Foliage (Prichsenstadt)

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leaves
City of Prichsenstadt
Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 31 ″  N , 10 ° 19 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 217 m
Residents : 268
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 97357
Area code : 09383
map
Location of foliage (bold) in the Prichsenstadt municipality
Image of foliage

Laub is a village with 268 inhabitants and has been a district of Prichsenstadt ( district of Kitzingen , Lower Franconia , Bavaria ) since 1972 .

Geographical location

Laub is located in the west of the Prichsenstadt municipality on the Schwarzach tributary of the Main . In the north begins the district of Prichsenstadt Stadelschwarzach , which is connected with foliage by the federal road 22 . The west is taken by Prichsenstadt, the state road 2260 connects the two places. In the south, the area of ​​the Wiesentheid market begins with the Michelheidewald, which belongs to the Reupelsdorf district. Reupelsdorf is located in the southwest. Further west are the districts of Dimbach and Eichfeld in the city of Volkach .

In terms of nature, the foliage and its area are part of the so-called Steigerwald foreland of Neuses . Characteristic for this part of the Iphofen-Gerolzhofener Steigerwaldvorland is the hilly appearance with the narrow valleys of small streams.

The Franconian Marienweg runs through the village .

history

Castell and Schwarzach (until 1339/1340)

In the district of Laub several cremation graves from the Hallstatt period were discovered , which were also documented during the Latène period . In the extreme southwest of the Lauber Fluren there was a settlement from the Bronze Age . The present village is probably a rather late foundation. It was first mentioned in 1230 as "Loube". The place name is derived from the geographical conditions in the area and refers to a deciduous forest .

On January 18, 1230, the place appeared in a document from the prince-bishops of Würzburg . At that time, Count Rupert II zu Castell had to forego a large part of his bailiwicks after a lost feud; the beneficiary was Bishop Hermann I of Lobdeburg . Laub came to the Würzburg monastery together with Kirchschönbach , Reupelsdorf , Eichfeld , Astheim , Volkach and other places. On June 23, 1306, Bishop Andreas von Gundelfingen handed over the bailiwick of the "Laube" to the Münsterschwarzach Abbey.

The Counts of Castell came to influence again in Laub around 1314, however, when Gottfried III. von Würzburg handed over the Vogtei as a fiefdom to Castell. At the same time, the Teufel family, who acted as great benefactors for the Ebrach monastery , began to buy goods there. In 1326, the ownership of the Schwarzach monastery was confirmed in the village. On September 16, 1339, the abbey finally sold the place to the Teufel family for 1,340 pounds of Heller. On April 6, 1340, the donors handed over their village of Laub to the Würzburg Citizens' Hospital as the largest donation.

The Würzburg Citizens Hospital (until 1804/1807)

The foundation was tasked with caring for a total of twelve sick people from the income from the village and never dividing the village. In the event of a violation, leaves should fall back to the Benedictine monastery in Münsterschwarzach. The Bürgerspital set about rounding off the newly acquired property and in 1386 bought a farm belonging to the Lords of Seinsheim . After the goods of Hartmut Fuchs von Dornheim and Bimbach had also been acquired in 1392 , Laub was completely under the rule of the citizens' hospital.

The Bürgerspital in Würzburg

The village had had a special position in the immediate and wider area since 1376, as the bishop of Würzburg had promised the citizen hospital that all taxes would be waived forever, so that the Lauber did not have to pay any taxes and there was no serfdom there. At the same time, Würzburg renounced any sovereign rights in the place. This promise repeatedly caused problems, for example in 1485/1486 Würzburg demanded taxes from his hospital that were never paid.

In the 16th century it was planned to collect a Turkish tax in order to be able to repel the advance of the Ottomans. The tax collectors in Laub used force. The City Council of Würzburg protested and the tax was withdrawn. The citizens' hospital built an office building in Laub in the 16th century to demonstrate its power. At the same time, Lutheranism spread in the place, so that the counter-reformation of Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn was forced in Laub . Until 1692 the place was again purely Catholic.

During the Thirty Years' War Laub suffered particularly from looting and drafts. Many residents fled into the forests of the Steigerwald , so that large parts of the place lay desolate. The hospital urged its subjects to return and offered a tithe exemption as an incentive after the tax exemption was partially lifted during the war. Not until 1666 did they return to tax exemption.

In 1680, Prince Bishop Peter Philipp von Dernbach received an offer from the Bürgerspital. The landlord wanted to buy the village of Laub because it was close to Wiesentheid . The advocate of the citizen hospital finally declined the purchase or an exchange. In the 18th century, the citizens of Laub had to fight for their independence. So they refused in 1787, forced labor to pay for road construction for the Bishop of Wurzburg.

