State Road 2271
Map with all coordinates: The state road 2271 (abbreviation St 2271 ) is a traffic-significant, altogether about 53 kilometers long state road in the Lower Franconian districts Schweinfurt , Kitzingen and the independent city of Schweinfurt in Bavaria. It serves as a connecting road between the city of Schweinfurt, the Volkacher Mainschleife and the large district town of Kitzingen with its hinterland.
course
The state road 2271 continues from the district road NEA 47 under the federal road 13 and begins in the area of the Martinsheim district Enheim in the southwest of the district of Kitzingen. It then crosses Enheim ( 49 ° 37 ′ 58 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 18.3 ″ E ) and remains in the Martinsheim municipality until the Marktbreit motorway junction ( 49 ° 39 ′ 1.1 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 42.1 ″ O ) on the federal highway 7 .
Then it reaches the municipality of Marktbreit ( 49 ° 39 ′ 44.8 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 25.1 ″ E ). In the urban area it initially runs as the street Fleac, named after the twin town of the municipality, towards the Main . State road 2418 ( 49 ° 39 ′ 58.2 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 6.6 ″ E ) joins there and State road 2271 turns to the northeast. It runs between the Marktbreiter core city and the Main as Adam-Fuchs-Straße and Mainstraße and finally turns north as Marktstefter Straße. The district road KT 23 ( 49 ° 40 ′ 46.6 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 59.4 ″ E ) also joins at the exit of the town .
The street is roughly oriented towards the course of the Main. It is used as a bypass around the town of Marktsteft ( 49 ° 41 ′ 12 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 40 ″ E ). After another turn to the northeast, it leaves the municipality of Marktsteft and reaches the large district town of Kitzingen with the district of Hohenfeld ( 49 ° 42 ′ 55.5 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 59.7 ″ E ). There it bears the name Mainstrasse again. When you reach the core town of Kitzingen, State Road 2270 (as a southern bypass) ( 49 ° 43 ′ 34.9 ″ N , 10 ° 9 ′ 56.6 ″ E ) joins . There, State Road 2271 crosses the Würzburg-Nuremberg railway line . Then the state road passes a driveway on the federal road 8 on the western edge of the Kitzingen district of Siedlung . It crosses the Bimbach and turns west of Etwashausen to the north. State road 2272 joins there (as a north bypass) ( 49 ° 44 ′ 49.4 ″ N , 10 ° 10 ′ 46 ″ E ). The state road cuts through the Kitzinger Klosterforst in a north-easterly direction and leaves the Kitzingen municipality shortly after the Kitzingen / Schwarzach motorway junction ( 49 ° 46 ′ 59.9 ″ N , 10 ° 12 ′ 39 ″ E ) on federal motorway 3 .
The state road reaches the municipality of Schwarzach am Main with the district of Hörblach ( 49 ° 47 ′ 19.4 ″ N , 10 ° 12 ′ 51.3 ″ E ). It forms the bypass and there the district road KT 12 joins. As a bypass, it also goes around the Schwarzach districts Stadtschwarzach , Münsterschwarzach and Gerlachshausen am Main. Before that, it intersects Bundesstraße 22 (as it sometimes runs) ( 49 ° 47 ′ 52.3 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 23 ″ E ) just before Stadtschwarzach. The Main Canal begins at Gerlachshausen and overcomes the Volkacher Mainschleife. The state road runs parallel to the canal.
After Gerlachshausen, the state road runs a short distance in the Sommerach district ( 49 ° 50 ′ 8 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 39.8 ″ E ), but the village is on the other side of the Main Canal on the so-called Wine Island . Approximately at the height of the Hallburg the road reaches the municipality of Volkach from the south. Before reaching the built-up area of the core city, the state road 2260 joins ( 49 ° 51 ′ 20 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 46.8 ″ E ). As a diesel road, the state road now forms the western Volkach bypass. A roundabout ( 49 ° 51 ′ 56.5 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 22.7 ″ E ) at the level of the old town further east mediates again to state road 2260, which now runs in a westerly direction over the Main. State road 2271 continues through the new development areas in the north of Volkach, where the KT 34 district road joins. As Gaibacher Straße it leaves the Volkach town center and passes the ascent of the Gaibacher Steige. The street crosses the Volkach district of Gaibach as Schweinfurter Straße ( 49 ° 53 ′ 24.3 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 35.6 ″ E ). This is where Balthasar-Neumann-Straße (also SW 37) joins.
