Gerolzhofen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Gerolzhofen
Gerolzhofen
Map of Germany, position of the city of Gerolzhofen highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 54 '  N , 10 ° 21'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Lower Franconia
County : Schweinfurt
Management Community : Gerolzhofen
Height : 244 m above sea level NHN
Area : 18.39 km 2
Residents: 6868 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 373 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 97447
Area code : 09382
License plate : SW , GEO
Community key : 09 6 78 134
City structure: 4 districts

City administration address : 		Brunnengasse 5
97447 Gerolzhofen
Website : www.gerolzhofen.de
Mayor : Thorsten Wozniak ( CSU )
Location of the city of Gerolzhofen in the district of Schweinfurt
Schweinfurt Landkreis Main-Spessart Landkreis Bad Kissingen Landkreis Rhön-Grabfeld Landkreis Haßberge Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Würzburg Landkreis Bamberg Nonnenkloster (Unterfranken) Stollbergerforst Bürgerwald Vollburg Wustvieler Forst Hundelshausen (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Geiersberg (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Bergrheinfeld Dingolshausen Dittelbrunn Donnersdorf Euerbach Frankenwinheim Geldersheim Gerolzhofen Gochsheim Grafenrheinfeld Grettstadt Kolitzheim Lülsfeld Michelau im Steigerwald Niederwerrn Oberschwarzach Poppenhausen (Unterfranken) Röthlein Schonungen Schwanfeld Schwebheim Sennfeld Stadtlauringen Sulzheim (Unterfranken) Üchtelhausen Waigolshausen Wasserlosen Werneck Wipfeldmap
About this picture

Gerolzhofen is a town in the Lower Franconian district of Schweinfurt and the seat of the Gerolzhofen administrative community . The former district town of the Gerolzhofen district, which was dissolved in 1972, is designated as a middle center and the only town in the Schweinfurt district, but only the fifth largest municipality in terms of inhabitants. The four larger communities are all in the Schweinfurt metropolitan area , but the city of Gerolzhofen is the most populous old town in the district.

geography

Geographical location

The city is located on the northwestern edge of the Steigerwald in the natural area of the Steigerwald foreland about 18 kilometers southeast of Schweinfurt . The climate is temperate, due to the slight accumulation of the Steigerwald, the Gerolzhöfer area has an annual rainfall of around 650 mm, while in the neighboring Schweinfurt basin there is up to 100 mm less rainfall per year. Due to continental influences, hot summers with up to 35 ° Celsius during the day are possible, often relatively dry, but interrupted by occasional quite violent thunderstorms with heavy rain events. Cold winters with a rather thin layer of snow but often well below minus 10 ° Celsius can also be observed in the nights.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Sulzheim , Dingolshausen , Oberschwarzach , Frankenwinheim and Lülsfeld .

City structure

There are four parts of the city:

City view from the southeast, with the cooling towers of the Grafenrheinfeld nuclear power plant, which was decommissioned in 2015

history

Until the church is planted

From prehistoric times, a settlement farm of the Großromstedt culture was excavated in 1994 , which was probably part of an agricultural scattered settlement and in which various ceramic vessels were found. The farm consisted of a 14-meter-long stable house , a storehouse standing on stilts to protect what was stored in it, and a pit house probably used for wool processing . A baking oven, a lime kiln, a clay pit and a storage pit for food to be kept cool were also found in the vicinity of these buildings.

Settlement in Gerolzhofen

The Gerolzhofen settlement was first mentioned between 750 and 779 in a later copy (12th century) of a deed of donation from the Fulda monastery . The name giver is Gerold II from Udalrichingen . The fortified town became a town in the second half of the 13th century from an Ebrach document in which it was mentioned in 1296 as an " oppidum ". In 1345 Gerolzhofen was first mentioned as a "city" when a wine market was moved from Dingolshausen. Between 1500 and 1806 the city was part of the Franconian Empire .

