Lengfurt

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lengfurt
Triefenstein market
Coat of arms of Lengfurt
Coordinates: 49 ° 48 ′ 36 ″  N , 9 ° 36 ′ 14 ″  E
Height : 152 m above sea level NN
Residents : 1719  (December 31, 2017)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 97855
Area code : 09395
Lengfurt (Bavaria)
Lengfurt

Location of Lengfurt in Bavaria

Lengfurt is a district and with 1719 inhabitants the administrative seat of the Triefenstein market in the Lower Franconian district of Main-Spessart . It is located directly on the Main in the lower right corner of the Main Square . The ford over the Main gave Lengfurt its name and was of national importance until the Main Bridge was built in Marktheidenfeld . The winegrowing and skipper's village Lengfurt was first mentioned in a document in 1102.

Lengfurt district

history

Lengfurt, seen from the Main Bridge

The winegrowing and skipper's village Lengfurt was first mentioned in 1102 in connection with the establishment of the Triefenstein monastery on the opposite side of the Main by Bishop Einhard. In the 9th century the region was already settled on the southeastern edge of the Spessart , which suggests that the Lengfurt settlement is much older than the first documented mention in 1102. This assumption is confirmed by an entry in the register of acquisitions by the Benedictine Abbey of Fulda . "Lengesfurt" is listed there in the form of a donation. An unknown Count Egino handed over his property in Lengfurt to the Fulda Abbey. However, this donation cannot be dated exactly, but it was probably made between 780 and 800.

As the name of this donation makes clear, the place name has had different expressions in the course of history.

Etymology of the place name

The place name consists of the name parts "Leng-" and "-furt". The basic word "-furt" refers to the Main crossing. This initially consisted of a ford , later the Main was crossed in Lengfurt with boats and ferries. The initial syllable "Leng-" connotes a long ford in the longitudinal direction diagonally across the Main. Probably based on the neighboring communities of Trennfeld and (Markt-) Heidenfeld , older sources often speak of "Lengfeld" instead of "Lengfurt". The first part of the name "Leng-" is also passed down differently. So around 800 people speak of "Lengesfurt", 1102 of "Lengfurt" and in 1530 of "Langfurt". In the following, the first major section of Lengfurt's history from its foundation to 1612 is summarized.

From the foundation to 1612

When the Triefenstein Monastery was founded in 1102, large parts of Lengfurt were transferred to the Triefenstein Monastery. From then on, the monastery Triefenstein that shared Klosterholz churches and the Canons Triefenstein the tithe and large parts of the land. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the Triefenstein monastery acquired vineyards and a large part of Lengfurt. In addition, the monastery secured the Mainfahr and extensive fishing rights . This acquisition was facilitated by the special connection between Lengfurt residents and the Triefenstein monastery. The Office of was in that time Procurator and the Office of the Provost exercised a few times by Lengfurter residents. There were also many serfs in Lengfurt who had to pay their dues to the Triefenstein monastery.

It is characteristic of Franconia that no areas with sole rights were created, but rights coexisted or overlapped. This is clearly evident in Lengfurt. At that time the place was separated by today's Kaisergasse and Rentamtstrasse in Uffhofen (Oberhofen) and Niederhofen (Unterhofen). This separation shows the influences of the different rights holders such as the Triefenstein Monastery and the Holzkirchen Monastery. Despite the division into two parts, Lengfurt had a common village wall and was also referred to as a village in documents.

In 1526 Lengfurt received a seal and other privileges from Count Georg II.

1612 until the beginning of the Second World War

Exterior fresco, Napoleon's crossing of the Main in 1812

In 1632 in Lengfurt the raging plague , where a large part of the population died. In order to avert worse consequences and to drive the plague out of Lengfurt, the people of Lengfurt prayed to St. Sebastian, the patron saint of plague sufferers. They vowed to commemorate him with a solemn ceremony every year, should the plague give way. Shortly afterwards the plague left the village and the people of Lengfurt have celebrated the Sebastianifest every year since then.

On May 13, 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte passed Lengfurt for the third time. The house in which he is said to have stayed is now adorned with a corresponding exterior fresco, as can be seen in the picture.

Sebastianifest 1898 on the market square in Lengfurt

In the course of time, the custom of the Sebastian Festival must have declined, because in 1866 the people of Lengfurt renewed their vows. This happened shortly after cholera claimed two lives in one day. The statutes and procedures in force today go back to this year and are celebrated every year to this day. The members of the Sebastianivereins keeping with frock coats , cylinders and muzzle- off rifles parades through Lengfurt. They celebrate a solemn festival service and a devotion. After the devotion, they get together for the highlight of the festival on the market square, to wave the flag. The oldest photos of the festival date from around 1910, as can be seen in the picture next door.

