Crailsheim (noble family)
Crailsheim (also Creilsheim ) is the name of a Franconian nobility family with the headquarters of the same name in the Jagstkreis .
history
origin
The family first appeared in a document in 1221 with Walter von Croelsheim and 1232 with Heinrich von Crowelsheim . The secure line of tribe begins in 1288 with the knight Albrecht von Croevelsheim .
The ancestral seat of the family was the former Brandenburg-Ansbach town of Crailsheim in Hohenloher Land in what is now northeast Baden-Württemberg. This has its origin in a Franconian settlement from the 7th century near a Jagstüberganges. The first documentary mention of Crailsheim dates from 1136 as "Cröwelsheim", later "Krawelsheim". The place was presumably ruled by the lords of Lohr and von Flügelau , whose castles were nearby. After their extinction, it came to the Counts of Oettingen . After the imperial ban was imposed on the Count of Oettingen, Crailsheim was drafted as an imperial fief in 1310 and handed over to the noble lords of Hohenlohe four years later . In 1316 Crailsheim received market rights and in 1338 city rights. The Lords of Crailsheim presumably sat as ministerials of the respective city lords at Crailsheim Castle , which was destroyed by the imperial cities during a siege of the city between 1379 and 1380.
From the beginning of the imperial knighthood to the end of the Holy Roman Empire , the Lords of Crailsheim belonged to the Franconian knight circle .
Distribution and Possession
Because of various possessions, including in Hornberg , the Morstein lordship , parts of Hengstfeld , Gaggstatt , Dünsbach and Brachbach, they were members of the knightly canton of Odenwald . Because of Fröhstockheim , Walsdorf , Neuhaus and Altenschönbach , they were enrolled in the knightly canton of Steigerwald and with possessions of parts of the rulership of Rügland , Sommersdorf , Thann and Rosenberg in the knightly canton of Altmühl . In 1806 the possessions fell to the kingdoms of Bavaria and Württemberg . In 1821 the Upper Bavarian castle Amerang came to the family through marriage .
Hornberg Castle an der Jagst , owned by the family since 1354
Morstein Castle , owned since the middle of the 14th century
Fröhstockheim Castle , owned since 1543
Sommersdorf Castle , owned since 1550
Rügland Castle , owned since 1584
Amerang Castle , owned since 1821
Status surveys
In the years 1700 and 1713 the family received the imperial baron status . The Royal Bavarian State Minister and Prime Minister, Minister of the Royal House and Foreign Minister Friedrich August Krafft Freiherr von Crailsheim (1841–1926), was raised to the rank of count on the occasion of the eighty-year birthday of Prince Regent Luitpold on March 12, 1901 .
Branches of the family still exist today.
Well-known namesake
- Carola von Crailsheim (1895–1982), German writer
- Eduard von Crailsheim (1865–1915), Bavarian major general
- Friedrich Krafft von Crailsheim (1841–1926), Bavarian State Minister and Prime Minister
- Hanns-Jürgen von Crailsheim (* 1932), formerly President of the Bavarian Administration of State Palaces, Gardens and Lakes
- Johann von Creilsheim (1767–1821), Prussian major general
coat of arms
Family coat of arms
The family coat of arms shows a golden bar in black . On the helmet, between two buffalo horns labeled like the shield , is a red cushion with gold tassels standing on the edge. The helmet covers are black and gold.
Older seals only show the pillow on a short shaft as a helmet ornament .
Historical coats of arms
Coat of arms from Siebmacher's coat of arms book
Coat of arms from Scheibler's book of arms
Order of the Order of the Red Eagle for Julius Dietrich Baron von Crailsheim (June 7, 1664 to December 30, 1747) in the Church of St. Georgen ( Bayreuth )
Coat of arms
Elements from the coat of arms of the Crailsheim family still appear today in some of the Middle and Upper Franconian local coats of arms.
Coat of arms of the municipality of Burgoberbach
Coat of arms of the municipality of Rügland
Coat of arms of the municipality of Walsdorf
literature
- Sigmund Friedrich von Crailsheim: The imperial barons of Crailsheim. Straub, Munich 1905. ( digitized version )
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume II. Volume 58 of the complete series. CA Starke Publishing House. Limburg (Lahn) 1974. ISSN 0435-2408 .
- Otto Hupp : Munich calendar 1903. Munich / Regensburg publishing house 1903.
- Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 . P. 124.
- Wolfgang Wüst : Crailsheim under the Hohenzollern in the imperial circle - the Crailsheimer in the knight circle. A Franconian region and its macro-historical reference field. In: Journal for Württemberg State History. Volume 63 (2004). Pp. 39-66.