Gochsheim
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Coordinates: 50 ° 1 ′ N , 10 ° 17 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Lower Franconia | |
| County : | Schweinfurt | |
| Height : | 236 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 20.67 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6433 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 311 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 97469 | |
| Area code : | 09721 | |
| License plate : | SW , GEO | |
| Community key : | 09 6 78 135 | |
| Community structure: | 2 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Am Plan 4–6 97469 Gochsheim |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Manuel Kneuer ( CSU ) | |
| Location of the community of Gochsheim in the district of Schweinfurt | ||
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Gochsheim ( East Franconian Goggsum ) is a municipality and a place in the Lower Franconian district of Schweinfurt and is located about five kilometers southeast of Schweinfurt . Gochsheim is a former imperial direct and free imperial village . In 2016, the Sennfelder and Gochsheim peace festivals were included in the nationwide register of intangible cultural heritage by the German Commission for UNESCO .
The main town of the same name is a widely known gardening village with special cultures , an important logistics and commercial location and a residential suburb of Schweinfurt. The village is a center of Franconian customs , with the 370 year old Gochsheimer Kirchweih. The town center is shaped by the Gochsheimer Kirchenburg .
geography
Neighboring communities are (starting from the north in a clockwise direction): Schonungen , Gädheim , Grettstadt , Schwebheim , Schweinfurt and Sennfeld .
Community structure
There are two districts:
- Gochsheim ( parish village )
- Weyer ( Kirchdorf )
history
Beginnings of Gochsheim
The place Gochsheim is a former imperial direct and free imperial village , which shapes its history, its self-confidence and its traditions to this day. The historical development of Gochsheim is closely linked to the neighboring also empire-free places Schweinfurt and Sennfeld .
Gochsheim was probably founded around the year 500. It was mentioned for the first time in a document about a donation to the Fulda monastery from the year 796. The parish of Gochsheim was mentioned in 1130 for the first time.
Free Reichsdorf Gochsheim
It is not entirely clear when Gochsheim gained imperial freedom. It was mentioned as a free imperial village in 1234 due to a complaint from Prince Bishop Hermann II. Hummel von Lichtenberg to King Konrad IV . A Reichsvogtei in Schweinfurt , to which the two villages Sennfeld and Gochsheim belonged, was mentioned in 1282. In 1304/05 King Albrecht pledged the Reichsvogtei Schweinfurt with the two villages of Sennfeld and Gochsheim to the Bishopric of Würzburg . In 1309 the pledge changed to the Counts of Henneberg . Finally, in 1386, the imperial city of Schweinfurt freed itself, Sennfeld and Gochsheim from the pledge with its own funds.
In 1635 Gochsheim lost its imperial freedom . In a fiefdom letter, Emperor Ferdinand II presented the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Franz Graf von Hatzfeld with the two imperial villages of Sennfeld and Gochsheim. On August 14, 1649, imperial freedom was regained by a restitution commission in Schweinfurt. The plant dance from this time is still danced today at the church fair and is a symbol of the regained freedom of the empire, which remained until it was incorporated into the Electorate of Bavaria in 1802. This made Gochsheim and its neighbor Sennfeld two of the few imperial villages that remained until the end.
Three kilometers west of the village, behind the Schwebheim forest , is Senftenhof , a desert area that is now in the border area of the districts of Gochsheim, Grafenrheinfeld and Schweinfurt . The place was probably abandoned in the 17th century .
Recent history
In 1810 Gochsheim was briefly released from the Bavarian State Association, but was reintegrated into Bavaria on June 30, 1814. On November 23, 1903, the Schweinfurt– Gerolzhofen railway line was opened via Gochsheim. From 1862 to 1972 Gochsheim was the largest municipality in the district office or district of Schweinfurt.
During the Second World War , Gochsheim was seriously affected by bombing raids on Schweinfurt. On April 13, 1945 the village was handed over to US troops.
Weyer
Weyer appears for the first time in 1174 as a property of the Ebrach monastery . Bergheide Castle, built around 1205, was destroyed again in 1427. Weyer remained in the possession of the Ebrach Monastery until secularization and temporarily housed a monastery mill. After the dissolution of the monastery in 1803, Weyer's tithe fell to the Prince of Thurn und Taxis. Weyer was incorporated into Gochsheim on July 1, 1971 as part of the regional reform .
Religions
The Reformation was introduced in Gochsheim in 1540 or 1543. The formerly free imperial village used to be evangelical ; The number of Protestant and Catholic citizens is almost the same , especially due to immigration . The Catholic denomination has always predominated in the Weyer district. The St. Michaels Church in the center of the village has been Protestant since the Reformation; In 1961 the Catholic Church of St. Matthias was built on Nikolaus-Fey-Straße.
The Catholic parishes of St. Matthias Gochsheim and St. Bonifatius Weyer were merged with Ober- and Untereuerheim , Sennfeld and Schwebheim on October 10, 2010 to form a parish community of St. Christophorus. Dean Gregor Mühleck heads the new parish association. Pastoral advisor Rainer Weigand is responsible for Gochsheim.
