Library sigla

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A library seal is a unique identifier for libraries and related institutions (e.g. archives and museums ). The seals are issued by central offices in many countries and are mainly used in association catalogs , for interlibrary loans and for data exchange. The international system for library sigla has been the International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations (ISIL) according to ISO 15511 since 2003 .

use

ISIL and library sigla are increasingly being used as primary identifiers for libraries and related institutions. In the long term, the aim is to dispense with the Sigel and only use ISIL instead. ISIL are used, among other things, as MARC organization codes to identify institutions that act directly or indirectly as suppliers of MARC data . The German ISIL agency is also the issuing body for these codes in Germany. In addition to being clearly assigned in an international context, ISILs are also better suited for use as identifiers in Internet applications and other software systems. For example, ekz Reutlingen uses ISIL as an identifier for data coding on RFID chips. In order to be able to use ISIL as an identifier in the context of the Semantic Web , the info: isil namespace was applied for so that each ISIL can be formulated as a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) at the same time .

history

Index for the resolution of property abbreviations from 1914
First index with addresses from 1929

Originally, library sigils were awarded at the beginning of the 20th century as part of the work on the Prussian general catalog (" Althoff System "). The system was administered under the aegis of the “Information Office of the German Libraries” at what was then the Royal Library, later the Prussian State Library, and was further developed for interlibrary loan and general journal directories.

In 2003, the ISIL system was adopted as the international standard ISO 15511. ISIL stands for "International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations" ("International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations"). The ISIL as an internationally unique identifier is intended to simplify cross-border library services and data exchange. All existing library sigla are mapped to the new ISIL.

Award

In Germany, the German ISIL agency and seal office at the Berlin State Library awards library seals and ISIL for institutions in Germany. In addition to the ISIL and code directory online, it publishes a printed code directory every two years. The national ISIL center of the Swiss National Library is responsible for issuing the seal for Switzerland . In Austria, the conversion of the standards A 2657 and A 2656, according to which library seals ("ÖZDB-Sigel") and machine-readable identification ("BIK") are issued, to ISIL is being carried out by the Austrian Library Association . The label offices or ISIL agencies in the individual countries are registered with the ISIL Registration Authority, which is based at the Danish Agency for Libraries and Media in Copenhagen. In addition to the national ISIL agencies, there are currently three agencies that can award ISIL regardless of national affiliation: OCLC operates its own international library directory with WorldCat Registry and integrates its identifiers with the prefix OCLC into the ISIL system. The journal database assigns ISIL with the prefix ZDB for virtual collections of electronic publications (also known as "product labels"), among other things within the framework of national licenses and for foreign libraries participating in the ZDB, for which no national ISIL has yet been assigned. The Library of Congress can also assign ISIL to libraries outside the United States with the prefix M.

structure

ISIL

According to ISO 15511, an ISIL consists of three parts:

  1. A country prefix according to ISO 3166-1 consisting of two letters or a non-country prefix consisting of 1, 3 or 4 letters. Only A to Z characters are allowed. The prefixes are assigned to the local ISIL agencies by the ISIL Registration Authority.
  2. A hyphen minus ( - , ASCII code 45)
  3. The local institution code , assigned by the respective ISIL agency. The letters A to Z and a to z, the digits 0 to 9 and the special characters hyphen-minus ( - ), slash ( / , ASCII code 47) and colon ( : , ASCII code 58) are permitted as characters. The library ID can contain a maximum of 11 characters.

The total length of an ISIL is limited to 16 characters. ISIL agencies can further restrict the possible characters for their namespace or specify a substructure so that already existing marking systems can be partially adopted. If the substructure reflects a geographical breakdown, the standard recommends using codes from ISO 3166-2 . The ISIL agencies are free to use upper and lower case in the library identifier; the assigned identifiers must, however, be unique even without this distinction. To represent a ISIL as a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the namespace was isil (Notification URI namespace 4452 RFC pending).

Examples of ISIL
ISIL ( URI ) ISIL agency Library
info: isil / DE-1 Germany Berlin State Library
info: isil / DE-Tue120 German-American Institute, Tübingen
info: isil / DE-7-022 Library of the Geographical Institute of the University of Göttingen
info: isil / DE-mus- 6 digits Common ISIL mark of the museums
info: isil / CH-001025-1 Switzerland Library of the Swiss section of Amnesty International, Bern
info: isil / AU-TS: RL Australia CSIRO Forestry and Forest Products, Tasmania
info: isil / GB-XY / N-1 Great Britain British Library Document Supply Center Wetherby, West Yorkshire
info: isil / OCLC-BRI OCLC
info: isil / ZDB-1-OJD Journal database Oxford Journals Digital Archive (National License)

German library seal

Based on a numbering of the Prussian libraries, different forms of library sigla developed:

  • Number Sigel consist of numbers that have been enhanced in some cases by annexes letters to identify major department libraries.
  • Place symbols consist of a prefixed place code made up of letters and a number followed by a space. Combinations with letters are also possible after this.
  • Signs for institute libraries consist of the sign of the main library and, separated by a slash, an identifier for the institute library (usually as a number). These seals are no longer issued by the seal office, but directly by the responsible university or college library.

While these forms served their purpose well for everyday library work, using them as identifiers in databases is problematic, since the structure of a library sigla is not as formally defined as that of an ISIL and special characters such as spaces, slashes and umlauts are possible. There is a heuristic for mapping a seal to an ISIL ; to be on the safe side, however, it is better to look up the list of codes, as deviations are possible in individual cases.

Examples of German library seals
Seal Type Library
1 Number seal Berlin State Library
5 N Number seal University and State Library Bonn, Department Library for Medicine, Natural Sciences and Agriculture
B 451 Location sigla U.S. Embassy, ​​Public Affairs / Information Resource Center
Door 120 Location sigla German-American Institute, Tübingen
7/039 Institute seal University of Göttingen, Center for Surgery, General Surgery Department Library
Gö 39 a (outdated)
188/144 Institute seal FU Berlin, Library of the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies

literature

  • Andreas M. Heise: Comments on indexes and library seals on the occasion of the 100th birthday of the former information office of the German libraries. In: Journal for Libraries and Bibliography (ZfBB). Volume 51, No. 5/6, 2004, ISSN  0044-2380 , pp. 305-315 (also as PDF ).
  • ISO: Information and documentation - International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations (ISIL) . ISO 15511: 2003
  • Index of seals for the libraries of the Federal Republic of Germany . 16th edition. De Gruyter, Berlin et al. 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23471-2 ( ISSN  0940-6921 )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Information bureau of the German libraries (ed.): Complete journal directory. Berlin: Royal Library, 1914, pp. XIV-XVII.
  2. ^ Information bureau of the German libraries (ed.): Complete directory of foreign journals (GAZ): 1914–1924. Berlin: Prussian State Library, 1929, pp. XI – XXXII.
  3. ↑ ISIL Registration Authority ( Memento of the original dated August 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / biblstandard.dk
  4. ↑ Allocation of library tags . ( Memento from March 28, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) staatsbibliothek-berlin.de as of October 23, 2006.
  5. ↑ Website Sigel office of the Department IIE