City Museum Kitzingen

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City Museum Kitzingen
Logo Museum Kitzingen.jpg

Former museum logo
Data
place Kitzingen , Bavaria
Art
opening April 6, 1895
Number of visitors (annually) approx. 5,000
management
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-077416

The Kitzingen City Museum was founded in 1895 at the instigation of the Kitzingen City Council and was one of the oldest city museums in Franconia . As a local history museum , it documents both the city ​​history of Kitzingen , which goes back almost 1,300 years , as well as the settlement history of Kitzingen , which goes back to the early Paleolithic Age .

The museum was closed in 2018; In June 2020 the Kitzingen city council decided to finally close and "wind up" the museum.

history

Beginnings

On April 6, 1895, the mayor of Kitzingen, Ferdinand Sertorius, submitted a proposal to the council of Kitzingen municipal representatives for the establishment of a museum collection room in warehouse building No. 4 of the Kitzingen city building yard. On April 19, 1895, the college approved the credit required for the project. The driving force was the board of directors and district administrator Baron Friedrich von Deuster . According to the resolution, the room should be redesigned “in a simple, clean way” to become a municipal museum space. The city building yard was located in the southern wing of the Kitzingen Invalid Barracks, which later became the royal rent office yard, built by master builder Balthasar Neumann in the mid-18th century . On August 11, 1898, a further resolution by the municipal representatives made it possible to set up a museum room on the second floor of the historic Kitzingen town hall, as well as an initial inventory of the holdings. The first museum guides, which appeared in 1901 and again in 1909 and were published by the City of Kitzingen, therefore also refer to the “two municipal museums”. On July 17, 1897, the Kitzinger Zeitung reported on the success of the two previous three newspaper calls from 1896, in which the population was advertised for exhibits corresponding to the museum, such as flags, guild signs, “tin cans”, but also old dimensions and Weights, bells and guild shop, either as a gift or on loan. Accordingly, 400 exhibits had come together.

The first to generously equip the museum was Friederich von Deuster , head of the college . He was the first to hand over various bundles of remarkable and valuable objects to the city museum - and then repeatedly. This can be seen in the museum's first entry book. When exactly this was created is initially not clear from the entries, as the entries up to inventory number 243 were not given a submission date. However, under No. 243 the purchase of the city views by Joseph Peter Walter, which is still a highlight of the collection, in 1898. It can therefore be assumed that this first entry book goes back to the basis of a resolution by the municipal representatives on August 11, 1898, who in this context approved the sum of 50 Reichsmarks for the creation of a first inventory. The following entry also contains a prominent object of the city museum, for example, under No. 244, the handicraft customers of Georg Neubert, exhibited by Valentin Schmidt, from the 18th century are listed, which were given to the city museum by a Munich privy councilor “Löw” for 20 Reichsmarks was. Here the writing and the color of the ink - it is light brown - still resemble the previous entries, so that it can be assumed that this still belongs in the inventory from around 1898. The last two inventory numbers 245 and 246, however, are inscribed in black ink and evidently by a different hand. They date from October 2, 1930 and belong to the seals of the Kitzinger Glaser and Kitzinger rifle dealer, which were added to the book by the State Office for Monument Preservation - probably even by the head of the department, Joseph Maria Ritz. At this point the first incoming book ends, a new incoming book was only created again in 2002.

First museum expansion

At the insistence of the Kitzinger Tourist Association, which had been calling for an improvement in the museum situation since 1927, the number of exhibition rooms in the city museum in the Kitzinger city building yard was increased in 1935 and the then chief curator of the State Office for Monument Preservation, Dr. Joseph Maria Ritz, a contemporary establishment of the Kitzinger Stadtmuseum. The exhibition room in Kitzingen's historic town hall was given up.

Relocation of the city museum

Municipal Museum in the "Kastenhof", 2013

In 1965, the city museum moved into the former economy, later museum and archive building opposite the disabled barracks, the so-called “Princely Brandenburg Box Courtyard” in Landwehrstrasse 21/23. At that time, the exhibition rooms were on the first floor, but the museum holdings were spread across the building and into the rooms of the city ​​archive , which had moved into the building in the basement. Just as there was no separation between the exhibition and the depot, the separation of the museum from the city archive was not completed either. This was exemplified in the area of ​​the prehistoric department set up on the ground floor, which also served as a user room for the city archive. That changed with the start of the renovation and redesign in 2004, when the acting director of the city archive and the museum, Doris Badel, transferred the management of the museum to her research assistant, Stephanie Nomayo (later name Stephanie Falkenstein ). From then on, the city administration set up two separate subject areas and the institutions were separated. In April 2007, the Kitzingen Municipal Museum was reopened after extensive structural renovation work and a complete redesign of the exhibition rooms.