The district of Schweinfurt is reached with the district of Kolitzheim , which is crossed by State Road 2271 from the south. In Kolitzheim ( 49 ° 55 ′ 2.1 ″ N , 10 ° 14 ′ 15.3 ″ E ) it is again called Schweinfurter Strasse, where the district roads SW 41 (in the south) and SW 11 (in the north) join the state road . It continues in a north-easterly direction into the suburbs of Unterspiesheim . There the state road turns north and runs as a main road with tight curves through the Kolitzheim district ( 49 ° 57 '3.4 " N , 10 ° 15" 48 " E ). After the village, the state road always runs parallel to federal road 286 in the direction of Schweinfurt. The federal highway is to the east of it.
This changes with the crossing of the main road shortly after reaching the Schwebheim municipal area. When crossing Schwebheim, State Road 2271 is again called Hauptstraße ( 49 ° 59 ′ 16 ″ N , 10 ° 14 ′ 55.9 ″ E ). After leaving the center of town, the new development areas at Aschenhof ( 49 ° 59 ′ 42.9 ″ N , 10 ° 14 ′ 44.8 ″ E ) connect to the north of Schwebheim , from the state road (as Aschenhof or Schweinfurter road) from Coming south. Two roundabouts (with a driveway to the federal road 286) lead to the city of Schweinfurt. The Schweinfurt district is only slightly touched by the road ( 50 ° 1 ′ 7.6 ″ N , 10 ° 14 ′ 19.3 ″ E ). It leaves it shortly before the Schweinfurt-Zentrum motorway junction onto the A 7. The street runs along the Sennfeld district of Schweinfurt's Hafen-Ost industrial park, crosses under the federal motorway 7 and ends shortly before the Sennfeld town center as Schwebheimer Straße on state road 2272.
Condition and expansion plans
State road 2271 has been expanded to two lanes throughout . Until the Marktbreit motorway junction onto federal motorway 7, however, it is only listed in the Bavaria Atlas as a local transport connection on paved roads. This only changes when you enter the motorway. Now it is becoming an important regional transport link and as such is reaching the market. In Kitzingen it forms an important long-distance route comparable to a federal road. In Stadtschwarzach it will once again become a regional transport link.
There are no major expansion plans for the route. However, between 2012 and 2015/2017 it was discussed to set up a bypass for Gaibach and Kolitzheim. The bypass was finally stopped by a public petition about funding.
history
Königshöfe and Geleitstrasse (until around 1697)
State road 2271 has a number of historical predecessors, parts of the route were already used as an important local transport link in the early modern period . There are hardly any sources about the course of the streets about the early Middle Ages, which is why one has to rely on rear projections. The roads connected the Franconian royal courts and crossed the Main at Furtorten , which later developed into ferry locations .
However, all important connections at the Main Triangle ran across today's state road. The Fahr ford connected the farms of Prosselsheim and Rügshofen , while the Mainfurt Schwarzenau was probably the transition to the Würzburg - Forchheim road . The Würzburg – Kitzingen – Iphofen – Forchheim route also gained in importance later. However, a route probably ran between Kitzingen and Schweinfurt via Volkach. It was Volkach's lifeline, and the city also directed its gates to the south and northwest.
With the rise of the Würzburg bishopric to the dominant power factor on the Main Triangle, the so-called escort roads were established , on which armed men accompanied the travelers for a fee. The connection Schweinfurt- Heidenfeld -Volkach-Schwarzach-Kitzingen-Marktsteft- Obernbreit - Uffenheim appeared for the first time in the escort register of Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn from 1596 . Perhaps it was created as a bypass route for the then Protestant, margravial customs town of Prichsenstadt .
