Calisthenics
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Calisthenics ( Greek : καλός, kalos “beautiful”, “good” and σθένος, sthenos “strength”) is an internationally used cultural term that integrates self-weight exercises . The focal point of the scene are so-called calisthenics parks. These usually include bars of different heights and positions, which are modeled on bars and horizontal bars . Calisthenics comprise the repertoire of classic apparatus gymnastics and various acrobatic exercises. External weights and accessories are rarely used.
Compared to classic strength training with isolated exercises, the focus is on inter-muscular coordination. In exercises like the “human flag”, different muscle groups cooperate in order to maintain balance. The stability of the body improves.
Training methods
With the exception of weight vests, hardly any additional weights are used. The weight moved during the exercises is largely constant. In order to ensure a progressive additional load, the training in calisthenics is made more difficult by changing the lever arm , transitioning to more difficult exercises (e.g. from pull - ups to one-armed pull- ups ), explosive exercise execution or supersets . Resistance bands can optionally be used.
Common exercises
- Pushups - Push Ups
- Bar support - dips
- Pull-Ups - Pull Ups
- Squats - squats
Community calisthenics
In body weight exercises with a partner or in general partner exercises , two or more participants perform exercises together and use each other as "sports equipment". Examples:
- Squat, jump or hop with your partner shouldered
- Raise your knees with someone on your knee
- Tug of war
- Crunches, legs wrapped around the hips of the standing partner
A disadvantage is that it is more difficult to determine the force required compared to using free weights or machines. Conventional equipment and fitness studios can be dispensed with and training becomes spatially flexible.
history
At the beginning of the 21st century, previously used self-weight exercises were modified and combined with elements from other sports. The starting point was New York. In the public sports parks there, people could also train outside of the gym. The sports or workout parks often have various pull-up bars, parallel bars and hang-up tracks on which you can train with your own body weight. Different groups developed their own style by combining classic calisthenics with exercises from gymnastics , breakdance and freerunning and inventing new movements. These groups put videos of the new form of calisthenics on the Internet and thus triggered a new fashion, including especially in Eastern Europe.
In 2011 the first world championship for calisthenics and street workout took place in Riga . The organizer is the WSWCF (World Street Workout and Calisthenics Federation). The world championship has been repeated annually since then. The best-known representatives of modern calisthenics include the groups Bartendaz, Baristi, Barstarzz, Bar-Barians and Street Workout Ukraine and individuals such as Hannibal for King and Frank Medrano.
Synonyms
Various groups practicing calisthenics formed the term “street workout” or “ghetto fitness”. In addition, the term "Bodyweight Exercises" is ( German bodyweight exercise ) used for the definition of calisthenics. These terms refer to combinations of original calisthenics with other elements.
Calisthenics in Germany
The term calisthenics is not very common in Germany. The exercises used as part of physical education in schools are still called "body weight exercises" or "tension exercises".
In contrast to other countries, Germany did not have any outdoor training parks for a long time. Since 2011, teams for this sport have been created in some cities in Germany and Switzerland. On July 20, 2013, Baristi Workout and the WSWCF organized the first “Street Workout World Cup Germany” in Offenburg, in which several athletes qualified for the World Cup final in Moscow. In 2013, Fit for Fun magazine published one of the first articles about calisthenics in Germany. A report broadcast by Galileo on August 30, 2013 also introduced the sport to the German television audience.
For some years now, the availability of so-called calisthenics parks has also been increasing in Germany . This outdoor fitness equipment is usually found in a central location in urban areas and offers training equipment for calisthenics athletes. Similar to a centralized fitness trail, there are essentially functional and multi-purpose strength training stations in one place. In addition to pull-up bars (horizontal bars), parallel bars, wall bars and hanging bars, there are often horizontal and vertical ladders as well as modifications of them. However, the equipment is more advanced in most other countries. The number of parks has also been quite small so far, with only around 785 parks in Germany.
German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association (DCSV)
In April 2019, seven calisthenics athletes founded the first and currently only sports association under the name Deutscher Calisthenics und Streetlifting Verband eV (DCSV). This is the umbrella organization of all the clubs, informal groups, organizations, initiatives as well as functionaries and actors organized in the Federal Republic of Germany in the sport of calisthenics and streetlifting.
The association has adopted the promotion, dissemination and professionalization of calisthenics and streetlifting sports under the aspect of non-profit status in Germany as a fundamental goal.
Further goals according to the statutes and the mission statement of the association are as follows:
- Promotion and dissemination of sport
- Participation in shaping and pooling resources
- Advice and education
- Networking the community
- Strengthening the calisthenics scene at the local level
- Qualitative competitions for amateurs and professionals
- More calisthenics parks in Germany
- Promotion of physical activity, health and integration
- Public relations and advocacy
- Promotion of young talent
- Access to calisthenics for everyone
- Preservation of the subcultural movement calisthenics and its values
The association currently unites the interests of over 600 people who are either direct members of the association or who belong to one of the association's ten member clubs.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Calisthenics Workout - The portal for calisthenics. In: Calisthenics-Workout.de. Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Wade, Paul: Power Calisthenics - The bodyweight training for maximum muscle strength, flexibility and speed with over 100 exercises . riva Verlag, 2018, ISBN 978-3-7423-0512-1 .
- ↑ Calisthenics. In: TK.de (Techniker Krankenkasse). Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Stryker, Krista, 'Squats for a strong lower body' in The 12-Minute Athlete , New York: Tiller Press, 2020, p.43
- ↑ Monique König; Staenge Leon: Calisthenics X Mobility - Strongly flexible and pain-free . Meyer & Meyer Sport, 2019, ISBN 978-3-8403-7639-9 .
- ↑ Dips - Tutorial & Tips | Exercises on calisthenics workout. In: Calisthenics-Workout.de. November 30, 2013, accessed December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Ludwig v. Geiger: Health training . 2nd Edition. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft mbh, Munich Vienna Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-405-15712-9 , p. 73 .
- ↑ Wiktor Diamant: Master the one-legged squat / pistol squat. In: func-fit.de. February 25, 2016, accessed December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Kraemer, WJ & Fleck SJ, 'Partner exercises' in Strength Training for Young Athletes , Leeds: Human Kinetics, pp. 83-86
- ↑ Lisa Gutknecht, Heike Schönegge: Calistenics: the best exercises to get you started. In: fitforfun.de. April 2, 2019, accessed December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ About. In: WSWCF.org. Retrieved November 13, 2017 .
- ^ Directory for German calisthenics groups
- ↑ Official results of the Street Workout World Cup Germany 2013
- ↑ Calisthenics presented
- ↑ Galileo Report: "Calisthenics - Street Workout"
- ↑ List of spots in Germany. Retrieved November 13, 2017 .
- ↑ Calisthenics Parks - Street Workout Spots Map - Home of the bars. Retrieved July 22, 2018 .
- ^ German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association - DCSV: Statutes. (PDF) In: dcs-verband.de. April 12, 2019, accessed November 16, 2019 .
- ^ German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association - DCSV: Mission statement of the German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association (DCSV). In: dcs-verband.de. Retrieved November 16, 2019 .
- ^ German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association - DCSV: German Calisthenics and Streetlifting Association - DCSV. In: dcs-verband.de. Retrieved November 16, 2019 .