1570
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Calendar overview 1570
Map with all linked sites: | 1570 | |
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 from Flanders to northwestern Germany . |
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| 1570 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1018/19 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1562/63 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2113/14 (southern Buddhism); 2112/13 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 71st (72nd) cycle
Year of the Metal Horse庚午 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Snake 己巳) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 932/933 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 3903/04 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 948/949 |
| Islamic calendar | 977/978 (turn of the year 4th / 5th June) |
| Jewish calendar | 5330/31 (August 30/31) |
| Coptic calendar | 1286/87 |
| Malayalam calendar | 745/746 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1880/81 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1881/82 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1626/27 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
British Islands
- 23 January : In Linlithgow, the nobleman James Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh committed an assassination attempt with a carbine on the Scottish regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray , who was riding past . It is the world's first known attack with a firearm . The regent is so badly injured that he dies. The Scottish Civil War received a new impetus from the incident.
- February 25th : With the Bull Regnans in Excelsis , Pope Pius V excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I of England and denied her the right to the English throne. He releases all nobles, subjects and servants who have sworn an oath on the queen from their oath of allegiance. He orders all people to return to the “bosom” of the Catholic Church and threatens to excommunicate those who do not follow this invitation.
- August: Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk , is released from custody in the Tower of London . A little later, he becomes involved in the Ridolfi conspiracy together with the Spanish ambassador Guerau de Spes and Bishop John Leslie .
Central and Western Europe
- February 26 : The herring war between the city and state of Lucerne is settled.
- August 8th : The peace of Saint-Germain after the third Huguenot war brings the unification between Charles IX. of France and Admiral Gaspard de Coligny as a representative of the Huguenots . The Huguenots received, among other things, a general amnesty, all convictions pronounced since 1559 are overturned. They are also given four fortified cities in which they can practice their religion unhindered, namely La Rochelle , Montauban , Cognac and La Charité .
- December 1 : In the Treaty of Speyer , the Transylvanian rival king of the Habsburgs in Hungary , John II, renounces the Hungarian title in favor of Emperor Maximilian II . In return, he received the Hungarian counties beyond the Tisza, not occupied by the Ottomans , and was now called Johann Sigismund, Transilvaniae et partium regni Hungariae princeps (Prince of Transylvania and parts of the Kingdom of Hungary ).
- Dutch merchants settle in Emden as a result of the persecution of the faith .
Eastern and Northern Europe
- January 2 : Troops of Ivan IV , the Terrible , begin looting and destroying Novgorod , around 60,000 residents are said to have been murdered.
- December 13th : With the Peace of Szczecin the Nordic three-crown war is ended.
Fifth Venetian Turkish War
- March: Fifth Venetian Turkish War : An Ottoman envoy calls on the Venetians to surrender Cyprus . A Venetian fleet under Girolamo Zanne leaves Venice at the end of March, but is so decimated by a typhus epidemic in Zara that it is practically no longer a task force.
- April 17th : Admiral Piyale Pascha leaves Constantinople with 80 galleys and 30 fists and sails via Tinos and Negroponte to Rhodes , where he arrives on May 28th . On May 16 breaks Ali Pasha with the Ottoman fleet of transport Konstantin Opel for conquest of Cyprus on, the last major possession of Venice in the eastern Mediterranean.
- Despite urgent calls for help since January, a fleet of the Holy League under Giovanni Andrea Doria is not assembled until the end of August , which gathers in the Souda Bay of Crete . However, an intervention by the Spanish King Philip II delayed their departure. Part of the fleet finally sails towards Finike in the last week of September, but news of the fall of Nicosias reaches them on 9 September on the way there . As strong Ottoman naval formations at the same time in the southern Aegean and the Ionian seasoperate and sail again in these waters after landing in Cyprus, the Christian fleet is forced to withdraw to southern Italy in order not to be cut off and to prevent an Ottoman attack in the Adriatic .
- September: Bach followed the fall of Nicosia in the next few days, Paphos , Limassol and Larnaka . Kyrenia surrenders without a fight. On September 18, the Ottoman army appears in front of Famagusta , the last Venetian fortress on the island.
Asia
- Spain completely occupies the Philippines .
America
- Chief Hiawatha initiated the establishment of the Iroquois Federation, at that time a union of five Iroquois tribes.
science and technology
- The first modern atlas , the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum with 70 map sheets, is printed in Antwerp. It is a work by Abraham Ortelius . By the 31st edition, published in 1612, the volume of works increased to 167 maps and a bibliographic apparatus.
- System cataloging of mental illnesses by Felix Platner
- Discovery of the venous valves in blood vessels by Girolamo Fabrizio
- Konrad Heresbach publishes the first work in Germany on agriculture, Rei Rusticae Libri Quatuor . It describes numerous aspects of rural life in dialogue form and is still written in Latin.
- The Padre Tembleque aqueduct in Mexico is completed. It is considered to be the most important water supply and distribution system that was built in the viceroyalty of New Spain in the 16th century .
Culture
- Spielberg Castle in Austria is built.
religion
- April 14th : In the Sandomir Consensus , the Polish Lutherans , Reformed and Bohemian Brothers mutually recognize the legitimacy of their respective denominations.