With the ford as the Main crossing, which is part of the Via Publica , Lengfurt gained supraregional importance. This lasted until the Main Bridge in Marktheidenfeld was built in 1846 , with which the traffic shifted to the new street and the importance of Lengfurt declined. Even building our own bridge in 1904 could not change that.

The critical economic situation in Germany from 1930–1933 was also felt in Lengfurt. The workforce of the cement works as the largest employer in town was reduced; at times a complete closure of the plant feared. The NSDAP , which also received support in Lengfurt, promised a way out of this predicament .

The new government's promises of work and bread were fulfilled in Lengfurt for several years. Major construction projects created jobs and peak activity in the cement plant. The new road to Marktheidenfeld was built in 1934/35, the Lengfurt barrage was completed by 1937, followed by the Lengfurt run-of-river power plant in 1940 . In 1939 settlement houses were built with government support.

Lengfurt since the Second World War

The most pressing problems for the community after the end of the Second World War were securing the supply of drinking water and firewood. Since the Main Bridge and the main water pipes built into it were blown up, the disused drinking water wells had to be put back into operation. In addition, the ruins of the bridge blocked the Main.

In the following years, many displaced persons and refugees came to Lengfurt, whose integration turned out to be very difficult because of the large number of newcomers and the scarce supplies. In some cases, potatoes and grain from the farmers had to be confiscated in order to distribute them to the community.

As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , Lengfurt was united with Homburg, Trennfeld and Rettersheim on May 1, 1978 to form the Triefenstein market . Lengfurt became the administrative center.

In 1998 the old town renovation begins. In the course of this, a large part of the streets in the old town have been renovated and many houses have been renovated in their original construction.

geography

geology

The geological subsoil in Lengfurt belongs to the geological formation of the Triassic . This is divided into three layers: Buntsandstein , Muschelkalk and Keuper .

climate

Due to the Main and the location east of the Spessart, there is a special microclimate around Lengfurt. The Main reflects the sun, which is of particular benefit to viticulture. Especially in autumn, the river often creates fog after the sun has set, which lingers in the river valley until the next morning. It is due to the location east of the Spessart that snow falls a few kilometers to the west, especially in the winter months, while in Lengfurt there is little or no precipitation.

Lengfurt
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
3
-2
 
 
5
-2
 
 
10
1
 
 
14th
4th
 
 
19th
8th
 
 
22nd
11
 
 
24
13
 
 
24
12
 
 
20th
9
 
 
14th
5
 
 
8th
2
 
 
4th
-2
Temperature in ° C
Source: Urlaubplanen.org
Average monthly temperatures for Lengfurt
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 3 5 10 14th 19th 22nd 24 24 20th 14th 8th 4th O 14th
Min. Temperature (° C) −2 −2 1 4th 8th 11 13 12 9 5 2 −2 O 5
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 1 3 4th 6th 7th 7th 7th 6th 5 3 1 1 O 4.3
Rainy days ( d ) 10 8th 8th 9 10 10 10 10 8th 8th 10 10 Σ 111
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
3
−2
5
−2
10
1
14th
4th
19th
8th
22nd
11
24
13
24
12
20th
9
14th
5
8th
2
4th
−2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		{{{nbjan}}}
{{{nbfeb}}}
{{{nbmär}}}
{{{nbapr}}}
{{{nbmai}}}
{{{nbjun}}}
{{{nbjul}}}
{{{nbaug}}}
{{{nbsep}}}
{{{nbokt}}}
{{{nbnov}}}
{{{nbdez}}}
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

politics

The first local elections after World War II took place in January 1946. Georg Bayer ( CSU ) was elected as the first mayor . In addition, 7 municipal councilors were elected, of which Michael Herberich (CSU) became second mayor. The other councilors were Karl Behl (CSU), Fridolin Kahles (CSU), Josef Konrad (CSU), Franz Liebler (CSU), Wilhelm Ott (CSU) and Erich Schulze ( SPD ).

Economy and Infrastructure

Lengfurt barrage

The current district of Lengfurt was on the Via Publica , which was mentioned in 839 under Ludwig the Pious . The route of this historic long-distance trade route between Flanders and Bohemia (here: section between Aschaffenburg and Würzburg) is essentially followed today by federal highway 8 .

