1489

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1489
Hans Waldmann is executed in Zurich .	The "Rorschacher Klosterbruch" leads to the St. Gallen War .
The Kraków high altar is completed.
1489 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	937/938 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1481/82
Aztec calendar	9. Feuerstein - Chicuhnahui Tecpatl (until the end of January / beginning of February: 8th pipes - Chicuei Acatl )
Buddhist calendar	2032/33 (southern Buddhism); 2031/32 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	69th (70th) cycle Year of the Earth-Rooster己酉 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Monkey 戊申)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	851/852 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3822/23 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	867/868
Islamic calendar	894/895 (turn of the year 24/25 November)
Jewish calendar	5249/50 (September 5-6)
Coptic calendar	1205/06
Malayalam calendar	664/665
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1799/1800 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1800/01 (New Year October)
Spanish era	1527
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1545/46 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

confederation

• April 6 : The Mayor of Zurich , Hans Waldmann , is executed in a fast-track process. He fell victim to intrigues and a riot among the rural population because he had the peasants' dogs killed.
• With the "Rorschacher Klosterbruch" the St. Gallen War begins between the four federal umbrella locations of the Prince Abbey of St. Gallen , Zurich , Lucerne , Glarus and Schwyz on the one hand and the imperial city of St. Gallen and the country of Appenzell on the other.

Other events in the Holy Roman Empire

• 14 July : 46 representatives of the knighthood of the Straubinger little country and neighboring countries found at Gasthof Krone on the marketplace in Cham to against Duke Albrecht IV. Of Bayern Munich directed Löwlerbund . Count Palatine Otto von Neumarkt and Duke Albrecht's brothers, Christoph and Wolfgang , also join the aristocratic society .

Iberian Peninsula

→ Main article : Reconquista  and conquest of the Kingdom of Granada

• At the beginning of the year, the emirate of Granada only consists of the areas around the cities of Guadix , Baza and Almería , which were founded by Muhammad XIII. from the Nasrid dynasty , and the capital Granada , which is in the hands of his nephew and opponent Muhammad XII. is located.
• At the beginning of June, under the command of Gutierre de Cárdenas, the siege of the city of Baza began, but had no effect until October. Negotiations on the handover are finally held in December. The commander of the city of Sidi Yahya al-Najjar is baptized and goes as an emissary to Muhammad XIII. after Guadix. He succeeds in delivering Almería to the Catholic Monarchs on December 22nd and Guadix on December 30th . Muhammad XIII. emigrates with his followers to North Africa.
• In the remaining Muslim city of Granada there are a large number of refugees from areas previously conquered by the Christians who oppose the handover of the last position of the Moors to the Catholic Kings.

Other events in Europe

• February 25th : The rule of Monaco under Seigneur Lambert is formally recognized by the French King Charles VIII and Duke Charles I of Savoy in a patent letter.

March 14 : The Queen of Cyprus , the Venetian Caterina Cornaro , renounces the crown in favor of the Republic of Venice after the intervention of her brother Giorgio Corner . A Venetian fleet anchored off Cyprus has emphatically underscored the Venetian demand.

Japan

Portrait of Ashikaga Yoshihisa by Kanō Masanobu

• April 26th : Ashikaga Yoshihisa dies without male offspring. The following year he was followed by his cousin Ashikaga Yoshitane as Shogun of Japan .

India

• July: After the death of Bahlul Lodi , his second eldest son Sikandar Lodi inherits the throne in the Sultanate of Delhi , which leads to disagreements with the nobles of the empire, who prefer his older brother Barbak Shah . The dispute is settled when Barbak Shah gains control of the formerly independent sultanate of Jaunpur .

Africa

• A Portuguese expedition reached the city of M'banza Congo and made contact with the Kingdom of Congo .

economy

• King Henry VII of England has a souvereign minted for the first time .

science and technology

Mercantile Arithmetic (1489)

• In Leipzig the arithmetic book Mercantile Arithmetic or Behende und hüpsche Rechenung is printed on all Kauffmansch works by Johannes Widmann . In the third oldest arithmetic book ever, Widmann introduces the plus sign in addition .

Portolan map of the Albino de Canepa

• The Albino de Canepa's portolan map is created.

Culture

• The Kraków high altar , a pentaptych in the Kraków St. Mary's Church , is completed after twelve years of work. The winged altar with its two sides is the first secured work by the late Gothic sculptor Veit Stoss and one of his main works.
• The construction of the Wittenberg Castle begins. The Wettin Elector Friedrich III. von Sachsen built the new Renaissance castle as the electoral residence in the then capital of the Electorate of Saxony .

Facade of the Strozzi Palace

• around 1489: The construction of the Palazzo Strozzi begins in Florence on behalf of Filippo Strozzi, presumably based on designs by Giuliano da Sangallo. The construction of the Palazzo Strozzi will take 40 years.

society

Guidobaldo I da Montefeltro , Duke of Urbino , marries Elisabetta Gonzaga , daughter of Federico I Gonzaga , Duke of Mantua . Elisabetta, a self-confident, generous and virtuous woman, rarely educated at the time, gave the Duke of Urbino's small court its special charm, and thanks to her influence, Guidobaldo managed to maintain the splendor of a princely court of the Renaissance after the death of his father . The Urbino court quickly gained a good reputation among writers, musicians, painters, philosophers and diplomats.

religion

• November: Thomas Grote is elected Bishop of Lübeck to succeed Albert II. Krummendiek , who died on October 27th .

