = OBJ & val = 1667
3. ↑ Numbers and facts ( Memento of the original from February 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Here Kirchschönbach is only noted including Riedern with 389 inhabitants. According to the 1987 census, the area is estimated to be 12 
4. ↑ Data from the history of Prichsenstadt ( Memento of the original from February 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Jesko Graf zu Dohna (Ed.): In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Vier Türme GmbH, Benedict Press, Münsterschwarzach 2004, p. 136 .
6. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education , Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 184
7. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 472 .
8. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics
9. ^ House of Bavarian History: Prichsenstadt coat of arms , accessed on July 5, 2019.
10. ↑ Ambrosi, Hans (and others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
11. ^ Leibl, Karl-Heinz: Viticulture in the large community of Prichsenstadt . P. 8 f.
12. ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
13. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.
14. ↑ mainpost.de: By train through the inner city of Schweinfurt, August 2, 2019. Accessed on January 19, 2020 . 
15. ↑ mainpost.de: IHK: Steigerwaldbahn would strengthen the region, July 20, 2018. Accessed on January 20, 2020 . 
16. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig: The Steigerwald in the past . P. 205.