Karl Rahner

The title of this article is ambiguous. For the German cantor and church music director, see Karl Rahner (musician) (1903–1970).

Interview with Karl Rahner 1974 (left)

Karl Josef Erich Rahner SJ (born March 5, 1904 in Freiburg im Breisgau , † March 30, 1984 in Innsbruck ) was a German Catholic theologian .

Karl Rahner is a representative of a kerygmatic theology and one of the most important theologians of the 20th century . He pioneered the opening of Catholic theology to the thinking of the 20th century and influenced the Second Vatican Council with his theology , in the preparation and implementation of which he worked as an expert .

Influenced by Erich Przywara SJ, the French Jesuit philosopher Pierre Rousselot and Joseph Maréchal, and inspired by his studies with Martin Heidegger , Rahner tried to synthesize theological tradition with modern thinking . He developed a transcendental theology based on transcendental experience .

Rahner was co-editor of the second edition of the Lexicon for Theology and Church and thus influenced the entire German-speaking Catholic theology. He increasingly criticized grievances within the Catholic Church, promoted international theological communication and promoted the dialogue between theology, the natural sciences and Marxism .

Live and act

biography

Karl Rahner grew up in a traditionally Catholic family. In his youth he was very close to the Quickborn movement , which at the time was strongly influenced by Romano Guardini . He is the brother of Hugo Rahner SJ and Elisabeth Rahner, married to Hubert Cremer .

In 1922 Rahner joined the Society of Jesus , the Jesuit order, in Tisis . From 1924 to 1933 he studied philosophy and Catholic theology at the religious colleges in Feldkirch , Pullach and Valkenburg . The long training period customary in the order, during which Rahner was ordained priest in 1932 , was followed by doctoral studies in Freiburg i. Br., Which should end with a doctorate with Martin Honecker . However, this requested a revision of the submitted work, which was then published in 1939 under the title Geist in Welt . Participation in Heidegger's seminars during this time became important for Rahner. He later said of him, "that although he had many good schoolmasters of the oral word, but only one whom he can venerate as his teacher, Martin Heidegger." Since Rahner is currently dealing with Martin Heidegger's fundamental ontology , he is Erich Przywara, together with Max Müller and Gustav Siewerth, was assigned to a "Catholic Heidegger School".

After breaking off his philosophical doctorate in Freiburg, Rahner was appointed lecturer in theology by the order's leadership and went to Innsbruck in 1936, where he received his doctorate in the same year and qualified as a professor in 1937. He became a lecturer in dogmatics and began extensive lectures and lectures. As early as 1937 he was giving lectures on the philosophy of religion - fundamental theological lectures at the Salzburg University Weeks , which were published under the title Hörer des Wort (1941). He published his Freiburg work Geist in Welt (1939), the extensive adaptation of a French work Ascese and Mysticism in the Fathers' Time (1939), also a first collection of prayers and meditations, the words in silence (1937).

In 1939 the National Socialists occupied all buildings belonging to the Jesuits in Innsbruck and imposed a "district ban" on the Jesuits in Tyrol. Rahner therefore went to Vienna , began his first teaching position there in 1939 and worked there until 1944 under the protection of the local Cardinal Theodor Innitzer . During this time, he mainly took on tasks belonging to the order as well as a wide range of lectureships, including at the Vienna Pastoral Office or as a dogmatic lecturer at the Vienna theological courses .

In 1944/45 he lived in Lower Bavaria , where he led several rural parishes and was a pastor . From 1945 to 1949 he taught and preached in Munich; as a lecturer in dogmatics , he also gave lectures at the Jesuit University in Pullach.

From 1949 he was able to teach at the reopened theological faculty of the Canisianum in Innsbruck , Tyrol as a full professor of dogmatics and the history of dogmas , where his brother Hugo Rahner also worked. Many articles and lectures were written that formed the basis of his main theological work, the writings on theology . He planned and implemented the - with the supplementary volumes - the 14-volume Lexicon for Theology and Church (2nd edition), the 5-volume manual of pastoral theology , the series Quaestiones disputatae . His collection of pastoral theological essays Mission and Grace (1959) made him famous worldwide, translated into European languages.

Since 1961 he has been examining the templates for the announced Second Vatican Council for the Vienna Cardinal König . From Pope John XXIII. he was appointed theologian of the Second Vatican Council , although he was still formally under censorship by his order leadership , in whose preparation he played an essential part. His contributions to the doctrine of revelation and the reintroduction of the permanent diaconate were significant .

