White main

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White main
Course of the White Main (interactive map)

Course of the White Main ( interactive map )

Data
Water code EN : 24
location Fichtel Mountains

Germany

River system Rhine
Drain over Main  → Rhine  → North Sea
source on the eastern slope of the Ochsenkopf in the Fichtelgebirge
50 ° 1 ′ 47 ″  N , 11 ° 49 ′ 26 ″  E
Source height 887  m above sea level NN
Confluence with the Red Main to the Main
near Schloss Steinenhausen south of Kulmbach Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '14 "  N , 11 ° 23' 51"  E 50 ° 5 '14 "  N , 11 ° 23' 51"  E
Mouth height 298  m above sea level NN
Height difference 589 m
Bottom slope 11 ‰
length 51.7 km
Catchment area 636 km²
Discharge at the Ködnitz gauge (49% of the catchment area)
A Eo : 313.43 km²
Location: 15.2 km above the mouth 		NNQ (1976)
MNQ 1961–2006
MQ 1961–2006
Mq 1961–2006
 MHQ 1961–2006
HHQ (2006) 		488 l / s
1.08 m³ / s
4.03 m³ / s
12.9 l / (s km²)
 50.7 m³ / s
123 m³ / s
Outflow
A Eo : 636 km²
at the mouth 		MQ
Mq
 		9.2 m³ / s
14.5 l / (s km²)
Weißmainquelle

Weißmainquelle

The White Main , also called Weißmain (not to be confused with the (!) Weismain ), is the shorter and richer of the two source rivers of the Main . It rises in the Fichtelgebirge and flows at Steinenhausen , on the western outskirts of Kulmbach, as a right, northern source river with the Red Main to the Main.

The catchment area of ​​the White Main lies above light granite rock , which makes the river appear clear and rather bright.

geography

source

→ Main article: Weißmainquelle

The Weißmainquelle is 887 m above sea level. NN on the eastern slope of the Ochsenkopfes . Margrave Friedrich laid it down and had it set in granite blocks in 1717. He had the Hohenzollern coat of arms carved into the granite. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Karl Ludwig von Knebel visited the spring on July 1, 1785, but held the Seehausbrunnen ( ( 50 ° 1 ′ 56.8 ″  N , 11 ° 52 ′ 18 ″  E ) source of the somewhat longer Paschenbach) southeast of the Schneebergs for the Main source, because Knebel wrote: "... the source of the Main, which rises close to the house and makes up the brook for washing pewter ...". This was also hydrologically correct, because the Seehausbach, also known as the Zinnbach, whose source is almost 50 meters higher than today's Weißmainquelle, was not diverted as an inlet to the Fichtelsee until around 1800 .

Since the White Main has more water than the longer Red Main , its source is considered to be that of the Main as a whole. The main hydrological branch of the Weißmain system actually begins at one of the springs of the Ölschnitz tributary . At its confluence with it, it is considerably richer in water due to a sub-catchment area that is almost twice as large and also over three kilometers longer than the White Main.

course

The White Main initially flows with a steep gradient towards the northeast. After about 1.4 km it feeds a small lake at Bischofsgrün -Karches. A little later it changes direction sharply to the northwest and digs through a narrow valley. Shortly before Bischofsgrün-Fröbershammer he leaves the granite of the central floor. At Fröbershammer it is reinforced by the Kroppenbach, which flows into it from the right. At Bischofsgrün-Rangen it turns its course to the southwest and flows through a very narrow, wildly romantic valley. He then reaches Glasermühle, where the Brombergsbach and shortly afterwards the Lützelmain, also called Lützelmainbach, flow in from the left. The little Steinbach then also reaches him. At Bad Berneck- Schmelz, the Schmelzbach and Zoppatenbach flow from the left. The White Main now turns to the northwest, flows through the village of Bad Berneck-Frankenhammer and then reaches Bad Berneck. There, the 60% larger Ölschnitz and the Rimlasgrundbach stream towards it from the right . Then he passes north of Bad Berneck-Blumenau, where the Obere Wiesenbächlein and a little later the Untere Wiesenbächlein flow to him from the left.