Museum closure

The Kitzingen Municipal Museum was closed in autumn 2018. “Until further notice” it was initially said, it should be reopened with a new concept. Instead, the Kitzingen city council decided in June 2020 in a closed session with 21: 9 votes to finally close and "wind up" the museum. This decision was massively criticized regionally and nationally.

Mission statement

The Kitzinger Städtisches Museum was, as evidenced by the founding circumstances, intended as a place of learning for the city and the surrounding region from the start. The aim, as can be deduced from the collective appeals from 1896, was the preservation and preservation of Kitzingen's traditions, but also the imparting of knowledge about the economic and administrative history of the city of Kitzingen, everyday life as well as the economic and social upheavals and their effects through events in the country's history. Founded in 1895 as the “Municipal Museum”, the choice of the name also shows that it was primarily intended as a regionally oriented museum.

From the beginning, the only possible collection area was the regional area around Kitzingen. This spatial reference was consistently maintained when accepting and purchasing exhibits and had an impact on the composition of the inventory and made it particularly meaningful in terms of social, economic and regional history.

Museum construction (2007-2018)

On 650 square meters, the permanent exhibition showed around 2500 exhibits on two floors. In the basement, the political as well as the economic and social history of Kitzingen were thematized, followed by a further section on settlement history and archeology of the Kitzingen district .

On the upper floor, based on the documentation on the person and work of the chemist and pharmacist Johann Rudolph Glauber , the focus was on alchemy and its fundamentals. The historic Rüdenhausen Castle Pharmacy alone, with around 700 exhibits, including chemical substances and pharmaceutical educts from the 19th century, provided the spatial background for this.

A part of the museum magazine, which is also housed in the house, was open to the public as a viewing depot. It housed a collection of paintings with views of the city and town of Kitzingen as well as portraits of personalities from Kitzingen's town history.

Permanent exhibitions

Georg Neubert's craft customers from the 18th century

In the urban history department, the topographical development of the city of Kitzingen was thematized, starting with the redemption by the Würzburg monastery in 1629 up to the major urban changes of the 19th century that are still effective today. With regard to the administrative and political history of the city, the viewer learned interesting facts from the early days of the city council, which was constituted at the beginning of the 14th century, up to the construction of the town hall in 1563. He was informed about the structures, the rights, but also the wrestling of the Kitzingen citizens about self-administration and gradual detachment from Kitzingen's original cell, the Kitzingen Benedictine monastery founded in the middle of the 8th century . The division of the Church and the Reformation have also left their mark on Kitzingen to this day. Such was the temporal position in 1629, who was elected in the first room, chosen both as a review of the changes and new trends of Kitzinger "evangelical century", starting with the onset in Kitzingen 1522 Reformation, as well as a view of the consequences of recatholicization by Redemption of the city in 1629 by the Würzburg monastery at the time of the Thirty Years' War .

Communion jug from 1607

The main focus in the following department was the high handicraft of the city. Gold and silversmiths were also based in Kitzingen, as were the pewter foundries , who have been in Kitzingen since the 14th century.

Guild jug of the Kitzingen fishermen's and boatmen's guild from the 17th century

Another topic was the boom in trade with the expansion of the Kitzinger port by the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Friedrich Karl von Schönborn (1674–1746) in the 18th century. A topic that is still decisive for the city today was its development into a wine trading city after overcoming the economic crisis caused by secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Diverse aspects of family and social life in the form of the finest tableware, selected furniture and, in some cases, artfully designed luxury items contrasted with the everyday devices of the common people, followed. At this point, the leading figures of the Kitzingen society, such as the Kitzingen musician and composer Armin Knab (1881–1951), the Kitzingen impressionist Berta Kaiser (1875–1962) and the young adult book author Olga Pöhlmann (1880–1969) were presented.

The last relics of the Benedictine monastery , some building fragments from the 13th and 14th centuries, as well as the well-preserved epitaph of one of the last abbesses of the Kitzingen monastery, Magdalena von Leonrod , from the end of the 15th century awaited those interested in the subsequent department. The viewer was confronted with the thematic focus on the political and social development of the city and the monastery of Kitzingen. One of the highlights of the exhibition was the so-called Paul Eber Bible , which was given to the town of Kitzingen in 1562 by Paul Eber (1511–1569), reformer and son of the town, on the occasion of the building of the town hall.