He was a member of the Ecumenical Working Group of Protestant and Catholic Theologians (ÖAK) for years.

In 1964 a period of great public honors began; Rahner received the first of a total of 15 honorary doctorates. His lecture tours have taken him to almost all European countries. As a result of his advocacy of peace and the dialogue of different worldviews, he was able to give lectures in almost all Eastern Bloc countries even during the “Cold War” .

He has lectured several times in the USA, Canada and Scandinavia. He actively participated in the dialogue events of the Görres Society , which sought a dialogue between theology and the natural sciences. He also took part in the Paulus Society , which became known for its dialogue with Marxism.

Since 1964, Rahner held the chair for Christian Weltanschauung at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich as the successor to Romano Guardini . The lectures there on the introduction to the concept of Christianity formed the basis for the comprehensive introductory work Basic Course of Faith published in 1976 .

From 1967 until his retirement in 1971 he was a full professor for dogmatics and the history of dogma at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster .

In 1969 he was appointed a member of the newly established Papal International Theological Commission, but left it because his ideas could not be implemented there. As early as 1971 he came back to Munich, where he was appointed honorary professor for border issues between theology and philosophy by the University of Philosophy . He worked actively at the synod of the West German dioceses from 1971 to 1975, for which he published the programmatic book Structural Change of the Church as an Opportunity and a Task .

In 1971, Rahner advocated maintaining the Catholic German Student Union (KDSE) , the amalgamation of the entire Catholic student body in what was then the Federal Republic of Germany. With a counter-opinion together with Johann Baptist Metz , he opposed Joseph Ratzinger , who was the representative of the German Bishops' Conference .

In 1981 he moved to Innsbruck, where he laid the foundations for the collection of his manuscripts that became the current Karl Rahner Archive (since 2008 in Munich). In 1983, together with the Munich theologian Heinrich Fries, he published the groundbreaking book Unification of the Churches - Real Possibility . Rahner supported Georg Sporschill in founding a Caritas youth center in Vienna. a. gave home to young drug addicts. Whenever he was in Vienna, he demonstratively lived in this house, admired the young people's tattoos or invited them to visit the Vienna Prater. In 1984 Rahner died in Innsbruck and was buried in the crypt of the Jesuit church.

Rahner's Complete Works , edited by Karl Lehmann , Johann Baptist Metz , Karl-Heinz Neufeld SJ and Andreas R. Batlogg SJ, Albert Raffelt and Herbert Vorgrimler have been published since 1995 . The series is published by the Karl Rahner Foundation in Verlag Herder and was completed in 2018 as a complete edition with 38 partial volumes.

Awards

Karl Rahner's diverse activities have been recognized by numerous official honors. He received a total of 15 honorary doctorates. In 1970 he received the Romano Guardini Prize and the Great Federal Cross of Merit with Star of the Federal Republic of Germany and became a member of the Pour le Mérite order for science and the arts. In 1972 he became an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in Boston, in 1973 he received the Sigmund Freud Prize for scientific prose from the German Academy for Language and Poetry, in 1979 the “Pere Marquette Discovery Award” from Marquette University in Milwaukee (after the Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Michel Collins and in front of Mother Teresa and Desmond Tutu ). In 1974 he was elected a corresponding member of the British Academy . In 1979 he was awarded the Cultural Prize of Honor of the City of Munich , and in 1982 with the Dr. Leopold Lucas Prize of the University of Tübingen for promoting tolerance.

Several commemorative publications were published on his “round” birthdays since 1964.

On his 80th birthday in 1984 - shortly before his death - the University of Innsbruck donated the Karl Rahner Prize for theological research. Also in 1984 he was awarded the Tyrolean State Prize for Science .

The annual Rahner lecture has been held at the Munich University of Philosophy since 2009 (every two years since 2016), which is digitally published as a journal by the Freiburg University Library together with the Karl-Rahner.Archiv Munich .

meaning

Hans Küng perhaps sums up the importance of Rahner for the younger generation of German theologians at the time of the Council when he describes him as the “protagonist of freedom in theology”. His 16-volume writings on theology from 1954 to 1984 formed the basis for a reorientation in German-speaking Catholic theology . His main works include the Basic Course of Faith and his theses on the subject of ecumenism in the paper Unification of the Churches - Real Possibility , written together with Heinrich Fries, from 1983. He also earned merit by publishing the second edition of the Lexicon for Theology and Church ; He was co-editor of the Lexicon Sacramentum Mundi (1967–1969), the series Quaestiones disputatae (1958–1984) and Theological Academy (1965–1975), the journal Concilium (1965 ff.), the International Dialogue Journal (1968–1984) , the Encyclopedia Christian Faith in Modern Society (1980–84), the Handbook of Pastoral Theology (1964–1972).