Union of the Weißes (left) and the Red Main near Steinenhausen

At Kremitz it is reached from the left by the Kronach coming from the southeast . It flows through Lanzendorf and Himmelkron, there it takes on the Streitmühlbach from the right and the Laubenbach near Schlömen. Now it turns its course to the west until it reaches Trebgast , where it is strengthened by the stream of the same name coming from the south . It changes its direction to the northwest and flows past Feuln, where it takes up the Feulnerbach and near Ködnitz the Veitsgraben and the Mühlgraben. It flows through Fölschnitz and Kauerndorf, where the Schorgast reinforces it. It now flows in a south-westerly direction past Aichig, where it is fed by the Teufelsgraben, and reaches Kulmbach . In Kulmbach, the White Main divides into the Mühlbach and the flood basin. The Mühlbach is the original course of the river, the flood basin was created as flood protection. There the Purbach and the Dobrach flow to it from the right and from the left the Kinzelsbach. On the western outskirts of Kulmbach at Steinenhausen Castle , the White Main and the Red Main unite to form the Main.

Tributaries

  • Paschenbach (right)
  • Kroppenbach (right)
  • Brommbergsbach (left)
  • Lützelmain (left)
  • Steinbach (left)
  • Schmelzbach (left)
  • Zoppatenbach (left)
  • Oil carving (right)
  • Rimlasgrundbach (right)
  • Upper Wiesenbächlein (left)
  • Lower Wiesenbächlein (left)
  • Kronach (left)
  • Streitmühlbach (right)
  • Laubenbach (right)
  • Trebgast (left)
  • Feulner Bach (right)
  • Veitsgraben (left)
  • Mühlgraben (left)
  • Schorgast (right)
  • Teufelsgraben (right)
  • Purbach (right)
  • Dobrach (right)
  • Kinzelsbach (left)

White Main river system

see list of rivers in the Weißer Main river system

Cities on the shore

fauna

In the White Main come eel , grayling , brown trout , brook trout , barbel , perch , bream , pike , carp , rainbow trout , roach , rudd and tench ago.

gallery

  • The first meters after the Weißmainquelle

  • White Main and Old Main Bridge in Lanzendorf

  • Bridge on the Bayreuth – Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg railway over the White Main near Schlömen

  • The flood basin in Kulmbach was built to protect the city when the White Main floods

literature

Web links

Commons : White Main  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Map service of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment ( Memento from April 8, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Total of the sub - catchment area Dobrach (flood risk management plan catchment area Bavarian Main , planning unit Red and White Main ) and the remaining sub-catchment areas (map service water management Bavaria, river water bodies)
  3. ↑ Hydrological Yearbook, 2006 ( Memento of October 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Flood news service Bavaria: added level data (MQ) from water level Ködnitz / Weißer Main. In: hnd.bayern.de. December 12, 2019, accessed December 12, 2019 . and Kauerndorf http://www.hnd.bayern.de/pegel/gebietsdaten/pegel_gebietsdaten.php?pgnr=24117008&standalone=1 ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) , increased by the increase in runoff in the remaining catchment area of ​​the White Main according to the area share in the catchment area between the gauges Ködnitz , Kauerndorf , Unterzettlitz http://www.hnd.bayern.de/pegel/gebietsdaten/pegel_gebietsdaten.php?pgnr=24125006&standalone=1 ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) and Mainleus http://www.hnd.bayern.de/pegel/gebietsdaten/pegel_gebietsdaten.php?pgnr=24003009&standalone=1 ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  5. ↑ Karl Ludwig Knebel, diary sheets and thought books , therein To my sister Henriette ("Wunsiedel, July 2nd" [1785]) (in: KL von Knebel's literary estate and correspondence )
  6. ↑ Seehausbrunnen on bayern-fichtelgebirge.de, accessed on May 26, 2016.
  7. ↑ Directory of creek and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 1 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB) and the following page.
  8. ↑ MQ Oelsnitz: 1.63 m³ / s, MQ Weißer Main: 1.04 m³ / s
  9. ^ Anglermap water profile: Weißer Main