Ladislaus Sunthaym

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Ladislaus Sunthaym (also Ladislaus von Sunthaym , Sunthaim , Sunthain , Sunthaymer ; * around 1440 in Ravensburg ; † late 1512 / early 1513 in Vienna ) was a German historian, genealogist , geographer and clergyman, who mainly worked in Vienna.

life and work

Detail of the Klosterneuburg plaque no.2

Sunthaym comes from a family in the imperial city of Ravensburg in Upper Swabia. He studied theology at the University of Vienna ; there he was elected procurator of the Rhenish nation in 1460 , a kind of manager for the interests of West German students. In 1465 he obtained the academic title of Baccalaureus artium .

He embarked on a spiritual career and received two benefices at St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna in 1473 .

The abbot of Klosterneuburg monastery commissioned Sunthaym in 1485, the year of the canonization of the Austrian margrave Leopold III. to create a family history of the saint who is buried in the collegiate church. By 1489, Sunthaym developed a genealogy and history of the Babenbergs , drawing on works by Otto von Freising and Thomas Ebendorfer's Chronica regum Romanorum . In his genealogy, Sunthaym invented epithets that are still in use today for all Babenbergers or assigned already known epithets to individual people for the first time. Sunthaym's work was exhibited on magnificently illuminated parchment panels , the Klosterneuburg panels , in the collegiate church in Klosterneuburg; soon afterwards, Hans Part created a huge triptych for the church, which made the family tree clear for the numerous pilgrims based on Sunthaym's work with stories from the life of the Babenbergers (see main article Babenberger family tree ). When his work was printed by Michael Furter in Basel in 1491 , Sunthaym became known as a historian and genealogist. In 1498 he belonged to the Sodalitas litteraria Danubiana ( Danubian Scientific Society ) founded by Conrad Celtis .

Monumental painting of the Babenberger family tree, middle section, 1489–1492

At the turn of the century, the Roman-German king and later Emperor Maximilian I planned a major project to fundamentally renew Habsburg historiography based on chronicles, archival sources and (grave) inscriptions. Maximilian was particularly interested in genealogical aspects, with the research of which he entrusted Sunthaym, who seemed particularly suitable due to his now well-known Babenberger family tree. In 1498 he was appointed court chaplain and soon afterwards court historiographer. In addition to Sunthaym, the historians Johann Stabius and Jakob Mennel (also Manlius ) were involved in Maximilian's ambitious historiographical undertaking.

In 1499 Sunthaym received a third benefice in Vienna, and in 1504 he became a member of the cathedral chapter. In 1505 he presented the emperor with a Habsburg tribal history from mythical origins to the most recent times, which, however, did not find favor with the client. Thereupon Sunthaym was supposed to revise the work with Mennel - the result in turn aroused the criticism of Johann Stabius. Sunthaym then turned to the genealogy of other royal houses related to the Habsburgs.

Sunthaym traveled a lot for his research, collected chronicles in monasteries and secular archives and critically compared their records. His tasks also included the description of the countries ruled by the genealogically examined sexes. Due to the numerous topographical details from his own observation and inquiries from contemporaries, some of which he had probably already obtained during previous trips, his geographic works are an important source for regional studies and economic history of Austria and large parts of Upper Germany - his descriptions extend as far as Franconia and in Alsace .

Tradition and editions

Page from the print of the Babenberg Genealogy from 1491

Klosterneuburger Tafeln (also known as Tabulae Claustroneoburgenses , Genealogy of the Babenbergs)

