Hohenfeld (Kitzingen)

Hohenfeld City of Kitzingen
Coordinates: 49 ° 43 ′ 4 "  N , 10 ° 9 ′ 26"  E
Height :	196 m
Residents :	763  (1987)
Incorporation :	May 1, 1978
Postal code :	97318
Area code :	09321
Location of Hohenfeld (bold) in the municipality of Kitzingen

Hohenfeld is a district of the large district town of Kitzingen in Lower Franconia . The village is down the Main and directly south of Kitzingen on the left Main side. The documented history of Hohenfeld begins in 1148. The place was always split up under changing rulers and monasteries. In 1814 he finally came to Bavaria.

Hohenfeld was an independent municipality until the place was incorporated into Kitzingen in 1975. The mountain church of St. Margarete is part of the community's cultural heritage. There is evidence of 1329 reports of this pilgrimage church located on the hill. Furthermore, the local church, completed in 1709, and the Franconian town center are located in the center of the village.

geography

location

Hohenfeld is protected in the northern Bavarian Lower Franconia on the eastern bank of the Main in the Maindreieck .

and display information about the image

Panorama Hohenfeld from the mountain church

The state road 2271 from Kitzingen to Marktbreit and Ochsenfurt leads past the place as a bypass road.

The district has about 1000 inhabitants and is about 1.5 km² in size. It extends over a length of 3.5 kilometers from the Schiefer Turm campsite in Kitzingen down the Main to the local sewage treatment plant . In the district of Hohenfeld is the Hagenmühle , which is now also a district of Kitzingen.

Natural location

Naturally, all Kitzinger districts are located along the Main in the dry and dry Kitzinger Main Valley , which is part of the Middle Main Valley within the Mainfränkische Platten .

geology

Hohenfeld is located in the Franconian layer level country . It is located on the shell limestone and lower copper layer .

climate

The place is protected in the Main Valley . There is a mild climate with little precipitation.

history

Place name

In 1148 the place was called Hovelt . The basic word is Old High German felt , which means plain, flat land, pasture area and area. The adjective high is used as a determinant .

Later forms of the name were:

• 1153 Hohevelt
• 1165 Hoevelt or Hofelt
• 1240 Hoheuelt
• 1251 Hohenvelt

All name variations mean "high field". They are an indication of the altitude of the first settlement.

Beginnings

Hohenfeld was first mentioned in a document in 1148.

In 1458, the village regulations reported a "dorffrid und banczeund", a fence. In 1619 the place improved the protective devices with a fishing stone at the upper gate. At both gates, five barriers were given pans, rings and points as a defense.

Landlords

Village rulers were partly at the same time the Kitzingen Hospital , the Heidenfeld Monastery, the Würzburg Franciscan Monastery and several knight families. Finally, the Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach and the Duchy of Würzburg shared the place. The Kingdom of Prussia claimed sole rule from 1796. From 1806 the village belonged to the Kingdom of Bavaria , from 1810 to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg for four years and from 1814 to Bavaria again.

Kitzingen Hospital

The hospital , which was probably founded by the city's women's monastery, drew its income from possessions and rights in the city and surrounding villages. It became impoverished in the 12th and 13th centuries. Thanks to donations from the Nuremberg mayor Konrad Groß and two Würzburgers, the brothers Wolf and Rüdiger Teufel from Kitzingen, the Kitzingen Citizens Hospital was revitalized in 1344. The donations also included large possessions in Hohenfeld. Because the hospital had the right of the Vogtei in Hohenfeld from 1346. Around 1400 the hospital owned about a third of the place. The profitable income is documented up to the year 1851. Then all landlord rights disappeared from the accounts. They were replaced forever and transferred to the state.

Franciscan monastery in Würzburg

Heinrich Keilholz and his wife Anna bequeathed their property to the Franciscan monastery in Würzburg in 1389 . The property consisted of one large and two small houses, 195 acres of farmland, vineyards and meadows. These possessions were passed on to local residents of Brandenburg and Würzburg.

Heidenfeld Monastery

Count Hermann von Vohburg and his wife Alberade von Banz donated property in Hohenfeld to the Heidenfeld Provost in 1060 . Bishop Johann II von Brunn entrusted the monastery with the early mass, the Beguinenklause and courtyards in the village and the surrounding area. In 1529 the monastery sold all property in the village to Junker Esram von Hutten zu Michelfeld. The Hohenfeld community received the proceeds from the Frühmessstiftung.

Noble families

The nobles von Hohenfeld are mentioned again and again in documents from 1148 to 1303. Rudolf von Hohenfeld, for example, in 1230 in connection with donations to the Ebrach monastery.