Institutions

Karl Rahner Academy Cologne

The Karl-Rahner-Platz in Freiburg

The Karl Rahner House in Freiburg

Karl-Rahner-Platz together with the Jesuit Church in Innsbruck

Karl Rahner's estate is kept in the Karl Rahner Archive in Munich, which is part of the Archives of the German Province of the Jesuits (ADPSJ) and was at the University of Innsbruck until 2008. The Karl Rahner Foundation, based in Munich, is responsible for the publication of the complete edition of Karl Rahner's works. The Foundation's Karl Rahner plaque, which was awarded for the first time in 2004, was given to Cardinal Karl Lehmann , and Albert Raffelt as the second in 2018 . In the United States of America there is a Karl Rahner Society that meets regularly for an annual meeting, the contributions of which are published. The Karl Rahner Academy in Cologne and the Karl Rahner House of the Archdiocese of Freiburg (seat of pastoral institutions) bear the name of Karl Rahners .

plant

Influences

Rahner's theology was developed on the basis of neo-scholastic Jesuit school theology, of which he was a profound expert. Like no other theologian of the 20th century, he understood how to make the issues of school theology transparent to the problems of the present, to think through their potential and to continue productively.

As with other great theologians of the 20th century, his fund also included an intensive reading of the Church Fathers , including Origen .

The third source of Rahner's theology - factually at least as important as those mentioned - is the spirituality of his religious father Ignatius von Loyola , which is not only evident in Rahner's interpretations of Ignatius and his interpretations of the Ignatian exercises .

Fourth, the inclusion of the philosophical approach of the Belgian Jesuit Joseph Maréchal is important, who - influenced by Maurice Blondel et al. a. - to take up the Kantian question and tried to solve it within the framework of a Thomistic philosophy. Rahner's interpretation of Thomas Geist in Welt , written in the vicinity of Martin Heidegger during his student days in Freiburg , stands for this. Hans Urs von Balthasar wrote about this in 1964, “This synthesis also corresponded completely to the Jesuit genius of an anti-static, baroque dynamic. With it, Rahner was able to understand the sweeping heartbeat of the church fathers, with whose theology and spirituality he initially started ”.

Fifth, one still has to point out Rahner's critical view of social reality. Which other theologian of the speculative rank of Karl Rahner was not too good to write about the station mission, the prison chaplaincy or the parish library? Several volumes on pastoral theology in the Complete Works show this orientation as well as later his involvement in the synod of the dioceses in the Federal Republic of Germany, whose resolutions and positions were largely not approved by the papal side.

Characteristics of theology

The focus of Karl Rahner's work is the theology of grace . Grace is not originally “created grace”, but God in his self-communication. The experience of grace is at the core of Christianity. Grace is nothing like a thing, but “a determination of the spiritual subject, who through grace arrives in the immediacy of God himself. Only when grace is grasped from the point of view of the subject is it not understood mythologically or reified . The 'most objective' of the reality of salvation, God and his grace, appears at the same time as the most subjective of man ”(Karl Lehmann in the Lexicon for Theology and Church, 3rd ed.).

From the theological point of view of God's self-communication, Rahner's theology was oriented towards theology of trinity from the very beginning. Taking up the latest Protestant exegesis at the time , he worked out the exegetical foundation in his essay Theos in the New Testament during the Second World War. His lecture on theology of grace is called De Gratia Christi (instead of simply De Gratia ). The doctrine of the Trinity is developed from the axiom of the identity of the economic (salvation-historical) and the immanent Trinity, i.e. from God's self-communication in creation, spirit and history as a statement about the reality of the Triune God himself.

Rahner's approach stands with the question of the addressee of this self-communication or of the conditions of the possibility of understanding Christian revelation presupposed in the subject for an “ anthropological turn” in (Catholic) theology. The transcendental question, however, is not imposed on theology, but must be posed by itself with necessity. In all stages of his thinking, Rahner interprets the doctrine of Christianity from this perspective. The question from the human perspective does not mean a thematic “anthropocentricity” either, since it is first of all a formal question and, on the other hand, Rahner understands human existence as dependent on the reality of God.

