Semproniano

Semproniano
Country	Italy
region	Tuscany
province	Grosseto  (GR)
Coordinates	42 ° 44 '  N , 11 ° 32'  E Coordinates: 42 ° 43 '48 "  N , 11 ° 32' 28"  E
height	622  m slm
surface	81.44 km²
Residents	1,003 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	12 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	58055
prefix	0564
ISTAT number	053028
Patron saint	Vincent of Valencia and Anastasius the Persians (January 22nd)
Website	Semproniano municipality
Panorama of Semproniano (Petricci in the background)

Semproniano is a municipality with 1003 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Grosseto , Tuscany region in Italy .

geography

Location of Semproniano in the province of Grosseto

The community extends over around 81  km² . It is located in southern Tuscany (in the upper Maremma ) about 40 km east of Grosseto , 120 km south of Florence and 120 km north of Rome between Monte Amiata and Saturnia (Manciano municipality). The municipality is predominantly hilly or mountainous and criss-crossed by small valleys between the upper reaches of the Albegna rivers (7 km in the municipality) and Fiora . The place is in the climatic classification of Italian municipalities in zone E, 2 357 GG and is part of the Comunità montana Unione dei Comuni Montani Amiata Grossetana .

Semproniano is characterized by great differences in altitude. The district Rocchette di Fazio is 470 m above sea ​​level , while the district Petricci is 881 m. The main town is 662 m. The other districts include Catabbio (504 m) and Cellena (691 m). A small part of the municipality belongs to the Morellino di Scansano wine-growing region .

The neighboring municipalities are Castell'Azzara , Manciano , Roccalbegna , Santa Fiora and Sorano .

history

The ruins of the Rocca Aldobrandesca in the town center

Various authors derive the place name Semproniano from the Roman tribune Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus the Elder, who, according to Livy ( Liv. XXXIX, 55), founded a Roman colony in Saturnia , 8 km away, in 183 BC . Semproniano is therefore also an early Roman colony. The place was first mentioned in June 849 as casale Simpronianu . Around the year 1000, Semproniano and Rocchette di Fazio were considered to be owned by the Aldobrandeschi family. In 1241 the place was besieged and captured by Frederick II and fell ten years later to Orvieto , but returned shortly afterwards to the Aldobrandeschi, so that when the family branches of the Aldobrandeschi were divided, it fell to the Santa Fiora family . In 1331 the place was conquered by Guidoriccio da Fogliano for Siena , but remained under the control of the county of Santa Fiora. From the middle of the 14th century , Semproniano was subjected to the Republic of Siena, which in 1455 ordered the demolition of the Castello. Until the defeat of the Senese Republic in 1555 against the Republic of Florence , the place remained under the rule of Siena. After that, in 1559, after the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis (like Siena) , the place fell to the Duchy of Tuscany . From 1766 Semproniano belonged to Manciano, then from 1783 to January 29, 1963 Semproniano was a district of the municipality Roccalbegna , after which the place became an independent municipality.

economy

Semproniano lived mainly from agriculture, forestry and mining ( mercury ) until the second half of the 20th century . Sheep breeding and olive growing are still represented at the beginning of the 21st century, but sheep breeding in particular is becoming less and less important. The craft plays an important role. The seclusion of the place and the lack of attractive jobs are forcing many young locals to move to the distant cities. In the last few years tourism as an economic branch has developed strongly. In particular, the proximity to the thermal springs of Saturnia (Manciano municipality) makes it very attractive.

Attractions

Rocchette di Fazio district

The church Chiesa di Santa Croce near the Rocca in the center of Semproniano

• Chiesa di Santa Croce , church from the 12th century in the town center near the castle ruins, restored in 1856 and 1957.
• Rocca aldobrandesca , Aldobrandeschi castle from the 9th century in the town center.
• Pieve dei Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio , Pieve in the town center, which was documented as early as 1277.
• Oratorio di San Rocco , oratory just outside the town center from the 15th century. Was converted into the Monumento ai caduti memorial in 1926 .
• Chiesa della Madonna della Grazie , 16th century church south of Semproniano.
• Castello di Rocchette di Fazio , Aldobrandeschi castle from the 12th century, can now be visited as a ruin.
• Chiesa di Santa Maria della Consolazione , main church in the Rocchette di Fazio district, parish church since 1884.
• Pieve di Santa Cristina , until 1884 the parochial church of Rocchette di Fazio below the Castello, was built in the 13th century. Vacant from the end of the 19th century.
• Ospedaletto di San Tommé (San Tommaso), building from the 14th century in the hamlet of Rocchette di Fazio.
• Palazzo Pretorio , government palace from the 13th century in the district of Rocchette di Fazio.
• Pieve di Santa Lucia , Pieve in the district of Catabbio, was built in the 14th century.
• Chiesa della Ss. Annunziata , church in the Cellena district from the 20th century.

literature

• Ippolito Corridori: Semproniano. Una comunità nella storia. Sedac Edizioni, May 1996.
• Ippolito Corridori, Arturo Santioli: L'Amiata. Edizioni Cantagalli, Siena 1987.
• Giuseppe Guerrini / Amministrazione Provinciale di Grosseto: Torri e Castelli della provincia di Grosseto. Nuova Immagine Edizioni, Siena 1999, ISBN 88-7145-154-6 .
• Titus Livius Patavinus: Roman History, Volume 5 [1] , German translation by Konrad Heusinger , Braunschweig 1821, p. 82
• Emanuele Repetti: SAMPRUGNANO, o SAN PRUGNANO nella Valle dell'Albegna. In Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana (1833–1846), online edition of the University of Siena (PDF, ital.)
• Felicia Rotundo / Bruno Santi: Semproniano. In: Bruno Santi: Guida Storico-Artistica alla Maremma. Nuova Immagine Edizioni, Siena 1995, ISBN 88-7145-093-0 .
• Bruno Santi: I Luoghi della Fede. L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore , Milan 1999, ISBN 88-04-46780-0 .

Web links

Commons : Semproniano  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Semproniano
• Website of the Pro Loco in Semproniano

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the rivers in Semproniano , accessed on June 5, 2013 (ital.)
3. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on June 5, 2013 (Italian) (PDF; 330 kB)
4. ↑ Website of the Unione dei Comuni Montani Amiata Grossetana , accessed on June 5, 2013 (ital.)
5. ↑ Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on the 2001 population figures in the province of Grosseto, accessed on June 5, 2013 (Italian)