In the second half of the 16th century, more than half of the city's population was Protestant . However, due to the rigid religious and political approach of Würzburg Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , the year 1586 was a turning point in Gerolzhofen’s denominational history: the vast majority of townspeople either became Catholics or left the town. Since then, Gerolzhofen can be considered a Catholic city. Today there is again a small Protestant community in the Erlöserkirche on the edge of the old town.

In 1631 the neighboring village of Lindelach was destroyed by Swedish troops. The local population moved to Gerolzhofen and formed an independent community there from 1818.

Witch trials in Gerolzhofen

Under the government of the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Philipp Adolf von Ehrenberg , over 900 people accused of witchcraft died from execution and torture . In the Würzburg ischen Gerolzhofen was a main court. From 1615 to 1619, 261 people were executed for witchcraft. Many died before being sentenced as a result of torture in the witches' tower and Cent prison.

At the time of witch hunts were in Gerolzhofen pyre built for burning of most of the condemned. At times, so many people became victims of the witch trials that the economy was seriously jeopardized.

Municipal reorganization

In the course of the municipal reorganization of Bavaria , the district of Gerolzhofen was dissolved on July 1, 1972 and the city lost the status of a district town . On 1 January 1978, the neighboring village Rügshofen was within the framework of administrative reform in Bavaria incorporated .

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 55.6%
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
37.1%
20.0%
18.0%
12.2%
6.4%
6.3%
geo-net. d
Boy e
BfG f
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
d geo-net. Network for Gerolzhofen
e The boys
f Citizens for GEO

City council

After the local elections on March 2, 2008 , the 20 seats of the city council are distributed among the individual groups as follows:

Party / list CSU SPD FW REP geo-net. The young total
Seats 8 seats 4 seats 5 seats 1 seat 1 seat 1 seat 20 seats

After the local elections on March 16, 2014 , the 20 seats of the city council are distributed among the individual groups as follows:

Party / list CSU SPD FW geo-net. The young Citizens for GEO total
Seats 7 seats 4 seats 4 seats 3 seats 1 seat 1 seat 20 seats

In the city ​​council election on March 15, 2020 , the four nominations received the following city council seats and voting shares:

Party / list CSU SPD FW geo-net. [1] total
Seats 7 seats 4 seats 5 seats 4 seats 20 seats
Share of votes 33.71% 20.17% 28.08% 18.04% 100.00%

mayor

The first mayor has been Thorsten Wozniak (CSU) since February 1, 2013, who won the runoff election on October 7, 2012 with 60.3 percent against the incumbent Irmgard Krammer (Free Voters). Wozniak was elected for another six years on March 15, 2020 with 84.1% of the vote.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Gerolzhofen
 Blazon : "Three shortened silver tips in red."

Town twinning

Gerolzhofen maintains city partnerships

  • Benin Sè in Benin (sponsorship together with Marmers)

In addition, there are friendly relationships with

Sponsorship

Culture and sights

Downtown Gerolzhofen with parish church

Museums

  • City museum in the old town hall with permanent exhibition From poor little tailor to clothes factory - world success sewing machine . Development of sewing linked to the local history of Gerolzhofen. Other departments: Originally furnished classroom with an exhibition of objects related to the lessons. Collection of exhibits of popular piety, household and yard tools and various tools from the city.
  • Museum Johanniskapelle Art and Spirit of the Gothic (see cemetery chapel)

Buildings

church

View into the choir of the Gerolzhöfer parish church
The old bailiwick in Gerolzhofen

The Catholic parish church of Saint Mary of the Rosary and Saint Regiswindis , also known as the Steigerwald Cathedral, was built between 1436 and 1479. The interior shows a baroque Maria in a halo surrounded by a double rosary, the crown of which is held by two late Gothic angels from the Riemenschneider School . The high altar (around 1764) by the Würzburg court sculptor Johann Peter Wagner and the altarpiece of the Coronation of Mary by the Würzburg court painter Christoph Fesel adorn the nave of the church. The side altars of the tower chapels are also by Johann Peter Wagner. In addition, there is an octagonal pulpit (1705/06) with late Gothic wooden figures of the four evangelists and Christ Salvator in the niches, as well as a Madonna and Child on the sound cover from the same period. In the south aisle, glass paintings from the construction period of the church adorn the interior as an iconographic feature: a Mother of God with a child and the representation of the church building with construction workers, marketplace and surrounding wall .