In Bavaria

With the secularization and mediatization at the beginning of the 19th century, the sovereignty of the citizen hospital was abolished and the Würzburg monastery dissolved. It was not until 1807 that the government of the Grand Duchy of Würzburg, which had arisen in the area, lifted the tax exemption of Laub. Already in 1804 the place came to the Volkach Regional Court . The Lauber were still trying to claim their exemption from military service.

With the German Revolution of 1848, the so-called manorial rule was no longer up to date and it was repealed. A transfer fund converted the citizen hospital into a pure foundation. She had to sell her property, including the village of Laub. Laub was a municipality in Bavaria during the 19th and first half of the 20th century. In 1972 it was incorporated into the neighboring city of Prichsenstadt and lost its centuries of independence.

Culture and sights

church

Architectural monuments

  • The Lauber Madonna is a life-size sandstone Madonna from the early 14th century, which was once brought from Würzburg to the Lauber branch church of St. Nikolaus for "2 Aimer Wein". The Madonna is a great achievement of its time and known far beyond the region.
  • The Catholic branch church of St. Nicholas was built in 1590 in the post-Gothic style. Abundantly equipped with works of art, it contains u. a. the Lauber Madonna , a Rococo high altar from 1723, a crucifixion group from the time the church was built and a carved and gilded group of 14 holy helpers from the early Rococo period.
  • The Zehnthof is a former inn, built in 1597.
  • The Trinity Chapel at the end of the village in the direction of Prichsenstadt was built in 1736.

Say

The guests at midnight

The Zehnthof was built in the 16th century as a mighty complex in the middle of the village. When the citizen hospital nurses weren't in the leaves, a servant looked after the property. One night while he was lying awake, twelve men suddenly came into his room. They sat around the table and discussed what cruel things to do to the man in the next bed.

The servant then prayed to the 14 helpers in a loud voice and then jumped out of the window. Fortunately, it landed on a dung heap and was not harmed. Because of these incidents, the officials of the Würzburg Citizens Hospital feared to spend the night in the house and obliged the village schoolteachers to spend the night with them in the accursed Zehnthof.

The bet

A Lauber boasted that he was not afraid of anything. He even boasted that he was not afraid of ghosts and ghosts . A friend then made a bet with him: If he could dig in the cemetery without fear and put on a long apron, everyone should believe him. The man went to the cemetery and began to dig, after digging for some time he wanted to get up but could not move. He fell dead from fear. Only the apron had kept the fearless from walking because it had been buried in the mound of earth.

Personalities

  • Theodor Stauder (1821–1882), brewer, Stauder learned to brew beer in Laub and moved to Essen in 1867 to found today's private brewery Jacob Stauder
  • Karl Treutwein (1921–1985), local history researcher and author, Treutwein taught from 1945 at times at the elementary school in Laub

literature

  • Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Marktbreit 1993. pp. 72f.
  • Alexander Graf zu Castell: foliage . In: Jesko Graf zu Dohna (ed.): Kulturpfad. In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Münsterschwarzach 2004. pp. 134–135.
  • Albert K. Franz: Old and new property of the Würzburg citizen hospital in front of the Steigerwald . In: Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Kunst Vol. 12 (= Archive of the Historical Association for Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg Vol. 83) . Würzburg 1960. pp. 12-48.
  • Michel Hofmann: The purchase letter from 1339 about the village of Laub . In: Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Kunst Vol. 14 (= Archive of the Historical Association for Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg Vol. 85) . Würzburg 1962. pp. 207-216.
  • Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions. 4th edition. Volkach 1987. pp. 136-141.
  • Hans-Wolfgang Bergerhausen : Sources on the history of the Bürgerspital Würzburg 1500 - 1650 (Fontes Herbipolenses VIII) . Würzburg 2014. pp. 496–655.

Web links

Commons : Laub (Prichsenstadt)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 139.
  2. ^ Hofmann, Michel: The purchase letter from 1339 about the village of Laub . P. 214.
  3. ^ Castell, Alexander Graf zu: Laub . P. 134.
  4. ^ Franz, Albert K .: Old and new property of the Würzburg citizen hospital in front of the Steigerwald . P. 24.
  5. ^ Franz, Albert K .: Old and new property of the Würzburg citizen hospital in front of the Steigerwald . P. 36.
  6. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 140.
  7. ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 72.
  8. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 472 .
  9. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 140 f.