The abundance of individual themes in Rahner's work gains structure from here. The starting point of the doctrine of grace - determined by the history of the work through its teaching tasks - leads to the question of God's general will to salvation (cf. 1 Tim 2,4  EU ). The interpretation of the encyclical Mystici Corporis Pius XII. asks about the possibility of salvation outside (confessional) Christianity and the narrow fixation on it. The intensive preoccupation with the sacrament of penance and its personal and ecclesiastical components (all works, vol. 6 and on the history of penance, vol. 11) - again determined by the teaching activity - are to be classified here. He is interested in “The Christian and his unbelieving relatives” as well as the question of the salvation of prehistoric man. The stimulus word “anonymous Christian” formulates the question boldly, but conceals the question of the concrete way of personal salvation and its incarnational component when viewed superficially . The abundance of applications that are critical of society and the church should always be read against the background of the transcendental experience of grace, the closeness of God in his self-communication, which makes all ideological appropriations impossible. Rahner sees the future of Christianity in this “ mystical ” side. She also makes him plead for a courageous church that is open to the “world” (“ Tutiorism of risk”), which is aware of its diaspora situation in a pluralistic society.

The so-called short formulas of faith offer a summary of his transcendental theological considerations in a very small space .

Reception and criticism

With a critical intention towards Rahner writes u. a. Vincent Berning in a contribution about his intended philosophical doctoral supervisor , Martin Honecker : Rahner's philosophical dissertation Geist in Welt from 1939 (published in Innsbruck) is the attempt, influenced by Joseph Maréchal , to use the epistemological approach of Immanuel Kant (with the subject) within the epistemological metaphysics of Thomas von Aquinas understand. Rahner actually wanted to do his doctorate with this work as early as 1937 with Martin Honecker in Freiburg, but he demanded a revision of the dissertation (which Rahner, who had meanwhile already obtained a doctorate in theology and was about to start a theological lectureship, refused).

Other criticisms heard this modern approach, mainly because of Maréchal (and Rahner) independent interpretation of Thomas Aquinas, seen by the transcendental epistemology Kant, such as Hans Urs von Balthasar , Dietrich von Hildebrand , Bernhard Lakebrink and Walter Hoeres . However, theologians have meanwhile become more receptive to the justification of the Kantian approach.

In contrast to the neo-Scholastic positions prevailing at his time , which claimed God's grace to be mediated by the church, Karl Rahner made differentiations in his essay on church membership without questioning the “corporeality of grace” (see above: all works 18). Rahner's understanding of grace as God's self- communication is fundamental . His concept of a supernatural existential is , however, controversial in the more recent transcendentally argued theology ( Hansjürgen Verweyen , Thomas Pröpper ).

Opponents also recognize Karl Rahner's path of thought as genuine originality, but some lack a practicable “translation” of his speculative considerations for the life of faith, while others see Rahner's strength in the fact that his theology has strong spiritual roots and always includes the pastoral component had in view. The optimism of salvation, developed not only by Rahner, for “anonymous Christianity” in its terminology, according to which people outside the visible church are not only allowed to participate in salvation-like grace in exceptional cases, has repeatedly met in the past and present because of the complex terminology on concerns (HU von Balthasar, J. Ratzinger, JB Metz and others). The intended cause itself - the possibility of salvation outside of Christianity - is, however, in principle incorporated into the decisions of the Council and is represented by Joseph Ratzinger and Hans Urs von Balthasar in the spirit of Vatican II , as Rahner himself pointed out.

In Rahner's theology, Hans Küng methodologically states a “lack of consistent historical thinking” and “of historical-critical exegesis” . However, he does not concern himself with Rahner's historical studies of the history of dogma , but insists on his historical image , which he fought for in the 1950s .

Uta Ranke-Heinemann referred to Karl Rahner's view of the virgin birth as a legendary midrash , which should not be understood biologically but theologically, in the last and decisive discussion about the loss of her chair in the television program "West 3 - Magazine, topic: Virgo birth" , on June 13, 1987. The Dominican Father Willehad Paul Eckert OP (1926–2005) replied: “What Rahner says is wrong.” On June 15, 1987 Uta Ranke-Heinemann lost her chair for New Testament and Old Church History at the university Eating because of her persistent doubt about the virgin birth. She describes Karl Rahner as the theologian who (alongside Rudolf Bultmann ) had the greatest influence on her. Both were in contact with each other for decades. Rahner had written a foreword to her book on Protestantism in 1962 and had been the main reviewer for her habilitation in Catholic theology in 1969, the world's first habilitation for a woman in this subject.

