Weismain (river)

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Weismain
Water playground in Weismain

Water playground in Weismain

Data
Water code DE : 24136
location Upper Main Hill Country

Germany

River system Rhine
Drain over Main  → Rhine  → North Sea
source The Weismainquelle in Kleinziegenfeld in the Kleinziegenfelder Tal
50 ° 1 ′ 16 ″  N , 11 ° 12 ′ 4 ″  E
Source height approx.  410  m above sea level NN
Spring discharge MQ
 20 l / s
muzzle near Altenkunstadt in the Main Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 49 "  N , 11 ° 15 ′ 11"  E 50 ° 7 ′ 49 "  N , 11 ° 15 ′ 11"  E
Mouth height 278  m above sea level NN
Height difference approx. 132 m
Bottom slope approx. 7.2 ‰
length 18.3 km
Catchment area 124.75 km²
Discharge at the Weismain gauge (55.8% of the catchment area)
A Eo : 70.15 km²
Location: 5.6 km above the mouth 		NNQ
MNQ 1958–2006
MQ 1958–2006
Mq 1958–2006
 MHQ 1958–2006
HHQ (1982) 		190 l / s
460 l / s
969 l / s
13.8 l / (s km²)
 4.34 m³ / s
9.29 m³ / s
Discharge at the mouth of the
A Eo : 125.8 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		1.4 m³ / s
11.1 l / (s km²)
Autumn idyll on the Weismain

Autumn idyll on the Weismain

The Weismain is an almost eighteen kilometer long left tributary of the Main in Upper Franconia in Bavaria .

geography

Weismainquelle

The Weismainquelle in Kleinziegenfeld
The village square in the Kleinziegenfeld district of Grund around 1905. At the bottom of the picture you can see the fenced pond, in front of the house the enclosed Weismain spring

The Weismainquelle (not to be confused with the Weißmainquelle ) is located in Kleinziegenfeld in the Kleinziegenfelder valley on the edge of a nature reserve . The stream that rises there flows through a small pond after a few meters . The small goat field dolomite is mined nearby .

The spring was set in stone in 1903 by the builder of the Kleinziegenfeld church, Johann Hübner. For this, oak piles were rammed into the ground, which serve as the foundation for the limestone blocks. Until around 1965, the spring could be accessed via a staircase to draw water. The Weismainquelle pours out an average of 20 liters of water per second. The first mill could already be operated just a few meters after the source. From 1915 the spring also served as a drinking water supply for Stadelhofen for a long time .

Course and description

The Weismain meanders from its source through the nature reserve Kleinziegenfelder valley. Huge limestone cliffs tower up on its slopes . The entire length of the river is lined mainly with alders and willows and widens noticeably in its course through the villages of Weihersmühle , Waßmannsmühle , Schammendorf and Erlach . After the city of Weismain , the Krassach flows to it. To the north of Woffendorf , the Weismain reaches Altenkunstadt , where it flows into the Main.

The wooded fringes on the river banks are the remains of the former alluvial forests , which were completely cleared down to small remnants by human land use as early as the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, the remaining narrow wooded lines are very important for the stream, as they serve as a buffer strip to the adjacent agriculture and protect the Weismain from warming with their shade. The river bed and the bank areas are usually richly structured and shallower areas alternate with deeper ones. The Weismain also has a lively alternation of sloping, faster flowing and flatter, slower flowing sections of water.

Tributaries

Usage history

Map of the Weismainer Fischwasser with the Weismain and other rivers and streams as well as villages and mills.

The Weismain was an important body of water for the operation of mills in the Middle Ages and early modern times. Between the source and the mouth of the Weismain, together with the Erhardsmühlbach and the Altenkunstadter Mühlbach, which was built in the 14th century, there are a total of 13 mills. Five have left and four more are on the Krassach. A total of at least 22 mills were built on the Weismain river system.

fauna

Mühlkoppen , brook lamprey and brook trout live in the river , as well as stone fly larvae , small and large dragonfly larvae , mayfly larvae , caddis fly larvae and brook flea crabs .

See also

literature

  • Franz X. Bogner: The Upper Main. An aerial portrait from Bayreuth to Bamberg . Ellwanger-Verlag, Bayreuth, 2006. ISBN 3-925361-57-X
  • Jutta Böhm: Mill bike tour. Routes: Kleinziegenfelder Tal and Bärental , Weismain environmental station in the Lichtenfels district, Weismain / Lichtenfels (Lichtenfels district), 2000, 52 pages (numerous illustrations, canton)
  • Alois Dechant, Gerhard W. Peetz: hiking guide Weismain. Marie Link Verlag, Kronach, 2010
  • Gudrun Ramming: Symbols of the never-ending life - the water gushes crystal clear from the sources of the Weismain and Krassach . In: Heimatkalender für Franken und Thüringen 1995 , Verlag Fränkischer Heimatkalender, Coburg 1994, pp. 44–45

Web links

Commons : Weismain (Fluss)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinz Späth: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 141 Coburg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1987. →  Online map (PDF; 5.0 MB)
  2. ↑ a b List of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 15 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB)
  3. ↑ Bavarian Flood News Service (September 6, 2011)
  4. ↑ Water level data (MQ) from Weismain , increased by the area runoff of the remaining catchment area (7.7 l / s.km²), area runoff determined from water level data Mainleus , Fürth am Berg , Unterlangenstadt , Weismain , Steinach and Schwürbitz
  5. ↑ a b Dechant (2010), p. 47
  6. ↑ a b c Böhm (2000), p. 34
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Böhm (2000), p. 11
  8. ↑ Böhm (2000), p. 12