The cultural development steps of the people in the region became comprehensible in the archaeological department. In addition to unique exhibits from the Paleolithic and Metal Ages to the early Middle Ages, an archaeological settlement model and an "information cube" equipped with digital media make it easier for laypeople to get started with the topic. The establishment of the “Archaeological Network Kitzinger Land” and the assumption of sponsorship by the city of Kitzingen in autumn 2006 made it possible to equip the archaeological department through the associated Leader + funding. A network based in the museum offered a link to other archaeological museums and collections in the region, as well as the University of Würzburg , through corresponding project work .

Special collections

Apart from the systematic approach to compiling the collections, which is based on spatial reference, some parts of the holdings can now be viewed as independent special collections.

The prehistoric collection should be mentioned first . It began in 1940 with 4,600 objects from individual private collectors. In the meantime, the scope has expanded considerably, not least due to the acquisition of the finds from the Kitzingen district from the State Office for Land Monument Preservation in Würzburg, when it was dissolved in 2007, and it is now possible to use this inventory to provide an overview of the history of human development and his settlement area in the Kitzinger Land. This special collection also gives the City Museum Kitzingen the opportunity for a comparative, scientific exchange with the corresponding special museums and universities. The presentation is not only aimed at the domestic but also at a national group of visitors.

The city ​​history collection contains, among other things, a collection of topographical city views, plans and maps that is important for the documentation of the structural development of the city. Small-format vedutas , but also magnificent large-format oil paintings, belong to this department, as do photographs from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. There are also copper and steel engravings , as well as prints and calendar sheets with historical and contemporary city views.

From special Kitzingen as a commercial center and transportation hub, the city became the since the mid-16th century, the abundant evidence of tell rafters and the fishermen and - Schiffer guild . The rich collection of guild chests and their inventory, the collection of guild signs and flags, handicraft tools and pictures are evidence of this development and show that pewter foundries and craftsmen also advanced the economy of late medieval and early modern Kitzingen.

Publications

Kitzinger museum publications / series of publications by the Kitzingen Municipal Museum

  • Volume 1: Helga Walter: Klaus Rother. Working in Kitzingen. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2000, ISBN 978-3-924694-17-3 .
  • Volume 2: Erich Schneider (author), Stephanie Nomayo (ed.): "Kitzing am Mayn, over there a sturdy stone bridge". Pictures and descriptions of the town of Kitzingen from the beginning to the middle of the 19th century. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-924694-28-9 .
  • Volume 3: Helmut Gebelein (author), Rainer Werthmann (author), Stephanie Nomayo (editor): Johann Rudolph Glauber. From barber to alchemist. (= Accompanying volume for the special exhibition of the same name, May 18, 2008 to August 31, 2008). Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2008, ISBN 3-89014-296-6 .
  • Volume 4: Helmut Gebelein (author), Rainer Werthmann (author), Stephanie Nomayo (author / editor): Johann Rudolph Glauber. Alchemical way of thinking, new research results and traces in Kitzingen. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-924694-25-8 .
  • Volume 5: Stephanie Nomayo, Frank Falkenstein (Verf./Hrsg.): The Bullenheimer Berg in the focus of modern methods of archeology. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-924694-27-2 .
  • Volume 6: Stephanie Nomayo, Reinhard Feisel (Verf./Hrsg.): The Sieboldgarten in Kitzingen am Main. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-924694-29-6 .
  • Volume 7: Stephanie Nomayo: Saufeder, Hirschfänger and Federspiel. Waidwerk in Franconia until the end of the feudal hunt (= accompanying volume for the special exhibition of the same name, 23 November 2013 to 30 March 2014). Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-924694-31-9 .
  • Volume 8: Stephanie Nomayo (Verf./Hrsg.): Knusper, Knusper, Knäuschen, who has the most beautiful house? The witch in the magic mirror of Franconian cultural history. (= Volume accompanying the special exhibition of the same name, 2010–2011). Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-924694-33-3 .
  • Volume 9: Rhabanus Erbacher (author), Doris Badel (author), Burkhard Lutz (author), Stephanie Nomayo (author / editor): Cantica sacra veteris ecclesiae - music manuscripts of the late Middle Ages in Kitzingen. A contribution to waste research. (= Companion volume to the special exhibition "Parchment Manuscripts" of the City Museum Kitzingen in cooperation with the City Archive Kitzingen). Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-924694-32-6 .
  • Volume 10: Stephanie Nomayo (Verf./Hrsg.): Artistic answers with aftertaste to fundamental questions of human existence. (= Companion volume to two cooperation projects between the City Museum Kitzingen and the Armin-Knab-Gymnasium Kitzingen). Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-924694-36-4 .
  • Volume 11: Stephanie Falkenstein: The Wildhagenvilla. A contribution to the living culture of the early days in Kitzingen. Sauerbrey, Kitzingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-924694-35-7 .
  • Volume 12: Harald Knobling (author), Antje Pöllot (author), Stephanie Falkenstein (author / publisher): Mirror stories . Graphic Novel Collection. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-7460-9239-3 .
  • Volume 13: Hans Will (author), Stephanie Falkenstein (author / editor): Kitzingen in focus. Snapshots captured by Hans Will. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-74604-492-7 .
  • Volume 14: Elisabeth Versl-Waag (author), Stephanie Falkenstein (ed.): Stilles Leben. (= Companion volume to the art exhibition of the same name in the City Museum Kitzingen). Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-75280-463-8 .