The reference to critical inquiries - which could easily be expanded - must not obscure the fact of the broad reception of Rahner's theology, which is partly based on his connection to school theology. Through this connection, his theology was understandable in various milieus in the Catholic Church around the world. All in all, the still lively examination of Rahner's work shows the status of his theological draft. With all discussions that begin or flare up again, the history of the reception of his work, as well as that of the texts of Vatican II, is only at the beginning. Even a cross-border commuter himself, Karl Rahner is open to both a more conservative-dogmatic and a modern-existential interpretation in his works. He was unequivocally disgusted with theological self-sufficiency of any color.

Cardinal Lehmann writes that "Karl Rahner is already something of a classical theologian today", "and his work is full of the repeatedly surprising explosive power of sparking thought and a unique spiritual presence".

Works (selection)

• Words into Silence (1938)
• Spirit in World (1939)
• Asceticism and mysticism in the father's time / together with Marcel Viller (1939)
• Hearer of the word. On the foundation of a philosophy of religion (1941)
• Writings on theology , 16 volumes (1954–84)
• About Scripture Inspiration (1958)
• The Dynamic in the Church (1958)
• Visions and Prophecies / With the collaboration of P. Theodor Baumann SJ. supplemented 2nd edition (1958)
• On the theology of death (1958)
• Mission and Grace (1959)
• Church and Sacraments (1961)
• Episcopate and primacy / together with Joseph Ratzinger (1961)
• The problem of hominization / together with Paul Overhage (1961)
• Diaconia in Christo / Ed. Together with Herbert Vorgrimler (1962)
• Revelation and Tradition / together with Joseph Ratzinger (1965)
• The many masses and one sacrifice / together with Angelus Häussling . 2., revised. u. exp. Ed. (1966)
• Memorandum for the celibacy discussion , together with u. a. Walter Kasper , Karl Lehmann , Joseph Ratzinger , Rudolf Schnackenburg from February 9, 1970
• On the reform of theology studies (1969)
• On the problem of infallibility. Answers to the inquiry from Hans Küng / Ed. Von K. Rahner (1971)
• Structural Change in the Church as a Task and an Opportunity (1972)
• Christology - systematic and exegetical / together with Wilhelm Thüsing (1972)
• The Sevenfold Gift: On the Sacraments of the Church (1974)
• Preliminary questions on an ecumenical understanding of ministry (1974)
• Basic Faith Course (1976)
• Unification of the churches - real possibility / together with Heinrich Fries (1983)
• Manual of Pastoral Theology , 5 volumes / as co-editor (1964–72)
• What is heresy? (1961)
• Sacramentum mundi , 4 volumes / as co-editor (1967-69)
• The Faith of the Church Revised work by Josef Neuner and Heinrich Roos (1971)

expenditure

Complete edition

• Karl Rahner, Complete Works , ed. by Karl Cardinal Lehmann , Johann Baptist Metz , Karl-H. Neufeld, Albert Raffelt , Herbert Vorgrimler and Andreas R. Batlogg , 1995–2018. Overview of the complete edition .

1. Period of the foundations (1922–1949 / Vol. 1–8)

   Vol. 1: Early Spiritual Texts and Studies. Basics in the Order

   Vol. 2: Spirit in the world. Philosophical writings.

   Vol. 3: Spirituality and Theology of the Church Fathers

   Vol. 4: hearers of the word. Writings on the philosophy of religion and on the foundation of theology

   Vol. 5: De Gratia Christi. Writings on the doctrine of grace [2 volumes]

   Vol. 6: De paenitentia. Dogmatic Lectures on the Sacrament of Penance [2 volumes]

   Vol. 7: The praying Christian. Spiritual Scriptures and Studies on the Practice of Faith

   Vol. 8: Man in Creation

2. Period of construction (1949–1964 / Vol. 9–18)

   Vol. 9: Mary, mother of the Lord. Mariological studies

   Vol. 10: Church in the Challenges of Time. Studies on ecclesiology and ecclesiastical existence

   Vol. 11: Man and Sin. Writings on the history and theology of penance

   Vol. 12: Being human and God's incarnation. Studies on the foundation of dogmatics, christology, theological anthropology and eschatology

   Vol. 13: Ignatian Spirit. Writings on the retreats and on the spirituality of the organ founder