The cement works, founded in 1899, went into operation in the spring of 1901. It has belonged to HeidelbergCement since the early 1920s .

A bridge has been crossing the ford since 1904; Today's Main Bridge Lengfurt is a new building from 1954.

The west loop of the Franconian Marienweg crosses the Main near Lengfurt and leads through Lengfurt towards Würzburg.

In 1881 Lengfurt was connected to the railway network with the Lohr – Wertheim railway line, and the line was closed in 1991.

1998–1999 the Main Cycle Path was built between Marktheidenfeld and Lengfurt. This section is part of the Main Cycle Path, which leads from the origins of the river in the Red and White Main to its confluence with the Rhine.

Viticulture

The Triefenstein canons introduced viticulture in the district because they needed mass wine; the historic vineyard walls are still there, partly badly weathered. The small individual layers have been preserved until today Lengfurter Altersberg (ha just under 3; Silvaner and Rivaner ) and Lengfurter Oberrot , named after the reddish rock Rötquarzit where mainly red wine ( Pinot Noir , Pinot Madeleine , St. Laurent and Blue Franc ) is grown. The vineyards of Lengfurt border on the more well-known southern, climatically favorable locations of the Homburg Kallmuth .

education

The first Lengfurt teacher mentioned in a document was Christoffel Winter in 1575. Since then, teaching has been carried out in many different places in Lengfurt. Today it is mainly the primary school and the educational establishment.

The school system

Primary school in Lengfurt, started in December 2013

For a long time the school building in Lengfurt was the house at Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 38 on the market square. In 1955 the tax office, which up until then was in Lengfurt, was relocated to Marktheidenfeld. The community bought the now empty building at Schulgasse 1 and converted it into a school building. There were four classrooms, a film room, a teaching kitchen, a library, a staff room and various side rooms. The official takeover took place on September 1, 1957.

The Lengfurt Association School was founded on September 11, 1969. It still consists of school children from Lengfurt, Homburg, Trennfeld and Rettersheim. In the absence of a suitable shared school building, teaching was initially carried out in 5 different buildings. In 1972 the construction of a joint school building in Spessartstrasse in Lengfurt began. This was completed on October 18, 1975 and is still an association school for the four Triefenstein villages.

Due to the decline in the birth rate, grades 5 and 6 were relocated to Marktheidenfelder Hauptschule from the 2007/2008 school year. Since then, Lengfurt has only had one primary school with grades 1 to 4.

The educational institution

The primary task of the employers' liability insurance association is the prevention of work accidents and occupational diseases. Among other things, this is achieved through a wide range of seminars in the various educational institutions. For this reason, in 1993 the trade association Metall Nord Süd set up a training center for occupational health and safety in Lengfurt.

The floor area of ​​approx. 17,000 m² is shared by the training and hotel parts of the educational facility. The training area offers, among other things, various seminar rooms, group work rooms, a work safety studio and a training hall with typical machines from the wood and metal industry. The hotel area comprises over 120 single rooms, a large kitchen with dining room and cafeteria, fitness rooms, a restaurant and a leisure area. More than 40 employees are employed in the training facility, which makes it one of the largest employers in Lengfurt. In addition, the professions of housekeeper and cook are trained.

The professional association for wood and metal is now the sponsor of the training facility .

Leisure and Tourism

"Main-Spessart-Park" campsite

From the “Main-Spessart-Park” campsite, cycle and hiking trails lead through the hillside forests above the Main to Marktheidenfeld .

sport Center

Lengfurt has a sports center on the northern outskirts with indoor and outdoor pools, soccer field, running track and tennis courts. It was built from 1967 to 1971 and handed over on July 19, 1971.

Attractions

The most popular sights in Lengfurt are the Holy Trinity Column on the market square and the parish church. Further architectural monuments from Lengfurt are documented in the list of architectural monuments in Triefenstein .

Trinity Column

Holy Trinity Column after the 2012 renovation

As the inscription on the pedestal indicates, the Holy Trinity Column was erected at its present location on May 3, 1728. Johann Josef Edler von Neuff donated the column to his hometown. In order to set a special monument, he commissioned the then most important Würzburg sculptor Jakob von der Auvera for the figures and the column, the Würzburg master mason Johann Georg Ickelsheimer with planning and execution and Johann Salver for the inscription on the column. Johann Josef Edler von Neuff, who was living in Vienna at the time , had the column built based on the example of the Viennese plague column .