Others

  • City Museum Kitzingen (ed.): Lenz, Lenz, Lenz. Barbara, Hella, Wolfgang. (= Companion volume for the exhibition of the same name in the historic town hall in Kitzingen in a cooperation between the Kitzingen City Museum and the PAM cultural association). Röll, Dettelbach 2005, ISBN 978-3-89754-234-1 .

literature

(in chronological order)

  • Short guide through the two municipal museums and the Paul Eber library in Kitzingen am Main. Kitzingen 1901.
  • Klemens Mörmann (ed.): The German museum guide in color. Museums and collections in the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin. Book guild Gutenberg, Frankfurt am Main / Olten / Vienna 1983, DNB 870131540 , p. 545.
  • Stephanie Nomayo: The City Museum Kitzingen, history and culture of the wine town on the Main. In: Museum today. Facts - tendencies - help. Issue 37. Munich 2009, ISSN  0944-8497 , pp. 5-9 ( PDF ).
  • State office for non-state museums in Bavaria (ed.): Museums in Bavaria - A guide through the Bavarian museum landscape. 6th, completely revised edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-422-07382-1 , p. 230.

Web links

Commons : Städtisches Museum Kitzingen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Gläser: City of Kitzingen finally closes its museum. In: BR.de. June 29, 2020, accessed July 15, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Mayor Ferdinand Sertorius: Letter to community representatives In: Stadtarchiv Kitzingen No. IV / C / 7/15, April 6, 1895
  3. ↑ Resolution of the council of authorized representatives on April 19, 1895 In: Kitzingen City Archives No. IV / C / 7/15, April 19, 1895
  4. ^ Resolution of the council of authorized representatives on May 13, 1896 In: Kitzingen City Archives No. IV / C / 7/15, May 13, 1896
  5. ↑ Short guide through the two municipal museums and the Paul Eber library in Kitzingen am Main Verlag Meschett and Hissiger, Kitzingen am Main, Kitzingen 1901
  6. ^ Short guide through the two municipal museums and the Paul Eber library in Kitzingen am Main, Valentin Hissiger publishing house, Kitzingen am Main, Kitzingen 1909
  7. ↑ Resolution of the council of authorized representatives on August 11, 1898 In: Kitzingen City Archives No. IV / C / 7/15, August 11, 1898
  8. ↑ The book ends with inventory number 246, a signet ring of the Kitzinger Glaser, given by the State Office for Monument Preservation.
  9. ↑ Stadtarchiv Kitzingen: Association for the promotion of tourism, letter to the city council on October 5, 1927 In: Kitzingen Town Archive No. IV / C / 7/8, October 5, 1927
  10. ^ Ritz, Joseph Maria: The newly organized local history museum of the city of Kitzingen In: Kitzinger Zeitung No. 179 / 3rd sheet
  11. ^ Nomayo, Stephanie: The City Museum Kitzingen, History and Culture of the Wine Town on the Main In: Museum today. Facts - tendencies - help; ed. v. Stäbler, Wolfgang, Munich 2009, p. 5.
  12. ↑ Andreas Brachs: City council closes the municipal museum and winds it up. In: Die Kitzinger (infranken.de). June 28, 2020, accessed July 6, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Ralf Dieter: Reactions to the closure of the museum are emotional: “incomprehensible” and “shameful”. In: Die Kitzinger (infranken.de). June 30, 2020, accessed July 12, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Lukas Kutschera: End of the Kitzinger Stadtmuseum: Readers criticize the approach of the city council. In: Mainpost.de. June 30, 2020, accessed July 12, 2020 .
  15. ^ Andreas Brachs: Kulturpolitische Gesellschaft criticizes museum closure. In: Mainpost.de. July 6, 2020, accessed July 12, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Hans Kratzer, Olaf Przybilla: A city handles its story. In: Sueddeutsche.de. July 10, 2020, accessed July 12, 2020 .
  17. ^ Jürgen Gläser: City Museum Kitzingen: City ignored help from the state office. In: BR.de. July 13, 2020, accessed on July 14, 2020 .

Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 10 ″  N , 10 ° 9 ′ 55.26 ″  E