   Vol. 14: Christian life. Essays - Reflections - Sermons

   Vol. 15: Responsibility of theology. In dialogue with natural sciences and social theory

   Vol. 16: Church renewal. Studies on pastoral theology and the structure of the church

   Vol. 17: Encyclopedic Theology. The lexicon contributions from 1956–1973 [2 volumes]

   Vol. 18: corporeality of grace. Scriptures on the doctrine of the sacraments

3. Period of Development (1964–1976 / Vol. 19–26)

   Vol. 19: Self-Execution of the Church. Ecclesiological foundation of practical theology

   Vol. 20: Priestly Existence. Contributions to ministry in the Church

   Vol. 21: The Second Vatican Council. Contributions to the Council and its Interpretation [2 volumes]

   Vol. 22/1: Dogmatics after the Council. Volume 1: Fundamentals of Theology, Doctrine of God and Christology [2 volumes]

   Vol. 22/2: Dogmatics after the Council. Volume 2: Theological Anthropology and Eschatology

   Vol. 23: Faith in everyday life. Writings on spirituality and the Christian way of life

   Vol. 24: The council in the local church. Writings on the structure and social mission of the church [2 volumes]

   Vol. 25: Renewal of religious life. Testimony for the Church and the world

   Vol. 26: Basic Course of Faith. Studies on the Concept of Christianity

4. Collection period (1977–1984 / Vol. 27–32)

   Vol. 27: Unity in Diversity. Writings on ecumenical theology

   Vol. 28: Christianity in Society. Writings on questions of the church, on youth and on Christian shaping the world

   Vol. 29: Spiritual writings. Late Contributions to the Practice of Faith

   Vol. 30: Initiatives for systematic theology. Contributions to fundamental theology and dogmatics

   Vol. 31: In conversation about church and society. Interviews and statements

   Vol. 32/1: Supplements

   Vol. 32/2: Register

Selected Works

• Karl Cardinal Lehmann / Albert Raffelt (eds.): Karl-Rahner-Lesebuch , 2nd edition. Herder, Freiburg i.Br. 2004, ISBN 3-451-28308-5 . Updated special edition 2014, ISBN 978-3-451-33298-2 and Darmstadt, Wiss. Book Society 2014, ISBN 978-3-534-26442-1

