1633

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1633
Galileo Galilei is condemned by the Inquisition and revokes his doctrine of the Copernican worldview .	Thomas James reports on his expedition.
Protestant imperial estates found the Heilbronner Bund .
1633 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1081/82 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1625/26 (September 10-11)
Bengali solar calendar	1038/39 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2176/77 (southern Buddhism); 2175/76 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	72nd (73rd) cycle Year of the water tap癸酉 ( at the beginning of the year water monkey 壬申)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	995/996 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3966/67 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	1011/12 (around March 21)
Islamic calendar	1042/43 (July 7/8)
Jewish calendar	5393/94 (September 4/5)
Coptic calendar	1349/50 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	808/809
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1943/44 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1944/45 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1689/90 (April)

Events

Politics and world events

Thirty Years' War

• April 20 : In the night of 19 on April 20 on the orders of Duke Bernard of Saxe-Weimar stormed Landsberg am Lech Swedish troops set up under General Lennart Torstensson in the Thirty Years' War , a massacre at among all residents.
• April 23 : Sweden concludes the Heilbronn Bund with some Protestant imperial estates as a counterweight to the Catholic League . The federal government is headed by a board of directors, chaired by the Swedish Count Axel Oxenstierna . This is supported by a council called Consilium formatum , which is composed of three Swedish and seven German assessors.

Merian engraving of battle

• July 6th : The battle of Hessisch Oldendorf between Swedish- Hessian and imperial troops takes place near Hessisch Oldendorf in the county of Schaumburg and ends with a brilliant victory on the Protestant side.
• July 13 : The occupation of the city ​​of Hameln , which had been taken by imperial units since 1626, surrenders to Protestant-Swedish troops under Duke Georg von Braunschweig-Lüneburg after around four months of siege .
• October 11th : A victory in the Battle of Steinau on the Oder prevents Swedish troops from advancing into Silesia by the imperial mercenaries under Wallenstein .

Ottoman-Polish War

→ Main article : Ottoman-Polish War 1633–1634

Around June 29, an approximately 1000-strong combat unit of the Nogai Tatars from the Budschak devastated the area around Kamieniec Podolski , an important city and strong fortress in the Podolia region . It is unknown whether they did this on their own initiative or whether they were sent to scout on the instructions of the Ottoman Pasha Abaza. After two days, the Tatars return to the territory of the Principality of Moldova , a vassal principality of the Ottoman Empire, with their booty and the prisoners (Jasyr). The Polish ataman Stanisław Koniecpolski then orders the persecution and invades the Ottoman territory of Moldova, where he puts the Tatars in battle on July 4th and defeats them. He then moved back to Kamieniec Podolski.

• October 22 : Poland-Lithuania troops celebrate an unexpected victory over the numerically superior Ottoman army at Kamieniec Podolski.

India

• The Deccan sultanate Ahmadnagar is conquered by the Mughal Empire .

Japan

• Under Shōgun Tokugawa Iemitsu begins Sakoku that Sakoku outward.

Taiwan

• The Dutch East India Company carries out a punitive expedition against the Formosian natives on the "Golden Lion Island" ( Goude Leeuws Eylandt , today Xiaoliuqiu ) for killing Dutch seafarers.

science and technology

• June 22nd : Galileo Galilei is condemned by the Inquisition and revokes his teaching of the Copernican world system.
• Thomas James summarizes his experiences 1631-1633 while searching for the Northwest Passage in the book The Strange and Dangerous Voyage of Captaine Thomas James .
• The engraver and publisher Matthäus Merian publishes a historical work with the title Historischer Chroniken Continuation or Warhaffte description of all ... memorable stories, so from time to time from 1629 to 1633 happened . With the word continuation , the work explicitly ties in with Johann Ludwig Gottfried's world chronicle , which has been published by the same publisher since 1629 . Merian hires the Alsatian teacher Johann Philipp Abelin as the author , who after Gottfried's death also wrote the last volume of the world chronicle . The gap that emerged between the end of Gottfried's Chronicle and the continuation was closed in 1635 with another volume, which for the first time bears the later title of the Theatrum Europaeum series .
• Willem Blaeu is appointed as the official cartographer for the Dutch East India Company .

Culture

• Rembrandt van Rijn : Portrait of the preacher Johannes Wtenbogaert and Descent from the Cross

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  Portrait of the preacher Johannes Wtenbogaert

• 

  Descent from the Cross

• The Accademia Filaschisi is founded in Bologna .