The village order of 1458 names Junker Jörg Fuchs von Bimbach as one of four village lords. Their property came to the Limpurg taverns . In 1501 it came to Wilhelm von Bebenburg , in 1507 to his son Georg and in 1512 to Georg's brother Wilhelm. This can be found in the certificate for the village chapel. With the death of childless Wilhelm in 1567, his property fell to the Margraves of Brandenburg. It was passed on to Esram von Hutten in 1533 . He had already had fiefs of the Heidenfeld monastery in the village since 1529. Esram von Hutten also had fiefs of the Margraves of Ansbach and the Würzburg Monastery. From the brothers Bernhard and Georg Ludwig von Hutten the possessions went to the Ansbach Council Anselm von Thüna on February 28, 1611 .

Since 1312 the Lords of Seckendorff can be proven to have been tithe lords in Hohenfeld. This so-called Nold branch named Erkinger von Seckendorff as the landlord in the village order of 1448. Before his death in 1659, Wolf Christoph von Seckendorff sold the Hohenfeld estate to Friedrich von Hirschhorn (1570–1632). The heir to the Electorate of the Palatinate, Friedrich von Hirschhorn, had no children. The inheritance went to his cousin Johann Heinrich Schärtlein von Burtenbach. On March 27, 1635, Rittmeister Reinhold von Weiden zu Fröhstockheim and Rödelsee replaced the estate from him. He was married to Magdalena Christina von Crailsheim . Hans Joachim von Seckendorff was the brother of Wolf Christoph. He transferred his landlord property in Obernbreit, Martinsheim and Enheim on February 22, 1623 to the relative Friedrich von Crailsheim in Fröhstockheim. His son Christian Friedrich (1618–1680) and Reinhold von Weiden finally sell their goods, subjects and all rights in the village on April 3, 1662 to Margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg-Ansbach .

The aristocratic family Keilholz had large possessions. They founded the early mass in Hohenfeld. Through their donations, the Ebrach Monastery, the Bürgerspital in Kitzingen, the Franciscan, Dominican and Carmelite monasteries in Würzburg received bequests in Hohenfeld.

Modern times

On May 1, 1978, the previously independent community was incorporated into the district town of Kitzingen.

Politics and communal matters

Hohenfeld town hall

Population numbers

year	1666	1703	1838	1840	1852	1856	1861	1900	1910	1930	1987
people	about 300	250	511	520	533	519	487	403	394	399	763

Source without individual reference: Eduard Krauss Hohenfeld am Main

religion

The majority of the population belonged to the Protestant faith until 1910.

year	1814/1815	1862	1890	1900	1910
Protestants	468	452	400	403	362
Catholics	1	2	58	28	32
Jews	20th	20th	1	-	-

Source: Eduard Krauss Hohenfeld am Main

coat of arms

The village coat of arms shows Saint Margaret . She is one of the 14 emergency helpers . The oldest representation of the local coat of arms exists on the inscription panel on the southern portal of the mountain church. The oldest coat of arms contains a book of seven from 1596.

Culture and sights

Altortkern with village fountain and maypole

Hohenfeld mountain church

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Kitzingen

Village center

Hohenfeld has a picturesque, typically Franconian old town center with a fountain. It is elevated and surrounded by half-timbered houses. This village square forms the intersection of the narrow streets through the town.

Mountain church

→ Main article : St. Margarete (Hohenfeld)

The mountain church of St. Margarete von Hohenfeld , located on a hill, is particularly worth seeing .

The first verifiable evidence reports from a cemetery. In the certificate of April 1251, Bishop Hermann von Würzburg confirmed the exchange of a foundation. Irmgard, the widow of the knight Rudolf von Hohenfeld, bequeathed goods in Schwebheim "et tribus iugeris vinearum ante crimiterium in Hohenvelt", d. H. Vineyards in front of the cemetery in Hohenfeld of the Ebrach monastery.

The mountain church was finally mentioned in 1329. In that year, the Würzburg prince-bishop Wolfram Wolfskeel von Grumbach (1322/33) received the patronage right from the Teutonic Order over the parish chapel in Hohenfeld near Kitzingen and larger property.

The church served as a pilgrimage church . Presumably it belonged to the local Beguine monastery. The beguinages in the country suffered most from the feuds of the knighthood. In 1422 the last beguin came to Hohenfeld from the hermitage on the Kirchberg in Aschaffenburg.