  • Manuscript, so-called Sunthaym panels , 8 magnificently illuminated parchment leaves, Klosterneuburg Abbey
  • The praiseworthy princes vn [d] des lands österrich altharkome [n] vn [d] regier [ung] (a genealogy of the House of Habsburg from Heinrich Steinhöwel's German version of the “Speculum humanae vitae” by Rodriguez Sanchez de Arevalo, around 1476) , Printed by Michael Furter, Basel 1491 ( digitized , full text )
  • Monumental painting of the Babenberg family tree based on Sunthaym's work by Hans Part a. a., approx. 8 m × approx. 4 m, Klosterneuburg 1489–1492
  • Manuscripts in the Austrian National Library Vienna , Cod. 2918, Cod. 7752, Cod. 8700 (the latter online )
  • Manuscript in the Württemberg State Library in Stuttgart , end of the 16th century, HB V 40
  • Manuscript in the Bavarian State Library in Munich , Cgm 1642
  • Tabulae Claustro-Neoburgenses de primis austriae marchionibus et ducibus, stirpis Babenbergicae, eorumque conjugibus et liberis, auctore Ladislao Sunthaim de Ravenspurgk, operam conferente Jacobo praeposito Claustro-Neoburgensi, ad editionem Basileensemgice anni 1491 , German scriptae. by H. Pez, Leipzig 1721
  • Edition in: Floridus Röhrig: The Babenberger family tree in Klosterneuburg Abbey . Edition Tusch, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-85063-042-0

Geographical collections and individual genealogies

  • Manuscript in the Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Cod. Hist. Fol. 249 (geographical chapter edited in Uhde 1993)
  • Manuscript in the Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Cod. Hist. Fol. 250 (also) digitized version of the manuscript
  • Manuscript in the Bavarian State Library in Munich, Clm 1231 (several genealogies, poem from the round table) digitized
  • Manuscript in the Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Schlüsselberg Archive, No. 189
  • Manuscript in the Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Schlüsselberg Archive, No. 193
  • Andreas Felix Oefele : Rerum Boicarum Scriptores. Volume 2, 1763, pp. 557-644 (genealogies and other things from today's Stuttgart manuscripts) Google Books
  • Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz : Scriptores rerum Brunsvicensium. 1707–1711 (Genealogy of the Guelphs) online
  • Franz Pfeiffer: Das Donauthal in: Year book for patriotic history, Vienna 1861, S. 275ff. Google
  • Julius Hartmann: [The whole of today's Württemberg] in: Württembergische Vierteljahreshefte. Volume VII, 1884, p. 125ff.

