Santa Fiora

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Santa Fiora
coat of arms
Santa Fiora (Italy)
Santa Fiora
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Grosseto  (GR)
Coordinates 42 ° 50 ′  N , 11 ° 36 ′  E Coordinates: 42 ° 50 ′ 17 "  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 13"  E
height 687  m slm
surface 62.91 km²
Residents 2,535 (Dec 31, 2019)
Population density 40 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 58037
prefix 0564
ISTAT number 053022
Popular name Santafioresi
Patron saint Saints Flora and Lucilla (July 29th)
Website Santa Fiora municipality
Panorama of Santa Fiora
Panorama of Santa Fiora

Santa Fiora is an Italian municipality with 2535 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Grosseto in Tuscany and is a member of the association I borghi più belli d'Italia (The Most Beautiful Places in Italy).

geography

Location of the municipality of Santa Fiora in the province of Grosseto

It is located about 40 km east of the provincial capital Grosseto and about 110 south of Florence and has an area of ​​62.9  km² . It is located on the Fiora river and in the immediate vicinity of Monte Calvo (930 m, located in the southern municipal area), Monte Labbro in the west and Monte Amiata in the north in the climatic classification of Italian communities in zone E, 2269 GG.

The main town is divided into three thirds of the city, called Terzieri. The highest and oldest third (Terziere) is Castello , there is the Rocca or today's Palazzo Sforza Cesarini. The Terziere Castello is connected to the third Borgo by the Via Carolina and the Porticciola city ​​gate . The city gate of San Michele (Porta di Borgo) leads to Montecatino , the youngest third of the city. The Peschiera is laid out here.

The districts include Bagnolo (800 m), Bagnore (780 m), Marroneto (690 m) and Selva (788 m).

The neighboring municipalities are Abbadia San Salvatore ( SI ), Arcidosso , Castel del Piano , Castell'Azzara , Piancastagnaio (SI), Roccalbegna and Semproniano .

history

The place was mentioned for the first time in 890 in a document which deals with border issues with Abbadia San Salvatore. Finds from the Neolithic and the times of the Etruscans and Romans suggest an earlier settlement. Fortification works by the Aldobrandeschi are documented from 1082 . Since 1141 writings testify to the Castello Santa Flore . In 1274 the Aldobrandeschi family split into two branches. One remained with headquarters in Santa Fiora, the other resided in Sovana and Pitigliano . Arcidosso , Castiglione d'Orcia , Roccastrada , Selvena and Semproniano also belonged to the county of Ildebrandino di Bonifazio at that time . In the middle of the 14th century, the place came under the control of the Republic of Siena , when Guidoriccio da Fogliano took several places in the area. The peace treaty between Santa Fiora and Siena was signed in Siena on November 18, 1331. From 1380 to 1384 the place was occupied by Siena. Through the marriage of Cecilia Aldobrandeschi with Bosio Sforza in 1439, the place came under the control of the Sforza , after 1673 that of the Cesarini Sforza. In the 19th and 20th centuries, mining , which mainly produced mercury , was an important economic factor.

Population development

Attractions

The Convento della Santissima Trinità alla Selva in the Selva district
  • Pieve delle Sante Flora e Lucilla , already mentioned in 1142 Pieve in the Terziere Castello. The Aldobrandeschi coat of arms can be seen under the rose window made of travertine . Contains the works Il battesimo di Gesù , Ultima cena and a triptych ( Incoronazione della Vergine , Stimmate di San Francesco and San Girolamo penitente , the predella for this consists of the works Annunciazione, Natività e Adorazione dei Magi ) by Andrea della Robbia .
  • Chiesa della Madonna della Neve (also called della Piscina ), church in the Terziere Montecatino next to the Peschiera , built before 1640, contains the fresco Guglielmo, Monica, Agostino e Nicola da Tolentino (1640) by Francesco Nasini .
  • Chiesa del Suffragio , church in the Terziere Castello in Piazza Carducci. Made between 1716 and 1726.
  • Chiesa di San Giuseppe , church from 1872.
  • Chiesa di Santa Chiara , church in the Terziere Borgo in Via delle Monache, built in 1705. The associated Convento delle Clarisse was left in 1992.
  • Chiesa di Sant'Agostino , church in the Terziere Borgo, built in 1146 as Chiesa di San Michele Arcangelo with a campanile from the 14th century. Has been assigned to the Augustinian order since 1309 and was restored and changed several times until 1681, when the current facade was built. Contains works from the school of Jacopo della Quercia ( Madonna con il Bambino , wooden figure). The other wooden figures Sant'Antonio Abate and San Nicola da Tolentino are of unknown origin. In the sacristy are the canvas paintings Annunziata and Angelo annunziante as well as the altar painting Madonna in trono con il bambino e Santi (16th century) and the wooden panel painting Madonna e il Bambino tra Angeli from the 15th century. Other works in the sacristy are two gold-bronze reliquary busts of Monika von Tagaste from 1765 and 1773 and two canvas paintings of Monika, probably from the 17th century.
  • Chiesa di Sant'Antonio in the Terziere Borgo on Piazza Sant'Antonio, former church from the 16th century. Was destroyed during the occupation of Napoleon Bonaparte's troops. Today only the facade is preserved.
  • Museo delle miniere di mercurio del Monte Amiata , mining museum in the Palazzo Sforza Cesarini.
  • Palazzo Sforza Cesarini in the Terziere Castello, built in 1575 on the remains of the Rocca aldobrandesca , of which the two towers ( Torre degli Aldobrandeschi and Torre dell'Orologio ) were integrated into the building. The Mercury Museum (Museo delle Miniere di Mercurio del Monte Amiata) has been located here since 2002.
  • Palazzo Pretorio , adjacent to the Palazzo Sforza Cesarini on the right. Was restored in the 19th century.
  • Peschiera , fish farm in Terziere Montecatino, built around 1450 and expanded in 1851 by Lorenzo Sforza-Cesarini.
  • Convento della Santissima Trinità alla Selva (district Selva), convent, contains the work Assunzione della Vergine coi Santi Girolamo, Tommaso e Francesco (altarpiece) by Girolamo di Benvenuto
  • Chiesa di San Rocco , church built in 1529 near Marroneto.
  • Chiesa della Madonna Addolorata , church in the Bagnolo district from 1828.