A major repair from 1971 to 1976 led to the exposure of an altar foundation in a semicircular apse under the choir. The longitudinal wall facing south could also be preserved. It probably dates back to the Carolingian times. Those responsible also discovered the foundations of a Romanesque hall church. The carving and painting of the Renaissance pulpit and the stalls were uncovered and restored. As a result of the renovation, some old works of art could be preserved for posterity, such as the depiction of the handkerchief of Christ with a frame framing from around 1500 and the altar with the Gothic canteen. It was just moved a little to the east. The door framing of the sacristy, decorated with tracery, dates from the time the choir was built.

Parish church

→ Main article : Evangelical Church (Hohenfeld)

The Protestant parish church was built in the margrave style. The interior is simple and has numerous seats thanks to the two-story galleries. The Luther rose is on the ceiling of the nave. The choir room with five octagonal sides is in the east.

Main ferry

→ Main article : Main ferry Hohenfeld

Already in the 17th century there was a ferry connection over the Main in Hohenfeld . Originally, the village rulers owned the ferry rights and gave the ferry to various stocks. It was not until 1714 that a private individual, Leonhard Steinbrückner, acquired the ferry for the first time. In 1912 a high ropes system was built to allow ferry traffic to continue. Now the ferry often changed its location in the course of the expansion of the Main to the large shipping route and was abandoned in the 20th century.

Say

The cemetery church

In the past, a dirt road between Hohenfeld and the mountain church led up to the cemetery. It was once the custom for the girls in the village to clean the church regularly. Once they were finished and left for the village to collect the priest's reward. Only one girl remained. His mother was sick in her bed at home and the family had no more income. The girl therefore wanted to pray to Our Lady for the healing of her mother.

Suddenly a friendly lady appeared to the girl and said to the child: "Hold on your little apron!" The girl did as he was told and held up her apron . The woman filled her apron with beautiful roses and said: "So now go home and bring your mother's roses!" The girl went home amazed. At home she told her sick mother about the strange incident. But when they both looked into the apron, there were many gold pieces in it .

Get over!

Many legends were also told about the Hohenfeld ferry . The ferryman is said to have been called to overtake across the Main. But when he reached the other bank, there stood a headless rider . The ferryman was able to turn the boat just in time. Another time he received the call and he crossed over. When he got here he heard that his boat was being loaded, but couldn't see any. Invisible peas fell on the deck as they got out. On closer inspection he could see pieces of gold.

Personalities

• Eduard Krauss, Dr. med., honorary citizen and author of the local history
• Alexandre Laemlein (1813–1871), French painter of German origin
• Paul Schattenmann (born February 6, 1892 in Hohenfeld, † November 28, 1967 in Nuremberg )

Sports

TSV Hohenfeld is the district's sports club that, after relegation in the 2015/2016 season, played its point games in the B-class.

literature

• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Hohefeld . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 2 : El-H . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1800, DNB  790364298 , OCLC 833753081 , Sp. 729 ( digitized version ).
• Johann Ludwig Klarmann, Karl Spiegel: Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald. Reprint of the 1912 edition . Neustadt an der Aisch 1982.
• Wolf – Armin Frhr. v. Reitzenstein: Lexicon of Franconian place names . CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-59131-0 .
• District of Kitzingen (ed.): Art and culture guide through the district of Kitzingen . 2nd Edition. Color printing Brühl, Marktbreit 1993.
• Gottfried Stieber: Hohefeld . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 490-491 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Hohenfeld  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m} Eduard Krauss: Hohenfeld am Main . The story of a Lower Franconian village. Konrad Triltsch, Würzburg 1933.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Helga Walter: The Kitzingen districts . Hohenfeld. In: District Kitzingen (ed.): Art and culture guide through the district Kitzingen . 2nd Edition. Color printing Brühl, Marktbreit 1993.
3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 748 .
4. ^ Johannes Gistel: Latest geography and statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Schorner, Straubing 1856, p. 277 ( online [accessed December 21, 2015]).
5. ↑ k. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria with their population in December 1861 . Pössenbacher, Munich 1863, p. 164 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10380158-7 .
6. ^ Genealogy network - Hohenfeld. Retrieved July 28, 2013 . 
7. ↑ Martin Balduin Kittel: The architectural ornaments of all centuries on buildings of the royal city of Aschaffenburg . German period. Wailandt'sche Druckerei, Aschaffenburg 1859, section (p. 11), p. 15 ( online [accessed June 28, 2013]).
8. ↑ In Hohenfeld a final point was set for the church renovation . In: MAIN-POST . Kitzingen / Gerolzhofen. April 17, 1976, p. 9 .
9. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig (among others): Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald . P. 247 f.
10. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Kantzenbach: Protestant church history research in the context of Bavarian historiography. Pp. 590, 591 , accessed December 21, 2015 .