- July 14 : The unified Roman Missal is published by Pope Pius V with the bull Quo primum . The new missal has been prepared by the Council of Trent sought.
Disasters
- February 8 : An earthquake with a subsequent tsunami completely destroys the city of Concepción in what is now Chile. Around 2,000 people are killed.
- November 1st : A storm surge on All Saints' Day flooded the North Sea coast from Flanders to northwestern Germany . About 20,000 people die.
- November 2 : After the storm surge in the Netherlands, later called All Saints Flood , the day before, the disaster continues. During a hurricane on the North Sea coast , the dikes break from Holland to Jutland. 20,000 coastal residents are said to have died in the water. Large parts of the North Sea coast from the Netherlands to Denmark are affected.
- Náchod is almost completely destroyed by a major fire.
Born
Date of birth saved
- January 19 : Wolfgang Hirschbach , was a German legal scholar († 1620 )
- April 13 : Guy Fawkes , member of a group of Catholic conspirators in England that tried to break up parliament († 1606 )
- April 28 : Ludolf von Münchhausen , German private scholar († 1640 )
- May 22nd : Johann III. , Duke of Saxe-Weimar († 1605 )
- August 22nd : Franz Xaver von Dietrichstein , Bishop of Olomouc, cardinal and representative of the recatholicization in Moravia († 1636 )
- September 7th : Günther XLII. , Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen († 1643 )
- October 4 : Peter Pázmány , Hungarian philosopher, theologian and protagonist of the Counter-Reformation in royal Hungary († 1637 )
- October 7 : Volkert Overlander , Mayor of Amsterdam († 1630 )
- October 16 : Jakob Martini , German Lutheran theologian and philosopher († 1649 )
- November 7 : Cornelius Gobelius , Auxiliary Bishop of Thuringia († 1611 )
- December 3 : Simon Ulrich Pistoris , legal scholar and diplomat from the state of Saxony († 1615 )
- December 11 : Esther Imbert , French mistress († after 1593 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Reza Abbasi , most famous Persian miniature painter and calligrapher of the so-called Isfahan school († 1635 )
- Johann Andreae , German registrar and court historian († 1645 )
- Stefan Gabriel , Swiss Protestant Reformed pastor and founder of the Rhaeto-Romanic written language of the Surselvian idiom († 1638 )
- John Tradescant the Elder , English gardener and botanist († 1638 )
- Balthasar Zimmermann , electoral Saxon Surveyor and Kartograf († 1633 / 34 )
Died
Date of death secured
- January 3 : Veit Winsheim , German rhetorician, philologist, physician and Graecist (* 1501 )
- January 8th : Philibert Delorme , French Renaissance architect (* around 1510 )
- January 22nd : Jobst von Brandt , German nobleman and composer (* 1517 )
- January 22nd : Wilhelm Hartmann von Klauer zu Wohra , Prince Abbot of Fulda (* around 1530 )
- January 23 : James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray , Scottish peer (* 1531 )
- February 20 : Johann Scheubel , German mathematician (* 1494 )
- March 6th : Johann Agricola from Gunzenhausen , German medic (* 1496 )
- April 10 : Johann Walter , German church musician and adviser to Martin Luther on musical issues (* 1496 )
- April 27 : Johann Ulrich Zasius , Vice Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire (* 1521 )
- May 3 : Pietro Loredan , 84th Doge of Venice (* around 1482 )
- May 27 : Moses Cordovero , Jewish mystic and Kabbalist (* 1522 )
- June 15 : Simon Bruns , German Lutheran theologian and reformer (* around 1525 )
- June 20 : Friedrich Bernbeck , German mayor and designer of the Reformation in Kitzingen (* 1511 )
- June 28 : Fridolin Brunner , Swiss Protestant pastor and reformer in the canton of Glarus (* 1498 )
- July 3 : Aonio Paleario , Italian humanist, rhetorician and reformer (* 1503 )
- July 6th : Margaret Giggs , English Catholic, adopted daughter of Thomas More (* 1505 or 1508 )
- July 15 : Nicolaus Gallus , German Evangelical Lutheran theologian (* around 1516 )
- September 11th : Johannes Brenz , German reformer in Württemberg (* 1499 )
- September 15 : Theodor Fabricius , German Protestant theologian and reformer (* 1501 )
- October 1 : Frans Floris , Flemish painter (* 1516 )
- October 18 : Manuel da Nobrega , Portuguese Jesuit, theologian, missionary and writer (* 1517 )
- October 20 : João de Barros , Portuguese historian (* 1496 )
- November 27 : Jacopo Sansovino , Italian sculptor and architect (* 1486 )
- December 2 : Matthäus Alber , German reformer (* 1495 )
- December 15 : Friedrich III. , Duke of Haynau and Liegnitz (* 1520 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Johannes Bermudes , Portuguese military doctor and pseudo-patriarch
- Hans Gerle , German lutenist and composer (* around 1498)
- Nicolaes Jonghelinck , Flemish merchant, banker (tax officer) and art collector (* 1517 )
- Thomas Thirlby , English bishop and diplomat (* around 1500 )
Web links
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