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karl Rahner by Albert Raffelt, Hansjürgen Verweyen, CH Beck, 1997 ISBN 3-406-41941-0
2. ↑ http://www.ub.uni-freiburg.de/fileadmin/ub/referate/04/rahner/rahnerbi.htm
3. ^ Pedagogy and didactics of the ages by Franz Weigl; Ludwig Battista; Anton Heinen; Elisabeth Rahner; Maria Montessori; Published by München: Kösel & Pustet, 1931-1934
4. ^ Family and Small Child Education , by Anton Heinen; Elisabeth Rahner; Maria Montessori, Verlag Kösel & Pustet, 1934.
5. ↑ The thought of the training of mothers in its development from Comenius to the present. Dissertation Elisabeth Rahner, 1936
6. ↑ What remains of Karl Rahner? Theological program for today and tomorrow. Lecture at the first Rahner Lecture at the University of Philosophy in Munich on April 24, 2009. Karl Cardinal Lehmann. https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/6501 , accessed on April 16, 2018
7. ↑ Complete Works 22/2, p. 684.
8. ^ Margarete Schmid: Employee in the Viennese pastoral care office . In: Paul Imhof, Hubert Biallowons (Ed.): Karl Rahner. Pictures of a life . Benziger / Herder, Zurich / Cologne / Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1985, ISBN 3-451-20306-5 , p. 36-38 .
9. ↑ Theology of Marriage . At the 29th conference with contributions from Rudolf Schnackenburg , Heinrich Greeven , Joseph Ratzinger , Heinz-Dietrich Wendland ; P. 155: List of the members of the working group, publishers Friedrich Pustet Regensburg and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen, 1969
10. ^ Johann Baptist Metz, Karl Rahner: What students are still allowed to do, [excerpts from an expert opinion on the KDSE] . In: Publik-Forum No. 10 (May 18, 1973), pp. 6-7. Full text: On the need for student communities . In: Die Sendung 26 (1973), No. 4, pp. 3–12
    Die Deutsche Universitätszeitung united with Hochschul-Dienst, Volume 29. Verlag J. Raabe, 1973, p. 425.
    Christian Schmidtmann: Katholische Studierende 1945–1973. A study on the cultural and social history of the Federal Republic of Germany. Paderborn 2006.
11. ↑ Michael Langer: Longing for the secret Karl Rahner. In: Langer and Niewiadomski (eds.): The theological back stairs. ¨Pattloch, 2005.
12. ^ Complete edition of Karl Rahner's works. On kathisch.de from April 12, 2018.
13. ^ Deceased Fellows. British Academy, accessed July 22, 2020 . 
14. ↑ Tyrolean State Prize for Science - Prize Winners 1984 to 2014 ( Memento of the original from October 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved October 14, 2015. 
15. ↑ Hans Küng: Fought for freedom. P. 334f.
16. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 26.
17. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 27.
18. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 17.
19. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 19
20. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated September 7, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
21. ↑ [1]
22. ^ Karl Rahner Society
23. ^ Homepage of the Karl Rahner Academy
24. ↑ See Complete Works , Vols. 3 and 11.
25. ↑ Christoph Bruns: Hearer of the word. Karl Rahner and Origenes , in: Theologie und Philosophie 87 (2012), 46–72
26. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 13.
27. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 2
28. ↑ Neue Zürcher Nachrichten 28, No. 8 (February 29, 1964)
29. ↑ Cf. Karl Rahner: Structural change in the church
30. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 4
31. ↑ See Trinity # Catholic Theology (there: Karl Rahner) and: Michael Hauber: Unsagbar Nahe. A study on the origin and meaning of Karl Rahner's doctrine of the Trinity. Innsbruck 2011 (ITS 82). Andreas Batlogg reviewed this work (Andreas Batlogg: Review of: Michael Hauber, Unsagbar Nahe . A study on the origin and meaning of Karl Rahner's theology of the Trinity, Innsbruck 2011. In: ThPh 87 (2012), 467-470.) And describes it as “ Reference ", from which" even Rahn researchers can ... learn ".
32. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 26
33. ↑ Hans Urs von Balthasar: Cordula or the emergency. 3rd edition Einsiedeln 1968
34. ↑ See the anthology Kant and Catholicism , 2005
35. ↑ Complete Works , Vol. 10
36. ↑ now Benedict XVI. : About the meaning of being a Christian. New edition 2005, p. 58
37. ↑ Hans Urs von Balthasar: Spiritus creator , 1967, p. 159, etc.
38. ↑ Hans Küng: Fought for freedom p. 335f.
39. ↑ See Karl Rahner, On the subject of virgin birth , 2nd edition, Stuttgart 1970, pp. 124f.
40. ↑ See Uta Ranke-Heinemann, Eunuchs für das Himmelreich . Catholic Church and Sexuality. From Jesus to Benedict XVI., Munich 2012, 26th edition.
41. ^ Karl Lehmann / Albert Raffelt (eds.): Karl-Rahner-Lesebuch , Freiburg i.Br. 2004, p. 48.
42. ^ Memorandum on Celibacy
43. ^ Complete edition of Karl Rahner's works , Catholic News Agency, April 12, 2018.