sons and daughters of the town

Community partnerships

The place maintains community partnerships with Pedace ( province of Cosenza ) and Pozzuolo del Friuli ( Friuli-Venezia Giulia ), both Italy.

Santa Fiora in literature

The place is mentioned by Dante in the Divine Comedy in the second part of the Purgatorio (Läuterungsberg / Purgatory, Canto 6, line. 109–111):

  • Original:
Vien, crudel, vieni, e vedi la pressura
d'i tuoi gentili, e cura lor magagne;
e vedrai Santafior com'è oscura!
  • German:
Come cruel one to save the faithful!
See, the disdainful enemy urges them with impunity!
See Santafior in wild robber chains!

( Extensor translation)

photos

  • Palazzo Sforza Cesarini

  • Street Via delle Scalette in Santa Fiora in the local third Borgo

  • Local thirds Montecatino with Peschiera and the Church of Madonna della Neve

  • View from the third of Borgo to Castello

literature

  • Giuseppe Guerrini, Amministrazione Provinciale di Grosseto: Torri e Castelli della provincia di Grosseto. Nuova Immagine Edizioni, Siena 1999, ISBN 88-7145-154-6 , pp. 139 ff.
  • Lucio Niccolai, Fiora Bonelli: Paesi dell'Amiata. Cesare Moroni Edizioni, 2003, pp. 35-47
  • Lucio Niccolai (Ed.): Santa Fiora. Invito alla scoperta del centro storico e del territorio. Edizioni Effigi, Arcidosso 2009, ISBN 978-88-6433-000-6
  • Emanuele Repetti: Santa Fiora nella Val di Fiora. In: Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana (1833–1846), unisi.it (PDF) University of Siena (Italian)
  • Felicia Rotundo, Bruno Santi: Santa Fiora. In: Bruno Santi: Guida Storico-Artistica alla Maremma. Nuova Immagine Edizioni, Siena 1995, ISBN 88-7145-093-0 , pp. 203-211
  • Bruno Santi: I luoghi della Fede. L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore , Milan 1999, ISBN 88-04-46780-0
  • Touring Club Italiano : Toscana. Milan 2003, ISBN 88-365-2767-1 , pp. 685 f.

Web links

Commons : Santa Fiora  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ^ I borghi più belli d'Italia. Borghipiubelliditalia.it, accessed August 9, 2017 (Italian).
  3. ↑ a b c d Lucio Niccolai (Ed.): Santa Fiora.
  4. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on October 6, 2012 (Italian) (PDF; 330 kB)
  5. ↑ Parco degli Etruschi: I terzieri di Santa Fiora ( Memento of the original of March 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on March 18, 2014 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.parcodeglietruschi.it
  6. ↑ a b c d e Felicia Rotundo / Bruno Santi: Santa Fiora. In: Bruno Santi: Guida Storico-Artistica alla Maremma.
  7. ↑ administratively belongs to the main town
  8. ↑ Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on the municipalities 2001 in the province of Grosseto, accessed on March 17, 2014 (Italian)
  9. ^ A b Emanuele Repetti: SANTA FIORA nella Val di Fiora.
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h Bruno Santi: I luoghi della Fede. L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia.
  11. ↑ Official website of the Museo delle miniere di mercurio del Monte Amiata in Santa Fiora , accessed on March 17, 2014
  12. ^ Giuseppe Guerrini, Amministrazione Provinciale di Grosseto: Torri e Castelli della provincia di Grosseto. Nuova Immagine Edizioni, Siena 1999, ISBN 88-7145-154-6 , p. 141.
  13. ↑ santafiora.org on Palazzo Pretorio ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on March 22, 2014 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.santafiora.org
  14. ^ Divina Commedia / Purgatorio / Canto VI . Wikisource
  15. ↑ Divine Comedy (Streckfuß 1876) / Purgatorio . Wikisource