Alfons Dreher

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Alfons Dreher (born December 18, 1896 in Ravensburg , † August 3, 1980 in Ravensburg) was a German teacher, historian and archivist . Until 1973 he headed the Ravensburg City Archives .

Life

The "Altshauser Hof" in Ravensburg, birthplace of Alfons Dreher

Dreher was born in the " Altshauser Hof " in Ravensburg as the son of a lawyer. He went to school in Ravensburg and did military service for four years during the First World War . From 1919 he studied history, German and Romance languages ​​at the universities of Munich , Freiburg (Switzerland) and Tübingen . Since 1919 he was a member of the Catholic student union AV Guestfalia Tübingen . In 1925 he began teaching as a study assessor in Ravensburg.

Also in 1925, Lord Mayor Hans Mantz commissioned him to rearrange the disordered municipal archives, which had already given rise to complaints by several historians who were willing to provide information. In addition to his work as a grammar school teacher at the Spohn grammar school in Ravensburg (and 1933-1937 in Wangen im Allgäu ), he now sifted through the documents and files of the time in the imperial city (until 1802). Dreher received his doctorate in 1929 under Karl Bohnenberger at the University of Tübingen with a German dissertation on the Ravensburg chancellery language of the 14th century . By 1939 he had compiled seven extensive handwritten repertories in the Ravensburger archive . From 1938 onwards, Albert Hengstler also worked as a part-time employee in the city archive.

Dreher became a member of the NSDAP in 1933 , and from 1934 to 1943 he was also a member of the SA . He was also a member of the National Socialist Teachers' Association (NSLB).

During the Second World War , the archive's holdings were first moved to Weißenau, then to the Ravensburger Spitalturm and the Hatzenturm near Wolpertswende - always in an orderly manner. When the war was returned to the town hall vaults, only a few losses were to be complained about. Shortly after the end of the war, Dreher suggested a collection of eyewitness testimony about the last weeks of the war, which was deposited in the city archives and represents an important source for this time, for which only a few official documents exist.

In 1949, Dreher was judged to be a “fellow traveler” in the course of denazification . He could therefore continue to work as a teacher.

After the Second World War he began to organize the archival holdings of the 19th century and to list them in two other repertories. The nine thick folio volumes of his repertory work with 8,116 pages written on one side (status: 1950) thus cover the period from the beginning of the city's history to 1871 and also contain around 20,000 registers, files and book descriptions. Dreher also created a catalog for the “Old City Library” with Albert Hengstler. He also built up an extensive archive library with literature on regional history. Together with state curator Albert Walzer , he designed the museum of local history in the Vogthaus, which opened in 1955 .

In 1957 Dreher retired as a teacher and from then on devoted himself all the more to work in the archive and now also published the fruits of his many years of study of the city and regional history in the city archive and in external archives in scientific articles and monographs. From 1960 until 1965 he published an extensive, handbook-like article on the Ravensburger patriciate in the magazine for Württembergische Landesgeschichte , which was published independently in book form in 1966. Thematically, the book is much broader than the title The patriciate of the imperial city of Ravensburg suggests and is equivalent to a comprehensive social and economic history of the city in the early modern period.

On the occasion of his 70th birthday in 1966 he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit.

In 1972 Dreher then presented a two-volume history of Ravensburg from the beginnings to the end of the imperial city period, which far exceeded the previous attempts by Johann Georg Ebens and Tobias Hafner in terms of scientific value and is still considered a standard work, at least for the period up to 1648. For the academic reception of the two volumes, however, it was not conducive to the fact that he saw the readership mainly as the citizens of Ravensburg and - in contrast to his approach in the work on the patriciate - largely dispensed with a document and annotation apparatus.

In 1970 he was made an honorary citizen of his hometown Ravensburg in gratitude for his many years of voluntary work and his historical work . Dreher remained in charge of the city archive until 1972. At the end of his tenure, the archive holdings comprised 150 running meters of shelf. His successor from 1973 was Peter Eitel as the first full-time archivist in Ravensburg .

Dreher continued to work in the archive and as a historian, and when he died in 1980, he left behind an unfinished document book with regestations on Ravensburg's medieval history, which, however, was never published posthumously.

Alfons Dreher died after a long illness in his hometown Ravensburg and was buried there in the main cemetery.

