Altshauser Hof
The Altshauser Hof was the residence of the Altshausen Teutonic Order in the Free Imperial City of Ravensburg in Upper Swabia . The building is located in the west of Ravensburg's old town at today's Eisenbahnstraße 35.
history
The Altshauser Hof is one of the few new buildings in the imperial city of Ravensburg that were built between the Thirty Years' War and the mediatization in 1802.
Teutonic order coming Altshausen
Like the Weingarten , Weißenau and Baindt monasteries , the Altshausen Order of the Teutonic Order also had a settlement in the imperial and market town of Ravensburg for many centuries. Already in 1404 she had bought a house near the Carmelite monastery, probably in the area of Kohlstrasse or Klosterstrasse.
When this property no longer met the requirements, the Teutonic Order Coming bought a new town house on the western city wall - the Altshauser Hof. Probably one of the deciding factors for the relocation was that there was enough space available for the construction of an extensive grain barn at this new, not yet so densely built-up location. This was then built on the opposite side of today's Eisenbahnstrasse as an elongated gable roof building .
The Teutonic Knights could stay in this building when they were busy in the imperial city, from here the sale of the income in kind of the order, especially of grain, was organized on the Ravensburg market and the possessions of the order in the city and its surroundings were administered.
Johann Caspar Bagnato
Almost at the same time as the Teutonic Order, based on plans by Johann Caspar Bagnato , a Baroque builder and building director of the Deutschordensballei Swabia-Alsace-Burgundy, began building a new castle in Altshausen , she also left the town house in Ravensburg - the Altshauser - between 1729 and 1731 Courtyard - rebuild. The master builder was also Bagnato, who built numerous baroque buildings in southwest Germany and Switzerland for the Teutonic Order , but also for other religious and secular clients .
In Ravensburg, in addition to the Altshauser Hof, there are also the Bauhütte (1729), the Hofgut Büchel (converted into a country estate in 1738 after the purchase of Bagnato, but largely new construction 1913/15), the Veitsburgschlösschen (1752) and the facade of the Marktstrasse 20 house (1752) Works of the builder.
Thurn and Taxis
After the abolition of the Teutonic Order (1809), the Altshauser Hof served as the Thurn und Taxis post office from 1825 to 1851 . When the Württemberg state took over the postal service that year, as it had between 1805 and 1819, the post office was relocated to the train station in 1852.
Later owners
The new owner of the building was initially the industrialist Otto Deffner (1866–1949) from Esslingen , a liberal democrat and an important player in the revolution of 1848/49 in Ravensburg. A little later he opened a cotton weaving and embroidery mill in the former grain store of the Teutonic Order opposite or the former carriage depot of the Thurn and Taxis post office (Eisenbahnstraße 26), which in 1860 already had over 100 workers. The Dreher family succeeded Deffner as owners of the house in 1884. Attorney Georg Dreher founded a law firm in 1884 that is still family-owned and was based in the company until the end of June 2018. The Altshauser Hof is the birthplace of the long-time Ravensburg city archivist, historian and honorary citizen of the city, Alfons Dreher (1896–1980).
Architectural style
The baroque Altshauser Hof is a two-story, plastered building with corner pilasters and plaster strips on the base and eaves with a tiled mansard roof in a striking corner position. Originally the building was completely free-standing. Its facades are 17 meters long towards Eisenbahnstraße and 12 meters towards Mauerstraße. A three-axis and three-storey central projection emerges effectively on the front side facing the Eisenbahnstraße; it is framed by pilasters , structured by cornices and various types of window coverings and ends with a flat triangular gable with an oculus . With the exception of the risalit, the ground floor has beautiful, large round arched windows, while the first floor has vertical rectangular windows throughout. In the back yard there is a leaded glass window with a picture of St. George , based on the dragon slayer legend that goes back to him .
The coat of arms of the client, the Teutonic Order Commander Franz Ignaz Anton Freiherr von Reinach, who was Land Commander of the Teutonic Order in Altshausen from 1730 until his death in 1735, is located above the entrance portal with a straight lintel . The four-part coat of arms with the Teutonic Cross and the lion - both motifs also recur as helmet decorations - is surrounded by cannon barrels and balls, lances, flags and drumsticks - warlike symbols that refer to the fact that the young Reinach, a member of the German since 1710 Order, in the Turkish war of the years 1714 to 1718 in the Balkans and in this context, under the leadership of Prince Eugene, also took part in the conquest of Belgrade in 1717.
The two-story extension with platform and railing on Mauerstraße was built in 1904. Structural changes to the Altshauser Hof in the neo-renaissance and neo- baroque styles (facade structure with fluted pilasters, plastic window frames) from the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century were mainly removed during a renovation in 1966, so that the baroque building has almost been restored since then has its original appearance. However, conversions, initially for the purposes of the post office and later to build private apartments, have completely changed the interior of the Altshauser Hof.
literature
- Tobias Hafner: History of the City of Ravensburg . Ravensburg 1887, pp. 273, 719.
- Hans-Martin Gubler: Johann Kaspar Bagnato and the construction of the Teutonic Order in the Alsace-Burgundy Ballei in the 18th century . Sigmaringen 1985, p. 330ff.
- Alfons Dreher: History of the Imperial City of Ravensburg . 2 vol., Weißenhorn / Ravensburg 1972, pp. 153ff., 445, 795, 802.
- Peter Eitel: Pictures from the Schussental . Ravensburg 1987, p. 98ff.
- Eberhard Fritz: Kingdom instead of religious orders. The secularization and mediatization of the Teutonic Order Coming Altshausen . In: Volker Himmelein, Hans Ulrich Rudolf (ed.): Old monasteries - new masters. Secularization in the German southwest. Essays, Part One . Ostfildern 2003. pp. 529-542.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Historical information on the Altshauser Hof , accessed on March 16, 2013
- ↑ Relocation to Parkstrasse in Ravensburg announced on July 1, 2018 on dreher-partner.de , accessed on June 27, 2018
Coordinates: 47 ° 46 ′ 59.4 " N , 9 ° 36 ′ 35.8" E