Further

  • Former two-storey cemetery chapel with karner , built from 1497; Today the Museum Johanniskapelle Kunst und Geist der Gotik with adjoining Baroque sacristan house , set up and designed by the art department of the Diocese of Würzburg, sponsored by the city of Gerolzhofen, with numerous works from the city and parish as well as the diocese's art collections, including sculptures by Tilmann Riemenschneider and his workshop
  • Old Town Hall, built in 1475; distinctive three-storey building with Gothic stepped gables, used as a city museum since 1984
  • Marketplace with modern market fountain
  • City fortifications with double wall ring, several corner towers of the outer fortifications, white tower and owl or witch tower of the inner ring
  • Former Oberamtshaus, Renaissance building with scroll gables , built in 1580 by Prince-Bishop Julius Echter , today the seat of the administrative association
  • Citizen's Hospital with St. Vitus Hospital Church, donated in 1402
  • Jewish cemetery from 1639

Architectural monuments

Recreational facilities

Regular events

  • Spring Festival (March)
  • Asparagus and Wine Market (April)
  • Vineyard hike and wine festival in the countryside at the Gertraudiskapelle (May 1st)
  • Gerolzhöfer Culture Days (May)
  • Gerolzhöfer Health Days (June)
  • Art and culinary delights ("Alleefest") (June)
  • Shooting Festival (July)
  • Steigerwald regional wine festival on the market square ( Franconia's largest wine bar , July)
  • Geo live Night , the Gerolzhöfer pub festival
  • Autumn Festival (October)

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Road traffic

Gerolzhofen is connected to the A 3 and A 70 motorways via the federal highway 286 .

Gerolzhofen is connected to the region and the Schweinfurt regional center about 20 kilometers away via several public transport bus routes. From Schweinfurt there is a connection to rail passenger transport .

There is a cross-town signposted cycle path network. In Gerolzhofen itself, cycling is possible without problems due to the relatively flat topography and the low traffic volume . The compact settlement area of ​​Gerolzhofen and the short distances associated with it favor the use of the bicycle as an everyday means of transport.

The Franconian Marienweg leads through Gerolzhofen .

Kitzingen-Schweinfurt railway line

The former train station in Gerolzhofen

At the end of the 19th century, Gerolzhofen was connected to the Bavarian railway network . In 1893 the Kitzingen- Gerolzhofen section of the so-called Steigerwaldbahn (also Untere Steigerwaldbahn) was completed and Gerolzhofen was equipped with a train station. The branch line was extended from 1903 to Schweinfurt main station. Thus it was one of the longer branch lines in Germany.

Traffic on the route began to be reduced in the 1980s. In 1981 only passenger buses drove between Gerolzhofen and Kitzingen, freight traffic was given up in mid-2006. For a long time there have been initiatives to reactivate passenger traffic on the disused route. At the beginning of 2019 a fierce dispute broke out, which continues to this day, over the design of the restart of the Steigerwaldbahn, which became a political issue .

Public facilities

Authorities and offices

After the regional reform in 1972, Gerolzhofen initially retained some supra- local authorities, which were gradually closed. The district court was abolished in 1973 or converted into a branch of the Schweinfurt district court and completely dissolved in 2015. The central archive of the Schweinfurt justice system has been housed in the justice building since 2018. The only supra-local facility is the police inspection .

Educational institutions

Although Gerolzhofen is classified as a medium-sized center to be preferred according to the regional plan, there is no fully developed high school and, since autumn 2010, the third grade of the elementary school.