Fonts

History of the imperial city of Ravensburg. 1972 (cover of volume 2)
  • The Ravensburger chancellery language of the 14th century (compared to the simultaneous document languages ​​of the cities of Constance, Ueberlingen, Lindau and today's Ravensburger dialect). Dornbirn 1928. (also dissertation, University of Tübingen 1929)
  • Habsburg politics in Upper Swabia 1509–1512. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings. 56th year 1928, pp. 69-83. (Digitized version)
  • Two documents on the history of trade relations between the city of Ravensburg and Venice in the Middle Ages. In: Württemberg quarterly for regional history. NF Volume 36 (1930), pp. 95-98.
  • The old library of the city of Ravensburg. In: Local history messages from the Lake Constance History Association. Volume 3, 1939, pp. 50-56.
  • Ravensburg. A historical guide . Ravensburg 1951. (2nd edition 1958, 3rd edition 1969)
  • On the history of goods in the monastery. In: Weingarten. Festschrift. 1956, pp. 138-158.
  • The end of the great city war and the Weingarten Treaty of August 15, 1389. In: Ulm and Oberschwaben. 36th vol., 1962, pp. 46-56.
  • with Albert Lackner: The towers and gates of the imperial city of Ravensburg. In: Swabian homeland. Vol. 15, 1964, pp. 59-65.
  • About new ideas about the early medieval history of Upper Swabia. In: Journal for Württemberg State History. Vol. 27, 1968, pp. 417-422.
  • The patriciate of the imperial city of Ravensburg. From the beginning to the beginning of the 19th century. first published in sequels in: Journal for Württemberg State History. 1960–1965, later also published independently: Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1966
  • About the origin of two lists of goods from the later Staufer period. In: Journal for Württemberg State History. Vol. 29, 1970, pp. 321-325.
  • with Heinrich Wurm: The Ravensburg and its last renovation before the destruction. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings. 89th year 1971, pp. 49-70. (Digitized version)
  • History of the imperial city of Ravensburg and its landscape from its beginnings to its mediatization in 1802 . 2 volumes. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weißenhorn and Dornsche Buchhandlung, Ravensburg 1972, ISBN 3-87437-084-4 (Volume 1) and ISBN 3-87437-085-2 (Volume 2)
  • Vogthaus, Ravensburg local history museum . City of Ravensburg, Ravensburg 1974 (31 pages)
  • Humpis Henggi (Hans). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974,ISBN 3-428-00191-5, pp. 60 f. ( Digitized version ).

literature

  • Peter Eitel : Alfons Dreher (1896–1980). In: Journal of Württemberg State History. 39th year 1980, p. 303 f.
  • Peter Eitel: Dr. Alfons Dreher †. December 18, 1896–3. August 1980. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings. Volume 99/100, 1981/82, pp. XIII f. and picture S. XI. Page no longer available , search in web archives: (digitized version)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bodenseebibliotheken.de
  • Albert Hengstler: The Ravensburger City Archives. Memorandum on the occasion of the 25 years of office of city archivist Dr. Alfons Dreher, 1925–1950. Ravensburg 1950.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Peter Eitel: Dr. Alfons Dreher †. December 18, 1896–3. August 1980. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings. Volume 99/100, 1981/82, pp. XIII f.
  2. ↑ CV complete list 1961, p. 214.
  3. ↑ a b Denazification file at LEO-BW
  4. ^ Albert Hengstler: The Ravensburger Stadtarchiv . 1950, p. 4 f.
  5. ^ Peter Eitel: Ravensburg in the 19th and 20th centuries . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2004, ISBN 3-7995-0138-X , p. 293.
  6. ^ Albert Hengstler: The Ravensburger Stadtarchiv . 1950, p. 5 f.
  7. ↑ cf. also Fabian manual
  8. ↑ Details in the open-access magazine
  9. ^ A b Thomas Wolf: Imperial cities in times of war. Studies on the constitutional, economic and social history of Isny, Lindau Memmingen and Ravensburg in the 17th century . Verlag Memminger Zeitung, Memmingen 1991, ISBN 3-927-003-01-8 . (also dissertation, University of Munich 1990)
  10. ↑ a b A passionate historian. In: Schwäbische Zeitung . August 5, 1980, p. 15.
  11. ^ Peter Eitel: Ravensburg in the 19th and 20th centuries . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2004, ISBN 3-7995-0138-X , introduction and note 3 (Eitel notes that Dreher deals with the period of economic decline 1648 to 1802 on only 27 pages and that this period is therefore the worst researched in the history of the city )
personal data
SURNAME Dreher, Alfons
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher, historian and archivist
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Ravensburg
DATE OF DEATH 3rd August 1980
Place of death Ravensburg