Historical maps and views

• 

  Dorsten 1633, Merian
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  Constance 1633
• 

  Osnabrück 1633

Born

First half of the year

• January 16 : Detlev von Ahlefeldt , canon of the cathedral chapter of Lübeck Cathedral († 1667 )

• February 13 : Georg Christoph Petri von Hartenfels , German doctor, scientist and university lecturer († 1718 )
• February 23 : Samuel Pepys , British writer († 1703 )
• February 23 : Giacomo Antonio Morigia , Italian theologian, Archbishop of Florence and Cardinal († 1708 )

• March 20 : Jan de Baen , Dutch portrait painter († 1702 )
• March 30th : Friedrich II. , Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg († 1708 )

• April 20 : Go-Kōmyō , 110th Japanese Emperor († 1654 )
• 000May: Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban , French general, fortress builder and Marshal of France († 1707 )

• June 10 : François Andréossy , French engineer, topographer and cartographer († 1688 )
• June 11 : Georg Götze , German Lutheran theologian († 1699 )
• June 16 : Jean de Thévenot , French traveler to Asia, linguist and botanist († 1667 )
• June 19 : Heinrich Hiller , Mayor of St. Gallen († 1719 )

Second half of the year

• August 17 : Michael Bergmann , German author of reference works († 1675 )

• 0September 3 : Ciro Ferri , Italian painter († 1689 )
• 0September 3 : Christoph Hartmann Schacher , German lawyer († 1690 )
• 0September 6 : Sebastian Knüpfer , German composer († 1676 )
• 0September 7th : Catharina Regina von Greiffenberg , spiritual poet († 1694 )
• 0September 8 : Ferdinand IV , King of the Holy Roman Empire, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary († 1654 )

• 0October 4 : Anton Ulrich , Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg and Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel as well as poet and novelist († 1714 )

King James II of England, Scotland and Ireland

• October 14 : James II , King of England († 1701 )
• October 29 : Franz Burmeister , Protestant theologian and poet († 1672 )

• 0November 1 : Gerhard Wolter Molanus , private scholar, book collector and Protestant abbot of Loccum Monastery († 1722 )
• November 12 : Stephan Farfler , watchmaker, possibly the first to build a wheelchair († 1689 )
• November 26 : Johann Christoph Wagenseil , German polyhistor , legal scholar and orientalist († 1705 )

• December 20 : Abbas II , Shah of Persia († 1666 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Samuel Blesendorf , German miniature portraitist, draftsman, copper engraver, enamel painter and goldsmith († 1699 )
• Juan Antonio Escalante , Spanish painter († 1669 )
• Jean-Nicolas Geoffroy , French harpsichordist, organist and composer († 1694 )
• Friedrich von Heyden , Brandenburg-Prussian general († 1715 )

Died

First half of the year

• January 15 : Polycarp Leyser II , German Lutheran theologian (* 1586 )

• 0February 9 : Catherine Henriette de Balzac d'Entragues , French nobleman and mistress (* 1579 )
• February 16 : Johann Vopelius , Electoral Saxon officer, fortress commander of the Pleißenburg in Leipzig (* 1572/73)
• February 21 : Karl Hannibal von Dohna , bailiff in Upper Lusatia (* 1588 )

• 0March 1 : George Herbert , English poet (* 1593 )
• March 29th : Johann Georg II. Fuchs von Dornheim , Prince-Bishop of Bamberg, counter-reformer and witch hunter (* 1586 )

• 0April 4 : Pieter Lastman , Dutch painter (* around 1583 )

• May 11 : Catherine de Clèves , Duchess of Guise (* 1548 )

• 0June 4 : Paulus Götz , German historian and educator (* around 1570 )
• June 11 : Johannes Crellius , German Socinian theologian and pedagogue (* 1590 )
• June 17th : Ernesto Montecuccoli , Imperial General in the Thirty Years War (* 1582 )
• June: Christof Angermair , German sculptor and ivory carver (* after 1580)

Second half of the year

• 0July 2 : Trijntje Keever , largest woman ever measured in the world (* 1616 )
• 0July 7 : Lev Sapieha , Polish-Lithuanian statesman (* 1557 )
• July 16 : Johann Casimir (also Johann Kasimir) of Saxe-Coburg , Duke of Saxe-Coburg (* 1564 )

• 0August 4th : George Abbot , English prelate (* 1562 )
• August 10 : Anthony Munday , English author (* 1560 )
• August 12 : Jacopo Peri , Italian composer (* 1561 )
• August 24th : Ambrosius Rhode , German mathematician, astronomer and physician (* 1577 )

• 0September 9 : Heinrich von Holk , officer in the imperial service from Denmark (* 1599 )

• 0October 7th : Robert Browne , founder of the English Puritan separatists (* around 1550 )
• October 11th : Philaret , Patriarch of Moscow
• October 13 : Georg Wecker , German medic and physicist (* 1566 )

• 0November 8 : Xu Guangqi , scholar and minister of the Ming Dynasty (* 1562 )
• November 14 : William Ames , English theologian (* 1576 )
• November 15 : Caspar Cunrad , German physician, historian and poet (* 1571 )
• November 15 : Martin Röber , German Lutheran theologian (* 1583 )
• November 20 : Johann Georg Agricola , German medic (* 1558 )

• 0December 1 : Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia , governor of the Spanish Netherlands (* 1566 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Pieter Cornet , French-Flemish organist and composer (* around 1562 )
• Philipp Dirr (also Philipp Thürr), German artist and sculptor (* 1582 )
• Theodor Galle , Dutch engraver (* 1571 )
• Robert Johnson , English composer and lutenist (* around 1580 )

Web links

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