The area of the community Grettstadt also belongs to the Protestant parish .
The Jewish population made from time to time (1816) over 10% of the population, and had in Gochsheim own synagogue , a religious school with a teacher apartment and a ritual bath . In 1937 the Jewish community was dissolved and the few remaining Jewish residents were assigned to the community in Schweinfurt. The last two Jewish residents were deported in 1942 ; all the others had left Gochsheim beforehand. The former synagogue is now used as a residential building. The street name Judenhof and a memorial plaque in the churchyard of the Protestant youth center remind of the former Jewish population .
Population development
- 1961: 4406 inhabitants
- 1970: 5401 inhabitants
- 1991: 6330 inhabitants
- 1995: 6502 inhabitants
- 2005: 6369 inhabitants
- 2010: 6230 inhabitants
- 2015: 6240 inhabitants
- 2018: 6390 inhabitants
politics
(+ 4.6 % p )
( n.k. )
(-15.7 % p )
(+1.2 % p )
Municipal council
At the last local election on March 15, 2020 , the following distribution of seats in the local council took place:
mayor
Manuel Kneuer (CSU) has been the first mayor since 2020. Her predecessor was Helga Fleischer (SPD). Second mayor is Edwin Husslein (FW), third mayor Jürgen Mayerl (SPD).
coat of arms
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Blazon : "A red-tongued silver eagle growing in black over a red battlement wall." |
The coat of arms of Gochsheim was awarded by Elector Friedrich III of the Palatinate in 1568. The wall stands for the fortified Kirchgaden, the eagle is a symbol for the (former) imperial freedom of the village.
Partnerships
Since 1999 there has been a municipal partnership with the French village of Irigny .
Culture and sights
Museums
- Reichsdorf Museum in Kirchgaden.
Buildings
- Gochsheimer Kirchenburg with St. Michael, one of the oldest preserved fortified churches in Franconia, with the historic Gaden .
- Historic town hall , built in 1561
- Apostelhaus, Mönchsgasse 19, Renaissance building from 1612, gable end decorated in relief with a pulpit-shaped bay window and original inscriptions on the corners of the house.
- The bell tower of the Catholic parish church St. Matthias is considered a "technical exotic". Since May 17, 2006 he has had a counter pendulum system. The tower swayed so much when the four bells were ringing that it threatened to collapse.
- Schwebheimer Tor, the last surviving gate of a total of four medieval gates that allowed entry into the free imperial village through the village wall.
- Around the Protestant church and adjacent to the old town hall is one of the largest Franconian fortified churches, the Gadenanlage with the Reichsdorf Museum.
Fortified church with Gaden
and St. Michaels Church
St. Michaels Church
On the plan,
with a well
Schonunger Strasse 18
Schweinfurter Strasse 6
Architectural monuments
Sports
- German Life Saving Society
- Indoor swimming pool
- SC 47 Weyer
- Tennis club 77 Gochsheim
- TSV Gochsheim 1906 e. V.
- Civil shooting society Gochsheim
Regular events
Gochsheimer Kirchweih (Peace Festival)
The Gochsheimer Kirchweih (Peace Festival) is an intangible cultural heritage and one of the most traditional Franconian festivals with the characteristic plant dance . It is a historical celebration of peace and joy to commemorate the regaining of imperial freedom in 1649, around the first Sunday in September. The festival takes place on the plan . This is how the central village square is called in several villages, especially in the Schweinfurt area. To this day, the festival is a free boys' plan and is carried out by young, unmarried men on their own - also financially - responsibility. Traditionally, beer is served at the Sennfelder Kirchweih, which is closer to Schweinfurt , and wine is served at the Gochsheimer Kirchweih. The post-church fair takes place one week after the church fair in the same place.
Thanksgiving
The traditional harvest festival has a special meaning in the gardener village, with its special crops and greenhouses . On the first Sunday in October there is a big pageant with floats decorated with flowers, music and groups in traditional costumes. Then Franconian dances are performed on the plan (village square). The organizer is the Heimat- und Volkstrachtenverein.
carnival
The program of the carnival sessions of the Gochsheim Carnival Club (GCC), the Zwiefl-Elf, is filled with four dance gardens and hand-made speeches related to local events. The speaker from Gochsheim, Wolfgang Düringer , also appeared on Bavarian television at the Carnival in Franconia . On May 5th, 2012 the GCC celebrated its 50th anniversary. Wolfgang Schubert, who served as chairman of the meeting for 25 years, and Roland Ludwig were appointed honorary members.
theatre
The SC Weyer theater evenings are very well attended during Advent.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The community is connected to the bus network of Stadtwerke Schweinfurt (lines 82 and 83) as well as to line 8160 Gerolzhofen-Schweinfurt (Ludwig Metz) and line 9306 Donnersdorf / Weyer-Schweinfurt (Kleinhenz).
