Scarlino

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Scarlino
coat of arms
Scarlino (Italy)
Scarlino
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Grosseto  (GR)
Coordinates 42 ° 54 '  N , 10 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 42 ° 54 '29 "  N , 10 ° 51' 7"  E
height 229  m slm
surface 88.38 km²
Residents 3,904 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 44 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 58020
prefix 0566
ISTAT number 053024
Popular name Scarlinesi
Patron saint Saint Martin of Tours (November 10th)
Website Scarlino municipality
Panorama of Scarlino
Panorama of Scarlino

Scarlino is a municipality with 3904 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in southern Tuscany ( Italy ).

geography

Location of Scarlino in the province of Grosseto

The community extends over around 88  km² . It is located about 27 km northwest of the provincial capital Grosseto , about 100 km southwest of the regional capital Florence and 6 kilometers from the Tyrrhenian Sea . Rome is about 175 km southeast. The place on the Pecora River is part of the Maremma landscape .

The districts (frazioni) include Portiglioni (25 m, approx. 60 inhabitants), Puntone (4 m, approx. 350 inhabitants) and Scarlino Scalo (12 m, approx. 1250 inhabitants).

Neighboring municipalities are Follonica , Gavorrano , Massa Marittima and Castiglione della Pescaia .

history

The area around Scarlino was already settled in Roman times. A port called Scabris Portus is documented near what is now Il Puntone . Roman life was more on the plains than on the hills. The first written mention of today's core town comes from the year 973 and names the feudal lord Lamberto di Ildebrando Aldobrandeschi . The fortification with fort ( rocca ), within which the place grew, is first documented for the year 1108, when the rule of the Aldobrandeschi was shared with the Bishop of Roselle .

After changing ownership, Scarlino fell to Pisa in 1278 and then shared the fate of this republic: 1406 conquest by Florence , 1569 incorporation into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , from 1737 Habsburg and from 1860 belonged to the Italian national state. Some of the large landowners and merchant families of Scarlinos voted for the republic at an early stage.

In the era of fascism, resistance from the liberal property bourgeoisie was fierce.

Since May 22, 1960 Scarlino is an independent municipality ( comune ).

Sightseeing and tourism

Castle of the Aldobrandeschi
The facade of San Donato

The core town of Scarlino has retained the authentic character of a medieval borgo . The highest point is the Aldobrandeschi castle, from which the defensive wall, palas and corner towers have been preserved. In good weather there is a wide panoramic view of the bay of Follonica, the island of Elba and Corsica beyond .

The town's central piazza is named after Giuseppe Garibaldi , who is also a memorial. From there, steep streets run up to the fortress. The center is traffic-calmed (parking lot below the city wall).

The place is frequented by day trippers, but due to a lack of accommodation, permanent stay is not planned.

The coastal district of Il Puntone with its harbor and wide sandy beaches, on the other hand, is popular with swimmers, surfers, sailors and divers.

Churches

  • Chiesa di San Donato , main church with convent in the town center. Was first mentioned in a document from Pope Clement III in 1188 . mentioned. In 1308 the Augustinian order owned the convent and the church. The church was restored in 1677, 1716 and 1929. Inside is the monumental tomb of Vanni and Emmanuele Appiani, which is attributed to Andrea Guardi. The most important painting is the Volto Santo (Cristo in croce vestito tra San Rocco e San Gerolamo) from the 16th century.
  • Chiesa di San Martino , church in the center, which was built from 1759 by Domenico Mattei. Contains the fresco Madonna col Bambino in gloria con san Michele arcangelo e sant'Andrea apostolo from the 16th century. The church bell dates from 1340.
  • Oratorio della Santa Croce , oratory in the town center from the 13th century, created by the Pannocchieschi family . The 14th century work Crocifissione is attributed to Nanni di Pietro , the brother of Vecchietta , and is only partially available today.
  • Canonica di San Michele , today's church ruins near Scarlino Scalo. Made in the second half of the 12th century.
  • Convento di Santa Maria a Monte di Muro , convent from the 14th century, which is located southwest of the main town under the Monte Muro mountain . First belonged to the fraticels and then to the observance movement .

traffic

Local festival

Every year on August 19, the Carriere del 19 has been held since 1970 , a competition between the three districts ( contrade ) Donato, Rocca and Centro. After a parade and a performance by the flag throwers, the representatives of the three districts in medieval costumes have to re-enact a historical scene (defense against a corsair attack on the fortress). A jury will determine the winner.

Originally August 19 was a day of remembrance for the liberation of the community from a cholera epidemic in 1855.

Town twinning

literature

Web links

Commons : Scarlino  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on the districts and population figures in 2001 in the province of Grosseto, accessed on April 18, 2014 (Italian)
  3. ↑ a b c d e Bruno Santi (Ed.): I Luoghi della Fede. Grosseto, Massa Marittima e la Maremma.