1550

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1550
Julius III. is elected Pope.	Gustav I. Wasa founds Helsinki .
Emperor Charles V calls a Reichstag in Augsburg .
1550 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	998/999 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1542/43
Buddhist calendar	2093/94 (southern Buddhism); 2092/93 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	70th (71st) cycle Year of the Metal Dog庚戌 ( at the beginning of the year Earth Rooster 己酉)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	912/913 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3883/84 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	928/929
Islamic calendar	956/957 (turn of the year 19/20 January)
Jewish calendar	5310/11 (September 10/11)
Coptic calendar	1266/67
Malayalam calendar	725/726
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1860/61 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1861/62 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1606/07 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Holy Roman Empire

Albrecht V of Bavaria

• March 7th : Duke Wilhelm IV of Bavaria dies. His successor is his son Albrecht V. The prince, who was raised Catholic, appoints the Protestant Pankraz von Freyberg zu Hohenaschau to his court.
• October 4 : Elector Moritz of Saxony begins with the siege of the imperial ban declared city of Magdeburg , which the adoption of the Augsburg Interim denied.
• November 6th : After the death of Ulrich , the first Protestant Duke of Württemberg , his son Christoph becomes Duke of Württemberg .

• The Emperor Charles V convenes a Diet in Augsburg , which will extend into 1551 .

Scandinavia

• June 12 : The Swedish King Gustav I. Wasa founds the town of Helsingfors at the mouth of the Helsinge å River , which for a long time remained an insignificant small town in Swedish-ruled Finland .

Asia

Altan Khan

• The Mongol prince Altan Khan leads a campaign against the Ming dynasty in China and besieges Beijing .
• After King Tabinshwehti was murdered by members of the Mon in Pegu , his successor Bayinnaung fought to reestablish the Second Burmese Empire .

America

• January 6th : The city of Valledupar in today's Colombia is founded by Hernando Santana and Juan de Castellanos.

science and technology

• The Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum ( Church history of the English people ) of the Beda Venerabilis from the 8th century appears for the first time in full.
• The art historian Giorgio Vasari publishes the first edition of his biographies of outstanding artists Le Vite de 'più eccellenti pittori scultori ed architettori .
• The French grammarian Louis Meigret publishes the Trętté de la grammęre françoęze , a French grammar entirely in orthography that he reformed himself . The work triggers massive disputes and polemics.
• On the basis of the new state regulations from 1543 by the Saxon Duke Moritz , the third Saxon state school is founded, today's St. Augustin zu Grimma high school . The choice fell on this location because the Bishop of Merseburg stubbornly refused to establish a school in his city for years.

Culture

Michel de Nostredame, portrait of his son César de Nostredame

• The French pharmacist Nostradamus begins publishing annual almanacs in which the first prophecies for the respective year are printed.
• The first book in the Slovenian language is printed in Tübingen .
• Duke Cosimo I de 'Medici had the Villa Medici La Topaia built on the basis of an older building.
• Giorgio Vasari publishes the first edition of his artist biographies Le Vite de 'più eccellenti architetti, pittori, et scultori italiani, da Cimabue infino a' tempi nostri: descritte in lingua toscana da Giorgio Vasari, pittore arentino - Con una sua utile et necessaria introduzione a le arti loro .

• from 1550: The fashion of harem pants is shortened to knee breeches in Europe .
• around 1550: The time of the Namban art begins in Japan under the influence of Portuguese Christian missionaries .
• around 1550: In chess in Europe, castling develops from the king 's jump .

religion

After a 71-day conclave , Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte was chosen on February 7th as a compromise candidate to succeed Paul III, who died the previous year . elected. The new Pope takes the name Julius III. on. His pontificate is strongly influenced by nepotism . In his first consistory of March 30th, he elevated his adoptive nephew Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte to cardinal .

• The scholarly dispute , the so-called disputation of Valladolid, takes place in Valladolid between the Spanish court chronicler Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda and the Dominican Bartolomé de Las Casas over the question of whether the indigenous peoples of the New World have a soul .

