New Year I.

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New Year's Eve receives the papal crown from Constantine
Fresco in Santi Quattro Coronati in Rome (1247)

New Year's Eve I († December 31, 335 in Rome ) was Pope from 314 until his death .

Life

New Year's Eve followed 314 Miltiades as Pope on January 31 . His name was included in the calendar of saints in 813 . After him, St. Marcus Pope.

According to an early medieval legend, Pope Silvester is said to have healed the sick Roman Emperor Constantine the Great from leprosy and baptized it. This is documented by the Constantinian donation , a forged document, which is believed to have originated in the middle of the 8th century (around 754, after the anointing of the Carolingians as Frankish kings ). The legend was spread in the medieval Legenda Aurea by Jacobus de Voragine . As a thank you for the healing, Pope Silvester is said to have received the so-called Patrimonium of Petri , which formed the basis of the later Papal States, as a gift from Constantine . Emperor Constantine had, however, already 313 in the Edict of Milan the Christians he was practicing their faith allowed and baptized on his deathbed by Eusebius of Nicomedia . At the Council of Nicaea in 325, Pope Silvester had the first creed, the Confession of Nicaea , written down, in which he himself did not take part but was represented by two presbyters . He also was on the Peter grave in Rome, in the cemetery of the Vatican hill , the first St. Peter's Church built.

Pope Silvester died on December 31, 335. His body was buried in the Priscilla catacombs on Via Salaria in Rome. As part of the Lombard invasions in the 8th century were his relics in the lying in Piazza San Silvestro Church San Silvestro in Capite transferred.

Adoration of saints

New Year's Eve was the first holy Pope who did not suffer martyrdom. His feast day is celebrated by the Greek Orthodox Church and the Bulgarian Orthodox Church on January 2, by the Russian Orthodox Church on January 15, and by the Roman Catholic Church on December 31, the anniversary of his death. This day is therefore commonly called New Year's Eve . His name means "the forest man" (from the Latin silva "forest"). New Year's Eve is the patron saint of pets and is called for a good forage harvest and a Happy New Year.

According to a 700-year-old story, Pope Silvester rode through Hausen on the way from Rome to Trier, today a district of Mayen in the Eifel, where his horse lost a horseshoe. In memory of this, the pastor of Hausen blesses the riders and their horses who have gathered in front of the Church of St. Silvester every year on December 31st. He then leads the procession on horseback in liturgical robe and for a long time with a riding helmet, which goes around the church three times before a festive service is celebrated.

See also

Statue of New Year's I in Mantua

literature

Web links

Commons : New Years Eve I.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Corinna Mühlstedt: Three New Years Eve: Truth and legend of three churchmen. A search for traces in Rome. Article in Tag für Tag , broadcast on Deutschlandfunk on December 30, 2011, accessed on January 4, 2012.
  2. ↑ Elvira Bell: Pastor on a high horse . In: Paulinus No. 3/2020, Ed. Diocese Trier, ISSN 1436-9214, p. 10.
predecessor Office successor
Miltiades Bishop of Rome
(the term Pope was first used after 384)
314–335 		Marcus
personal data
SURNAME New Year I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Rome (314–335)
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH December 31, 335
Place of death Rome