The following educational institutions are available:

economy

Large resident companies and at the same time the largest local employers are:

broadcast

Gerolzhofen transmitter

In the Gerolzhofen-West industrial area, there is a transmission tower for broadcasting “ Radio Primaton ” on 93.6 MHz with 50 W ERP.

Personalities

literature

  • Stephan Oettermann : History of the witch burning in Franconia (especially in Gerolzhofen) in the 17th century . Mayor Bräuer: It documents "a time in which the city gained notoriety as a main court of justice in Lower Franconia".
  • Würzburg State Archive: Witch Trial Files (from Gerolzhofen) . 1615-1619. Würzburg, State Archives: Gerolzhofen Court 14/346; Misc. 90/2884; MS f 1200
  • Friedrich Merzbacher : The witch trials in Franconia. 1957 (= series of publications on Bavarian national history. Volume 56); 2nd, expanded edition: CH Beck, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-406-01982-X , pp. 44, 46 f., 49, 91, 112, 158 f., 164, 172, 176 and 197.
  • City of Gerolzhofen: Commemoration of the witch trials in Gerolzhofen (files) 1958–1977. (Stadtarchiv Gerolzhofen A3 (155)).
  • The art monuments of Lower Franconia, Vol. 8: District Office Gerolzhofen . 2nd edition 1983. ISBN 978-3-486-50462-0

Web links

Wiktionary: Gerolzhofen  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Commons : Gerolzhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Gerolzhofen in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=+20111114/210021&attr=OBJ&val= 1758
  3. ↑ Bernd Steidl: Main Franconia between Celts and Teutons. In: Between Celts and Teutons. Northern Bavaria and Thuringia in the age of the Varus Battle. Archaeological State Collection / Thuringian State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology, Munich / Weimar 2009, pp. 123–151, here pp. 131–134.
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 753 .
  5. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics
  6. ↑ Final result of the Gerolzhofen city council election 2014. Accessed on August 7, 2018 .
  7. ↑ City Council Election 2020 , accessed on July 4, 2020
  8. ^ Greetings from the 1st Mayor Thorsten Wozniak. City of Gerolzhofen, accessed on July 19, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Mayoral election 2020 , accessed on July 4, 2020
  10. ↑ Entry on the Gerolzhofen coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  11. ↑ https://www.gerolzhofen.de/mamers-geo-se-im-benin_Se_111_kkmenue.html
  12. ↑ https://www.gerolzhofen.de/neue-schule-in-gerolzhofens-italienischer-partnerstadt-scarlino_News_31974_kkdetail_view_news.html
  13. ↑ https://www.gerolzhofen.de/heimatkreisverein-bilin_Heimatkreisverein_Bilin__221_kkmenue.html
  14. ↑ http://www.heimatkreis-bilin.de/patenschaft
  15. ↑ https://www.ahv-gerolzhofen.de
  16. ↑ Geomaris Gerolzhofen: adventure pool, fun pool, leisure pool. In: Erlebnisbad-Spassbad.de. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  17. ↑ Website: Gerolzhofen sauna garden .
  18. ↑ Takka-Tukka Adventure Land Gerolzhofen. In: Takka-Tukka.com. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  19. ↑ Fitness yourself path Gerolzhofen. In: Trimm-dich-Pfad.com. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  20. ^ Robert Neubig: An afternoon at the model airfield. In: Mainpost.de. August 8, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  21. ↑ Kart fun in the Steigerwald Motodrom in Gerolzhofen. In: msvgeo.de. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  22. ↑ Youth Center. In: Gerolzhofen.de. Retrieved December 28, 2017 .
  23. ↑ https://www.gerolzhofen.de/sporteinrichtungen_Sporteinrichtungen_81_kkmenue.html
  24. ↑ mainpost.de: By train through the inner city of Schweinfurt, August 2, 2019. Accessed on January 19, 2020 .
  25. ↑ mainpost.de: IHK: Steigerwaldbahn would strengthen the region, July 20, 2018. Accessed on January 20, 2020 .