literature

• Andreas R. Batlogg et al. a .: Karl Rahner's way of thinking. Sources - Developments - Perspectives. Mainz 2003, ISBN 3-7867-2456-3 .
• Andreas R. Batlogg and Melvin E. Michalski (eds.): Encounters with Karl Rahner. Companions remember. Herder, Freiburg 2006, ISBN 3-451-29096-0 .
• Mariano Delgado, Matthias Lutz-Bachmann (ed.): Theology from experience of grace. Approaches to Karl Rahner. Hildesheim 1994.
• Peter Eicher : The anthropological turn. Karl Rahner's philosophical path from the essence of man to personal existence. Dokimion 1, Freiburg / CH 1970.
• Klaus Fischer: Man as a secret. Karl Rahner's anthropology. With a letter from K. Rahner. Freiburg i.Br. 1974
• Bert van der Heijden: Karl Rahner: Presentation and criticism of his basic positions. Einsiedeln 1973
• Bernd Jochen Hilberath : Karl Rahner. God's mystery man. Grünewald, Mainz 1995.
• Johannes Herzgsell : Karl Rahner: religious philosopher, theologian and spiritual writer. In: Janez Perčič, Johannes Herzgsell (ed.): Great thinkers of the Jesuit order. Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2016, ISBN 978-3-506-78400-1 , pp. 87-106
• Martin Kolozs : Karl Rahner: Innsbruck years . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2014, ISBN 978-3-7030-0837-5 .
• Karl Lehmann (Ed.): Understanding people before the mystery of God. Karl Rahner on his 80th birthday. Munich / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-7954-0129-1 .
• Ralf Miggelbrink : Ecstatic love of God in an active relation to the world. Karl Rahner's contribution to the contemporary doctrine of God. Dissertation. Telos-Verlag, Altenberge 1989, ISBN 3-89375-014-2 .
• Karl Heinz Neufeld: The Rahner Brothers. 2nd edition Herder, Freiburg 2004, ISBN 3-451-28309-3 .
• Elke Pahud de Mortanges : tightrope walk and fall - Luise Rinser and Karl Rahner. In: Unholy Couples? Love stories that weren't allowed to be. Kösel, Munich 2011, pp. 221-249, ISBN 978-3-466-37006-1 .
• Albert Raffelt , Hansjürgen Verweyen : Karl Rahner. Beck'sche Reihe 541, Munich 1997, ISBN 978-3-406-41941-6 .
• Nikolaus Schwerdtfeger : Grace and the world. On the basic structure of Karl Rahner's theory of "anonymous Christians". Herder Verlag, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-451-19635-2 (= Freiburg theological studies 123; dissertation, Freiburg 1981).
• Herbert Vorgrimler : Understanding Karl Rahner. An introduction to his life and thinking. Freiburg i. Br. 1985
• Herbert Vorgrimler: Karl Rahner - experience of God in life and thought. Darmstadt 2004, ISBN 3-89678-489-7 .
• Karl-Heinz Weger : Karl Rahner. An introduction to his theological thinking. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1986, ISBN 3-451-20605-6 .

Lexicon entries

• Karl H. Neufeld:  Rahner, Karl Erich Joseph. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 114 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Gisela Fleckenstein:  RAHNER, Karl Josef Erich. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 30, Bautz, Nordhausen 2009, ISBN 978-3-88309-478-6 , Sp. 1123-1127.

archive

• Karl Rahner Archive

Sound and film documents

• Proseminar hour on July 16, 1974 in the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg i.Br. Online resource, audio
• Experiences of a Catholic theologian - Speech on February 12, 1984 at the conference of the Catholic Academy of the Archdiocese of Freiburg on the occasion of Karl Rahner's 80th birthday in the auditorium maximum of the university online resource video
• Hans-Dieter Mutschler on Rahner's dialogue with the natural sciences (55 minutes audio)
• Lectures and interviews by and with Karl Rahner in the online archive of the Austrian Media Library

Web links

Commons : Karl Rahner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikiquote: Karl Rahner  - Quotes

• Guy Woodward:  Karl Rahner (1904-1984). In: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy .

bibliography

• Literature by and about Karl Rahner in the catalog of the German National Library
• Works by and about Karl Rahner  in the German Digital Library
• Karl Rahner portal of the Freiburg im Breisgau University Library - comprehensive bibliography on Rahner's work and literature about him, image and audio documents

Rahner's digital publications

• Structural change of the church as a task and an opportunity , Freiburg 1972 (new edition 1989) ( Memento from December 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file)
• Lectures and seminars in 1956/59 with K.Rahner , transcripts from O. Schärpf SJ.

Facilities

• Karl Rahner Academy Cologne
• Karl Rahner Page of the Jesuits in Germany

Introductions

• Bernd Jochen Hilberath: God Secret Man ; (PDF; 2.6 MB)
• Theological-biographical sketch by Herbert Vorgrimler (pdf; 90 kB)
• Karl Rahner (1904–1984). An introduction by Brigitte Kleinschwärzer-Meister
• Michael Ständer: Anthropology and Christology - an interview with Karl Rahner and Peter Hünermann , master's thesis, FU Berlin.

Essays on reception

• David Berger's criticism of Karl Rahner ( Memento from February 17, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
• Herbert Vorgrimler's criticism of David Berger (pdf; 150 kB)
• Essays on Rahner in Christ in the Present
• Albert Raffelt: Pluralism - a plea for Rahner and a comment on the matter pdf! (227 kB)
• Albert Raffelt: Still strong response: A look back at the "Rahner year" 2004
• Albert Raffelt: Rahner and Blondel
• "Theology on the test stand", issue 6/2005 of the journal "Lebendige Seelsorge" with a discussion of the theological approaches of Rahner and Ratzinger

Commemoration event for the 10th anniversary of death

• Albert Raffelt (Ed.): Karl Rahner in memory with a speech by Franz Cardinal König and with Rahner's last lecture at the University of Freiburg in 1984.