Historical maps and views

Europe 1550

Colonization of the world by Europe in 1550

Born

First half of the year

• February 22nd : Karl , Count von Arenberg († 1616 )
• February 25th : Daniel Sudermann , German theologian and hymn poet

• April 2 : Wilhelm Zepper , Reformed theologian († 1607 )
• April 12 : Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford , English nobleman, Lord Great Chamberlain at the court of Elizabeth I, possible author of Shakespeare's works († 1604 )

• May 8 : Johann I , Count Palatine and Duke of Pfalz-Zweibrücken († 1604 )
• May 25 : Kamillus von Lellis , founder of the Italian order and saint († 1614 )
• May 26 : Fabian I. von Dohna , field chief and mercenary leader, court marshal and envoy († 1621 )

• June 16 : Marie Eleonore von Jülich-Kleve-Berg , Duchess of Prussia († 1608 )

Charles IX from France

• June 27th : Charles IX. , King of France († 1574 )

Second half of the year

• July 16 : Matthia Ferrabosco , Italian composer († 1616 )
• July 31 : Jacobus Gallus , composer and singer († 1591 )

• September 5 : Anton , Count of Ortenburg († 1573 )
• September 8th : Anton II , Count of Delmenhorst († 1619 )
• September 30 : Michael Maestlin , German mathematician and astronomer († 1631 )

• October 2 : Rodolfo Acquaviva , Italian Jesuit and missionary († 1583 )
• October 4th : Charles IX. , Imperial administrator, later King of Sweden († 1611 )
• October 15 : Heinrich von Nassau-Dillenburg , brother of Wilhelm I of Orange († 1574 )
• October 23 : Maria Andreae , German pharmacist, nurse and nurse, court pharmacist in Stuttgart († 1632 )
• October 28 : Stanislaus Kostka , saint of the Catholic Church († 1568 )
• October: John Davis , English explorer († 1605 )

• December 21 : Aegidius Hunnius the Elder , German Lutheran theologian († 1603 )
• December 31 : Henri de Guise , French military leader († 1588 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• François d'Amboise , French writer († 1619 )
• Emilio de 'Cavalieri , Italian composer, organist, diplomat, choreographer and dancer († 1602 )

John Napier

• John Napier , Scottish thinker and mathematician († 1617 )
• Safiye , wife of the Ottoman Sultan Murat III., Regent during the so-called women's rule († 1618 )

Born around 1550

• Willem Barents , Dutch navigator († 1597 )
• Henry Barrowe , English Puritan († 1593 )
• Giovanni Battista Bovicelli , Italian Franciscan, composer, singer, music theorist († around 1594 )
• Henning Brabandt , German lawyer, mayor and ducal court procurator († 1604 )
• Robert Browne , founder of the English Puritan Separatists († 1633 )
• Levin Buchius , German legal scholar († 1613 )

Died

First half of the year

• January 15 : Philipp Schenk zu Schweinsberg , Prince Abbot of Fulda (* before 1497 )

• February 2 : Francis Bryan , English nobleman, diplomat and favorite of Henry VIII of England (* around 1490 )
• February 13 : Eleonora Gonzaga della Rovere , Duchess of Urbino (* 1493 )
• February 17 : Marcantonio Flaminio , Italian philosopher, poet and writer (* 1498 )
• February 20 : Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh , English nobleman and politician (* around 1488 )
• February 21 : Francesco III. Gonzaga , eldest son of Duke Federico II (* 1533 )

• March 7th : Wilhelm IV. , Duke of Bavaria (* 1493 )
• March 22nd : Stephan Wild , German physician (* 1495 )
• March 31 : Barbara of Rottal , Moravian nobles, possibly illegitimate daughter of Emperor Maximilian I. (* 1500 / 01 )

• April 12 : Claude de Lorraine , first Duke of Guise (* 1496 )

• May 18 : Jean de Lorraine , Archbishop of Reims, Lyon and Narbonne (* 1498 )
• May 20 : Ashikaga Yoshiharu , Japanese Shogun (* 1511 )

• June 13 : Veronica Gambara , Italian poet (* 1485 )

Second half of the year

• July 18 : Johannes Blasius , Swiss Protestant pastor and reformer (* 1490 )
• July 30th : Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton , English nobleman (* 1505 )

• August 4th : Pedro Machuca , Spanish painter and architect (* around 1490 )

• September 7th : Niccolò Tribolo , Italian sculptor, architect and garden designer (* around 1500 )
• September 23 : Innocenzo Cibo , Italian cardinal (* 1491 )

• October 11 : Georg Pencz , German painter, draftsman and engraver (* 1500 / 1502 )
• October 23 : Tiedemann Giese , Bishop of Kulm and Bishop of Warmia (* 1480 )
• October 26 : Ferdinand , Duke of Calabria (* 1488 )

• November 6th : Ulrich , Duke of Württemberg (* 1487 )

• December 5 : Lorenz Fries , Würzburg prince-bishop council, historian and chronicler (* 1489 )
• December 6th : Pieter Coecke van Aelst , Flemish painter (* 1502 )
• December 20 : Matthias Greitter , cantor and composer (* around 1495 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Diana di Cordona , Italian courtesan and mistress of the Polish King Sigismund II August (* 1499 )
• Ixtlilxochitl II , ruler of the Mesoamerican city of Texcoco (* 1500 )

Web links

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