• In the so-called miracle of Altötting , a three-year-old boy who fell into the Mörnbach is revived.

Born

First half of the year

• January 4th : Paul vom Rode , Protestant theologian and reformer († 1563 )
• January 4th : Filippo Strozzi the Younger , Florentine patrician (†  1538 )
• March 14 : Niccolò Massa , Italian doctor and anatomist († 1569 )
• May: Urbanus Rhegius , German reformer († 1541 )

• June 2 : Charles de Bourbon , Duke of Vendôme (†  1537 )
• June 4th : Anton II , Duke of Lorraine († 1544 )
• June 16 : Sibylle of Bavaria , Electress of the Palatinate († 1519 )
• June 18 : Francesco Maria Molza , Italian poet († 1544 )
• June 23 : Charles II , Duke of Savoy († 1496 )
• June 24th : Lorenz Fries , Würzburg prince-bishop council, historian and chronicler († 1550 )

Second half of the year

• July 2 : Thomas Cranmer , English reformer and archbishop († 1556 , executed)
• August 10 : Jakob Sturm von Sturmeck , reformed mayor of Strasbourg († 1553 )
• August: Antonio da Correggio , Italian Renaissance painter (†  1534 )

• October 24 : Raymund Fugger , Augsburg patrician, imperial prince and art collector (†  1535 )
• October 28 : Simon Pistoris the Younger , German lawyer and Chancellor of the Duchy of Saxony († 1562 )
• November 10 : Heinrich the Younger , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (†  1568 )
• November 28 : Margaret Tudor , Queen of Scotland (†  1541 )
• December 10 : Gaston de Foix , French military leader (†  1512 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Adolf of Burgundy , Lord of Veere and Admiral of the Netherlands († 1540 )
• Gerónimo de Aguilar , Spanish Franciscan, translator and conquistador († around 1531 )
• Pedro de Ávila y Zúñiga , Spanish ambassador to England († 1579 )
• Hermann von Dorne , Lübeck merchant and councilor († 1559 )
• Itagaki Nobukata , Japanese henchman and troop leader († 1548 )
• Wilhelm von Janowitz , builder and bailiff of Hohenasperg († 1562 )
• Charles IV , Duke of Alençon and Count of Le Perche († 1525 )
• Sébastien de Montfalcon , Bishop of Lausanne († 1560 )
• Lorenzo Priuli , 82nd Doge of Venice († 1559 )
• Tsukahara Bokuden , Japanese sword master and samurai († 1571 )
• Francesco Venier , Doge of Venice († 1556 )
• Johannes von Weeze , Bishop of Constance and Archbishop of Lund († 1548 )

Born around 1489

• Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus , Scottish nobleman († 1557 )
• Paul Lindenau , German Lutheran theologian († 1541 )
• Thomas Müntzer , German Protestant theologian and revolutionary (executed 1525 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 5 : Martin Truchsess von Wetzhausen , Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (* around 1435 )
• January: Georg II , Count of Ortenburg

• February 1st : Gerhard Buck , German friar and poet
• February 14th : Nikolaus von Tüngen , Prince-Bishop of Warmia
• March 3 : Stanisław Kazimierczyk , Polish religious and Roman Catholic saint (* 1433 )
• March 13 : Konrad Bitz , Bishop of Turku

• April 6 : Hans Waldmann , military leader of the Old Confederation and mayor of Zurich (executed in the course of a city revolution) (*  1435 )
• April 26th : Ashikaga Yoshihisa , Japanese Shogun (* 1465 )

• May 21 : Heinrich V. von Rosenberg , Bohemian nobleman (* 1456 )
• May 26 : Johannes Hettlinger , town clerk of Rapperswil, leader of the pro-federal forces and the uprising against Habsburg (* before 1452)
• May 26 : Adolf Rusch , Strasbourg printer, publisher and merchant (* around 1435 )
• May 28 : Gerontius , Russian Orthodox Bishop of Kolomna and Metropolitan of Moscow

• June 2 : Michael Czacheritz , provost of the Augustinian canons in Glatz, belonging to the Archdiocese of Prague (* 1420 )
• June 20 : Georg Golser , Bishop of Brixen

• July 19 : Ludwig I, the Black , Count Palatine and Duke of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (* 1424 )
• July: Bahlul Lodi , Sultan of Delhi

• September 8 : Richard Edgcumbe , English nobleman and courtier (* around 1443 )
• October 4 : Johann Wessel , German platonist and humanist (* 1419 )
• October 27 : Albert II. Krummendiek , Bishop of Lübeck (* 1417 or 1418 )

• December 15 : Johann III. Beckenschlager , Archbishop of Gran and Salzburg (* around 1435 )
• December 15 : Simon Marmion , French-Flemish painter and illuminator (* around 1425 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Gorampa Sönam Sengge , Tibetan Buddhist monk and author (* 1429 )
• Bernhard Gradner , Styrian nobleman
• Louis de Laval , French nobleman (* around 1411 )
• Margaret of Brandenburg , Duchess of Pomerania (* 1449 / 50 )
• Robert I of the Mark , Governor of the Duchy of Bouillon and Seigneur of Sedan
• Niklaus von Scharnachthal , mayor of the city of Bern (* around 1419 )
• Cunrat Segenschmid , German writer and pastor

Web links

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