1494

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Heads of State · Nekrolog · Year of Literature

1494
Ludovico Sforza
Ludovico Sforza becomes
Duke of Milan .
Italy at the beginning of the Italian Wars 1494
The Italian wars begin with a campaign by Charles VIII of France .
Portuguese-Spanish Treaties Map
With the Treaty of Tordesillas
, the world is divided between Spain and Portugal .
1494 in other calendars
Armenian calendar 942/943 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar 1486/87
Aztec calendar 1st house - Ce Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February: 13th Feuerstein - Matlactli omey Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar 2037/38 (southern Buddhism); 2036/37 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar 69th (70th) cycle

Year of the wood tiger甲寅 ( at the beginning of the year water buffalo 癸丑)

Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) 856/857 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea) 3827/28 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar 872/873
Islamic calendar 899/900 (turn of the year October 1st / 2nd)
Jewish calendar 5254/55 (August 31 / September 1)
Coptic calendar 1210/11
Malayalam calendar 669/670
Seleucid era Babylon: 1804/05 (turn of the year April)

Syria: 1805/06 (New Year October)

Spanish era 1532
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) 1550/51 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Spanish and Portuguese colonial policy

  • April: Christopher Columbus sets off from the La Isabela settlement on Hispaniola, founded in December of the previous year, on his second trip to the Caribbean , during which he discovers the island of Jamaica , which he calls Santiago , on May 3rd . When he returned to La Isabela on September 25th, he found chaotic conditions. He waged a campaign against the Taíno , who had meanwhile become enemies because of bad treatment , of whom he enslaved around 1,600 and sent to Spain. About half of them do not survive this trip.
First page of the contract
The first battle of Acentejo

When trying to conquer Tenerife as the last island in the Canary Islands , the Spaniards suffer a heavy defeat against the Guanches under Alonso Fernández de Lugo . The site of the battle was then named La Matanza de Acentejo ( The Acentejo Slaughter ).

Italy

Alfonso II of Naples
Charles VIII marches into Florence,
Francesco Granacci , 1518

Eastern Europe

Other events in Europe

Africa

  • During a campaign against a rebellious tribe, Eskandar , negus negest of Ethiopia from the Solomon dynasty , is murdered at the behest of his general Zesillus because his increasingly self-confident demeanor is perceived as a threat by the previously ruling triumvirate. He will be buried on May 8th . The death of the emperor immediately leads to a war for succession between the different power groups of the empire. While the bitwodded Amda Mikael wants to put his candidate, Eskandar's four-year-old son Endreyas, on the throne, some of the worldly rulers favor Eskandar's brother Na'od. The third candidate for the throne is Enqo Israel, another brother of Eskandar. Zisellus is killed during the fighting by supporters of the murdered emperor. Amda Mikael can finally enforce his candidate, who is put on the throne as Amda Seyon II . As regent for the child on the throne, Amde Mikael exercises practically unlimited rule over Ethiopia. However, Endreyas only stayed on the imperial throne for seven months. The young emperor died suddenly and unexpectedly on October 26th . Presumably with the support of the provincial rulers, Na'od I , who had previously been defeated in the battle for the imperial crown, was proclaimed the new emperor.

First documentary mentions

  • Dubí is mentioned for the first time in a document

economy

science and technology

Amann's little plague book
  • Jörg Amann , city doctor in Ravensburg , wrote a little plague book . In the little book, Amann describes the symptoms of the plague , preventive measures and therapy options.

Culture

Visual arts

Vittore Carpaccio : The miracle of the cross on the Rialto Bridge 1494
  • Michelangelo leaves Florence for the first time and goes to Bologna. He fled for security reasons when it became apparent that his supporters, the Medici, were falling victim to popular anger.
  • Master Amund decorates the church in Södra Råda with wall paintings.

literature

Title page by Sebastian Brants Narrenschyff

Sebastian Brant's moral satire Das Narrenschyff ad Narragoniam is printed for the first time by Johann Bergmann von Olpe . This work, which drafts a typology of over 100 fools on a ship heading for Narragonia and thus holds up a critical mirror to the upside-down world through an entertaining description of its vices, will be the most successful German-language book before the Reformation. The Narrenschyff is immediately praised in the highest tones by contemporaries, especially by the early humanists of the Upper Rhine.

religion

Page of the Lübeck Bible

Born

Date of birth saved

Jean Clouet: Franz I, portrait from 1527

Exact date of birth unknown

Born around 1494

Died

Gian Galeazzo Sforza

Web links

Commons : 1494  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files