The column itself is made of red Main sandstone . On a square pedestal stands an obelisk with angel heads made of green Main sandstone on all sides . Above it rises the Trinity Father, Son and Holy Spirit. On the four corners of the pedestal are the figures of John the Baptist and Joseph of Nazareth , the namesake of the founder; also from the plague saints Sebastian and Rochus . From 1612 to 1613 the plague raged in Lengfurt, claiming over 50 victims. Thereupon the Lengfurters vowed the annual procession to Mariabuchen , which still takes place today, under the patronage of St. Rochus. In 1632 the plague struck Lengfurt again, whereupon the Lengfurters sought help from St. Sebastian, which we got. Since then, the annual Sebastianifest has been held in his honor in January.

Several restorations of the Holy Trinity Column took place in the 19th and 20th centuries. In 2012 the column was restored again.

Parish Church of St. James the Elder

Parish Church of St. James the Elder 2010

A church in Lengfurt is first mentioned in 1416 in Triefensteiner Urbar B. The current St. Jakobus parish church dates from 1613. The original construction of the church was arranged by Julius Echter . This is recorded with an inscription stone above the south portal of the church:

1613 - The Thodtfall makes this village vermanth
Bishop Julius out of Echter Stam
Nimbt himself and Thought about it
The most important thing is pastoral care Planting
religion
because of that And because in the vogt underthon
he endowed parish priest builds churches New
Whose God is forever protector

The following year, 1614, the church on Sunday was in front of the Nativity of Mary consecrated . The church at that time was quite unadorned except for the windows with Gothic tracery . Today's appearance is mainly characterized by the renovations in the early 18th century. The eastern part of the church was lengthened and raised and the old tower was demolished and replaced by a new one on the northeast side. As a coronation, it has double lanterns in the form of small octagonal tempietti . The dial of the associated church tower clock bears the inscription "1704". This reconstruction of the church was consecrated on June 20, 1707 by Auxiliary Bishop Johann Bernhard Mayer.

The furnishings (altars, pulpit, ceiling frescoes of the flat ceiling) are baroque.

Personalities

Associated with Lengfurt are:

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Facts & Figures. Triefenstein market, archived from the original on August 21, 2019 ; accessed on August 21, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Edith Müller, Burkhard Kuhn, Horst Otremba: Lengfurt - A boatman's and winegrower's village through the centuries , Markt Triefenstein municipality, Triefenstein, 2008, pp. 69–78
  3. ^ Ernst Friedrich Johann Dronke: Traditiones et antiquitates Fuldenses , Fulda 1844, 20, cap. 4, no. 81.
  4. ↑ a b c Edith Müller, Burkhard Kuhn, Horst Otremba: Lengfurt - A boatman and winegrowing village through the centuries , Markt Triefenstein municipality, Triefenstein, 2008, pp. 20-21
  5. ^ J. Schnetz: Older history of Neustadt am Main , in: Annual report on the Royal Humanist Gymnasium in Lohr am Main , Lohr, 1914
  6. ^ Josef Hasenfuß , Ernst A. Englert: Hafenlohr, Windheim and Marienbrunn; from the past to the present , Hafenlohr 1974, pp. 182–199
  7. ↑ August Amrhein: Das Landkapitel Lengfurt , Würzburg, 1886 (= Franconia Sacra. Ed. JB Stamminger, and A. Amrhein), p. 271
  8. ↑ a b c d e Edith Müller, Burkhard Kuhn, Horst Otremba: Lengfurt - A boatman and winegrower village through the centuries. Municipality of Markt Triefenstein, Triefenstein, 2008, pp. 8–9.
  9. ↑ Federal Water and Shipping Administration: Origin and development of the Aschaffenburg Waterways and Shipping Office ( memento from January 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) , in: Chroniken , Aschaffenburg, February 14, 2012, accessed on July 19, 2013
  10. ^ A b c Friedrich Cremer, Ernst Hummel: The development of Lengfurt after the 2nd World War 1945–1978 . In: Edith Müller, Burkhard Kuhn, Horst Otremba (eds.): Lengfurt - A boatman and winegrower village through the centuries . Municipality of Markt Triefenstein 2008, p. 59 .
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 763 .
  12. ^ Ulrich Roos: The geology of Lengfurt . In: Edith Müller, Burkhard Kuhn, Horst Otremba (eds.): Lengfurt - A boatman and winegrower village through the centuries . Municipality of Markt Triefenstein 2008, p. 11 .
  13. ↑ Tourism Association Franconia e. V .: Routing . In: The MainRadweg . ( mainradweg.com [accessed April 28, 2014]).
  14. ↑ Files of the primary and secondary school Triefenstein