See also

literature

  • Klaus Arnold: Kitzingen around 1500. The oldest description of the city by the humanist Ladislaus Sunthaym . In: “apud Kizinga monasterium”. 1250 years of Kitzingen am Main. Kitzingen 1995, pp. 127-135
  • Wilhelm Baum: Sigmund the rich in coins and Ladislaus Sunthaym. Remarks on the Habsburgs' understanding of history in the 15th century . In: The Sciliar. 66th year, Athesia, Bozen 1992, pp. 574-586
  • Karl Heinz Burmeister : Ladislaus Suntheim's description of the country of Vorarlberg . In: Montfort. Year 17, 1965, Issue 2, pp. 119–125 full text
  • Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 5, 1997, p. 399
  • Friedrich Eheim: Historical regional research in the age of humanism . In: Publications of the Association of Austrian Historical Societies. Volume 16, Vienna 1965, pp. 102-105.
  • Friedrich Eheim: Ladislaus Sunthaym. A historian from the circle of scholars to Maximilian I . In: Communications from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research. Volume 67, 1959, pp. 54-91
  • Friedrich Eheim: Ladislaus Sunthaym. Life and work . Dissertation, University of Vienna, 1949 (typewritten).
  • Rolf Götz: Ways and wrong ways of early modern historiography. Genealogical collection of ancestral lines of the Dukes of Teck in the 16th and 17th centuries . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2007, ISBN 978-3-7995-5508-1 , pp. 25-32
  • Klaus Graf : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz , Ladislaus Sunthaim and the South German Welf historiography . In: Nora Gädeke (Ed.): Leibniz as a collector and editor of historical sources . (= Wolfenbüttel research; 129). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-447-06624-2 , pp. 33–47 ( full text )
  • Klaus Graf:  Sunthaim, Ladislaus. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-428-11206-7 , pp. 706 f. ( Digitized version ). ( Preprint )
  • Wilhelm Heyd:  Suntheim, Ladislaus v. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 37, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, p. 161 f.
  • Paul Joachimsen : Conception and writing of history in Germany under the influence of humanism . Leipzig 1910, pp. 164-166, 199f., 272f. Wikisource
  • Wilma Keesman: De Bourgondische invloed op de genealogische constructies van Maximiliaan van Oostenrijk . In: Millennium: Tijdschrift voor Middeleeuwse Studies. Volume 8, No. 2, 1994, pp. 162-172
  • Simon Laschitzer: The Genealogy of the Emperor Maximilian I . In: Yearbook of the Art History Collections of the Very Highest Imperial House. Volume 7, 1888. Also as a special print: Vienna, Holzhausen 1888
  • Alphons Lhotsky : Source studies on the medieval history of Austria. Graz / Cologne 1963, pp. 444–448
  • Monika Maruska: Sunthaym, Ladislaus von . In: Walther Killy (Ed.): Literaturlexikon. Lexicon of authors and works. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh and Munich 1988, Volume 11, pp. 290ff.
  • Richard Perger: Sunthaym Contributions . In: Adler. Journal of Genealogy and Heraldry. Volume 10, 1974-1976, pp. 224-239.
  • Tanja Reinhardt: The Habsburg saints of Jakob Mennel . Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg 2002 ( full text )
  • Brigitte Schürmann: The reception of the works of Otto von Freising in the 15th and early 16th centuries . (= Historical Research; Volume 12). Steiner, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-515-04841-3
  • Regine Schweers: Albrecht von Bonstetten and the foreland historiography between the Burgundy and Swabian Wars (= studies and texts on the Middle Ages and early modern times; Volume 6). Waxmann, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-8309-1453-9 , p. 201ff .: Ladislaus Sunthaym and Jakob Mennel. Two foreland historiographers in the vicinity of Maximilian I.
  • Winfried Stelzer : Sunthaym, Ladislaus . In: German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Volume 9. De Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-014024-1 ; Sp. 537-542
  • Karsten Uhde: The description of Eastern Switzerland by the geographer Ladislaus Sunthaym and its reception by Sebastian Münster . In: Peter Rück (Hrsg.): The Confederates and their neighbors in the German Empire of the Middle Ages . Basilisken-Presse, Marburg 1991, ISBN 3-925347-15-1 , pp. 345-368
  • Karsten Uhde: Ladislaus Sunthaym's geographical work and its reception by Sebastian Münster . 2 volumes. Böhlau, Cologne a. a., ISBN 3-412-08592-8 , 1993 ( review )
  • Paul Uiblein: The sources of the late Middle Ages . In: The sources of the history of Austria. Vienna 1982, pp. 50–113, here p. 110

Web links

Commons : Ladislaus Sunthaym  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ladislaus Sunthaym  - Sources and full texts

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ The family can be traced back to Ravensburg from 1378 to 1521. As a patrician , only one Klaus III. Sunthaym (mayor 1480–1485; † 1490). Which Sunthaym is the father of Ladislaus Sunthaym is unknown. ( Alfons Dreher : The patriciate of the imperial city of Ravensburg. From the beginnings to the beginning of the 19th century . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1966). The coat of arms of the Sunthaym is according to the New Siebmacher: Split, in front a branch, above with three (1, 2) stumps, behind three bars. The tincture (coloring) is not specified.
  2. ↑ a b Klaus Graf: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ladislaus Sunthaim and the South German Welfen Historiography , see section literature
personal data
SURNAME Sunthaym, Ladislaus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sunthaym, Ladislaus von; Sunthaim, Ladislaus; Sunthain, Ladislaus; Sunthaymer, Ladislaus; Suntheim, Ladislaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian, genealogist, geographer and clergyman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1440
PLACE OF BIRTH Ravensburg
DATE OF DEATH 1512 or 1513
Place of death Vienna