pontificate

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As pontificate of today are generally office, office and dignity Pope of the Roman Catholic Church called. The word derives from his title Pontifex Maximus , which the highest priest of the Roman state cult once carried and which the emperors left to the bishop of Rome after the Christianization of the Roman Empire . Analogous to this, the office and term of office of a bishop are also called the pontificate , which consequently is not a summus pontiff like the Pope, but simply at the solemn pontifical serviceIs called pontiff .

The Latin term pontifex means 'bridge builder'. As a title it has been used since the time of the Roman Republic for a member of the College of Pontifices. It was a college of priests who were originally responsible for maintaining the Tiber Bridge in ancient Rome and who were later given responsibility for the entire religious system. The most senior of these priests was the Pontifex Maximus.

Until 1059, enthronement was defined as the beginning of the pontificate. Since then, the pontificate begins with the acceptance of the election, for candidates without episcopal ordination with the consecutive episcopal ordination. This creates the problem that in papal elections before 1059, the pontificate was partially not recognized if the pope died before the enthronement.

Peter was a disciple of Jesus and an apostle; in the Catholic Church he is considered the founder of the Roman community and the first bishop of Rome . However, there is no reliable evidence of his stay in Rome.

Longest pontificate

Pope Beginning The End Duration of the pontificate Days
Peter 33? 67? 34 years?
Pius IX June 16, 1846 7 Feb 1878 31 years 8 months 11559
John Paul II Oct 16, 1978 Apr 2, 2005 26 years 5 months 9665
Leo XIII. Feb. 20, 1878 July 20, 1903 25 years 5 months 9280
Pius VI Feb 15, 1775 29 Aug 1799 24 years 6 months 8961
Hadrian I. Feb. 1, 772 25 Dec. 795 23 years 11 months 8728
Pius VII March 14, 1800 Aug 20, 1823 23 years 5 months 8559
Alexander III Sep 7 1159 Aug 30, 1181 22 years 8028
New Year I. Jan. 31, 314 Dec. 31, 335 21 years 11 months 8004
Leo the Great 29 Sep 440 Nov 10, 461 21 years 1 month 7712
Urban VIII. Aug 6, 1623 July 29, 1644 21 years 7663
Leo III Dec. 26, 795 June 12, 816 20 years 6 months 7474
Clement XI. Nov 23, 1700 March 19, 1721 20 years 4 months 7421
Pius XII. March 2, 1939 Oct 9, 1958 19 years 7 months 7161

Shortest pontificate

Pope Beginning The End Duration of the pontificate comment
Stephan (II.) March 22, 752 March 26, 752 4 days died before the episcopal ordination required to take over the office and is therefore often not counted
Urban VII. Sep 15 1590 27 Sep 1590 12 days
Boniface VI. April 896 15 days?
Celestine IV. Oct 25, 1241 Nov 10, 1241 16 days
Sisinnius Jan 15, 708 Feb. 4, 708 20 days
Theodore II December 897 20 days?
Marcellus II. Apr 9, 1555 May 1, 1555 22 days
Damasus ii July 17, 1048 Aug 9, 1048 23 days
Leo XI. Apr 1, 1605 Apr 27, 1605 26 days
Pius III 22 Sep 1503 Oct 18, 1503 26 days
Valentine August 827 September 827 30 days?
Benedict V. May 22, 964 June 23, 964 32 days
John Paul I. Aug 26, 1978 28 Sep 1978 33 days
Hadrian V. July 11, 1276 Aug 18, 1276 38 days
Anterus Nov 21, 235 Jan 3, 236 43 days
Gregory VIII Oct 21, 1187 17 Dec 1187 57 days
Leo V. July 903 September 903 60 days?
Innocent IX. Oct. 29, 1591 Dec. 30, 1591 62 days
Severinus May 28, 640 Aug 2, 640 66 days

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: pontificate  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ pontificate (pope list rank). Popes. Martin Marker, archived from the original on April 29, 2014 ; Retrieved April 25, 2014 .
  2. ↑ Records and curiosities from history. Popes. Rheinische Post , April 19, 2005, accessed on April 25, 2014 .
  3. ↑ The papacy and its history. Is the Roman bishop successor to Peter? Karl Heinz Ohlig, July 8, 2007, archived from the original on July 8, 2007 ; Retrieved April 25, 2014 .