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The single- track Kitzingen – Schweinfurt railway also runs through Gochsheim. This is currently shut down from Sennfeld to Kitzingen and was most recently used, apart from nostalgia trips, for sporadic freight traffic , military transports for the US Army, and for the removal of nuclear waste from the nearby Grafenrheinfeld nuclear power plant. Since the nuclear power plant in Grafenrheinfeld does not have a siding, the transport containers were transported from there by truck to Gochsheim, where they were loaded onto the rails. The station building was demolished in the late 1970s. The municipal or city councils of the neighboring communities have each submitted an application for the route to be definitively de-dedicated. Since the city council of Gerolzhofen withdrew its application in January 2019, an intensive discussion about the possible reactivation of the route has flared up.
The federal motorway 70 runs north of Gochsheim with its own exit; the Weyer district can be reached via the Schonungen exit . The state road 2271 runs in the far west of the district on Gochsheimer area.
In 2003, a western bypass was completed. The previous thoroughfare was renovated and rebuilt in 2005 to reduce traffic. By a referendum at the end of July 2005, the way for the eastern bypass was cleared. The residents of the Weyer district had favored a solution that would also have relieved Weyer, but could not prevail in the vote. The official start of construction was on December 22, 2005; it has been completed since December 2006. The official inauguration was on January 26, 2007.
education
The elementary and middle school in Gochsheim is also attended by students from surrounding villages. The middle school is attended by students from Gochsheim, Sennfeld, Schwebheim and Schonungen with districts. In recent years, the middle school has made a name for itself throughout Germany with the sports school profile. In archery and apparatus gymnastics, the school's teams were able to regularly secure Bavarian and German championship titles.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Fritz Zeilein († 1992), former rector of the community school, volunteer community archivist until his death. The multi-purpose hall Fritz-Zeilein-Halle in Friedhofstrasse is named after him.
- Josef Ehrlitzer (1919–2016), Franconian dialect poet
- Walfried Hein, volunteer community archivist 1992 to 2007 and former deputy school rector (until 1970 rector of the Weyerer Schule)
Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Traeg (1747–1805), important art and music dealer in Vienna
- Abraham Joseph Reiss (1802–1862), first ordained rabbi in the United States and spiritual leader of American Jews
- Georg Seifert (1819–1874), musician and composer (including King Ludwig II March)
Personalities who have worked or are working on site
- Cardinal Julius Döpfner (Munich), formerly Bishop of Würzburg, looked after Gochsheim as chaplain from the Holy Spirit (Schweinfurt) .
- The Franconian local researcher and author Karl Treutwein was a teacher at the Catholic elementary school in Gochsheim.
- The Lower Franconian handcrafted speaker and musician Wolfgang Düringer lives in Gochsheim.
literature
- Wolfgang Wüst : The Frankish imperial villages of Sennfeld and Gochsheim between old and new teaching - religious and denominational politics in the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation. Schweinfurt 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-052966-5 .
Web links
- Official homepage of the community of Gochsheim
- Homepage of the Gochsheimer Kirchweih
- Imperial cities and villages in historical Franconia
- Jewish history in Gochsheim
- Gochsheim: Official statistics of the LfStat
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Art: Intangible Cultural Heritage. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 14, 2018 ; accessed on December 11, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Community Gochsheim in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on July 4, 2020.
- ↑ Erhard Nietzschmann: The free in the country. Former German imperial villages and their coats of arms. Melchior, Wolfenbüttel 2013, ISBN 978-3-944289-16-8 , p. 35.
- ↑ Weyer village history. Gochsheim community, accessed on April 3, 2016 .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 570 .
- ^ The synagogue in Gochsheim (Schweinfurt district). Working group for research into the history of the Jews in southern Germany and the neighboring region, accessed on March 15, 2008 .
- ↑ Population figures on December 31, 2018. Bavarian State Office for Statistics, accessed on May 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Town council members. Community of Gochsheim, accessed on August 2, 2020 .
- ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Gochsheim in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- ^ Friedrich Weber: Wappenbrief whose von Gochsheim 1568. In: History of the Franconian imperial villages Gochsheim and Sennfeld. Gochsheim community, 1913, accessed March 8, 2008 .
- ↑ Ringing without the risk of collapse. (No longer available online.) In: Diocese of Würzburg. May 17, 2006, archived from the original on September 27, 2007 ; Retrieved March 8, 2008 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ mainpost.de: By train through the inner city of Schweinfurt, August 2, 2019. Accessed on January 19, 2020 .
- ↑ mainpost.de: IHK: Steigerwaldbahn would strengthen the region, July 20, 2018. Accessed on January 20, 2020 .
Bergrheinfeld | Dingolshausen | Dittelbrunn | Donnersdorf | Euerbach | Frankenwinheim | Geldersheim | Gerolzhofen | Gochsheim | Grafenrheinfeld | Grettstadt | Kolitzheim | Lülsfeld | Michelau im Steigerwald | Niederwerrn | Oberschwarzach | Poppenhausen | Röthlein | Sparing | Swan field | Schwebheim | Sennfeld | Stadtlauringen | Sulzheim | Üchtelhausen | Waigolshausen | Waterless | Werneck | Wipfeld
Unregulated areas in the district of Schweinfurt
Bürgerwald |
Geiersberg |
Hundelshausen |
Nunnery |
Stollbergerforst |
Vollburg |
Wustvieler forest