At the same time Schweinfurt developed into an important trading center between Thuringia and Leipzig in the north and east, and towards Switzerland in the south. In addition, another route ran between Kitzingen, Volkach and Schweinfurt with the long-term destination Göttingen in the north and Marktbreit and Augsburg in the south. However, the route remained rather insignificant. Its exact course is unclear as a whole, but it probably ran from Lindach via Öttershausen , west past Gaibach directly to Volkach and was 400 to 800 meters further west than today's road.
Several variants of this route have come down to us. On a map from 1633/1634 a section branched off from Schweinfurt to Röthlein - Grafenrheinfeld and ran closer to the Main to the Fahr ferry station . Likewise, one could get through Gaibach down the so-called Steige to Volkach. After the Thirty Years' War there was a direct connection between Volkach and Stadtschwarzach, which avoided the detour via Sommerach, i.e. it almost followed the current route.
Chausseen, Vicinalstrasse and State Road (until today)
In the second half of the 17th century, the era of road construction began in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire, as the carts moved faster on the cobbled streets than on the previous earth roads. In the Würzburg monastery, however, it was not until 1738 that the old streets were renewed. Balthasar Neumann handed down the first ordinances on "road repairs" . It all started with today's federal highway 8 between Kitzingen and Markt Bibart .
During the Revolutionary Wars , work on the highways ceased, only after the transition from Franconia to the Kingdom of Bavaria was it possible to continue building from 1817. A year earlier, in 1816, the regional directorate Philipp Heffner had recommended that the construction of four so-called main roads be promoted. He also defined eight secondary or vicinal roads for national development. These included the Schweinfurt – Volkach – Kitzingen– Nuremberg routes (as Vicinalstrasse c) and Mainbernheim –Obernbreit– Ansbach - Munich (as Vicinalstrasse e).
In 1817 the road projects were given different names and were divided into two classes. From 1835 onwards people spoke of district streets instead of vicinal streets. The financing of such secondary lines was largely left to the municipalities along the road, so that the quality of the routes remained of very different quality for a long time. Mostly, streets began to be built in a star shape around the seats of the regional courts , which thus received a "sovereign spatial function".
The Kitzingen – Stadtschwarzach – Münsterschwarzach – Gerlachshausen – Sommerach – Volkach – Gaibach – Kolitzheim – Schweinfurt route, which connected three regional courts ( Kitzingen , Volkach and Schweinfurt ), began as early as 1816/1817. The line was not completed until 1825, with the section between Schweinfurt and Schwebheim initially remaining undeveloped. The expansion was probably based on a historical route, perhaps the escort road or one of its variants . The course of the street still corresponds to that of the 19th century.
literature
- Victor Metzner: The traffic routes in the northern district of Kitzingen in the area of the Mainschleife until the middle of the 19th century . In: Yearbook for the district of Kitzingen. Under the spell of the Schwanberg 2016 . Kitzingen 2016. pp. 195–204.
- Hans-Peter Schäfer: The development of the road network in the Schweinfurt area up to the middle of the 19th century (= Würzburg Geographical Works Volume 44 and Mainfränkische Studien Volume 13) . Wuerzburg 1976.
Individual evidence
- ^ Doc-Player: Staatsstrasse 2271 Volkach-Gaibach bypass , accessed on December 15, 2018.
- ↑ Schäfer, Hans-Peter: The development of the road network in the Schweinfurt area . P. 19 and 23.
- ^ Metzner, Victor: The traffic routes in the northern district of Kitzingen . P. 195.
- ↑ Schäfer, Hans-Peter: The development of the road network in the Schweinfurt area . P. 126.
- ↑ Schäfer, Hans-Peter: The development of the road network in the Schweinfurt area . P. 317.
- ^ Metzner, Victor: The traffic routes in the northern district of Kitzingen . P. 199 f.
- ↑ Schäfer, Hans-Peter: The development of the road network in the Schweinfurt area . P. 450.