Pullach in the Isar Valley

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Pullach in the Isar valley
Pullach in the Isar Valley
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Pullach in the Isar valley highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 4 '  N , 11 ° 31'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Munich
Height : 583 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.4 km 2
Residents: 9030 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 1220 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 82049
Area code : 089
License plate : M , AIB , WOR
Community key : 09 1 84 139
LOCODE : DE PUI
Community structure: 3 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Johann-Bader-Str. 21
82049 Pullach im Isar Valley
Website : www.pullach.de
Mayoress : Susanna Tausendfreund ( Greens )
Location of the municipality Pullach in the Isar valley in the district of Munich
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Pullach seen from the eastern bank of the Isar
Pullach am Isar high bank

Pullach im Isartal (officially: Pullach i. Isartal ) is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Munich . The eastern border of the municipality is marked by the Isar , on the left bank of which is Pullach.

geography

Geographical location

Pullach is located on the western high bank of the Isar south of Munich .

geology

Pullach is located in the Munich gravel plain that was formed during several ice ages . Since then the Isar has dug in 40–50 m and formed a high bank . The groundwater layer was cut at the foot of the high bank , so that numerous springs emerge there.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Grünwald on the opposite bank of the Isar and south of Baierbrunn . In the north, Pullach borders on Munich , namely the districts of Solln and Thalkirchen . In the west is the community-free forest area Forstenrieder Park .

Community structure

The municipality has three officially named municipal parts (the type of settlement is indicated in brackets ):

Gartenstadt and Isarbad are not officially designated parts of the municipality.

Garden city

The garden city was built in the 1920s between Höllriegelskreuth and Pullach west of the railway line. In the garden city, terraced and single-family houses dominate in loose development. The streets have typical names for settlements of this type, such as Ahornallee , Tannenstrasse and Siedlerweg . Only a few of the original houses have survived; the only house that has been preserved unchanged is on Josef-Heppner-Str. 11 (List of architectural monuments in the municipality of Pullach).

Großhesselohe

Großhesselohe is located in the north of the municipality of Pullach between Munich- Solln and Isar.

Weir system Großhesselohe below the forest management

The well-known forest management is located on the south-eastern outskirts on the Isar high bank. Already in 776 an estate, the Schweige Hesselohe , was mentioned in a document. In 1301 it was acquired by the Munich Heilig-Geist-Spital and from 1330 it was administered by the City of Munich. The beer brewed there and the idyllic location made Munich's city population very attractive. In 1779, Elector Karl Theodor even allowed a fair to be held. The amusement park , which is part of the economy , offered “coffee, some wine, beer, bread and tobacco in abundance, dancing and playing games. For the latter, the forest near the inn is much cheaper ... ”, as Christian Müller reported in 1816. The renaming to "Großhesselohe" at the beginning of the 19th century served as a demarcation from the so-called "Kleine Hesselohe", a new dance and entertainment area that was created in the English Garden from 1792 . Eventually the name was transferred to the place that had meanwhile emerged.

View from the Isar high bank of the Adolf-Wenz-Siedlung

The West of the village cross the route Solln- Wolfratshausen the Munich S-Bahn (with the breakpoint Großhesselohe Isartalbahnhof ) and the disused section Thalkirchen-Großhesselohe the Isartalbahn . In 1988 this disused train station at the now S-Bahn station Großhesselohe was redesigned into a brewery with an economy called "Isarbräu". The new owners, a notary and architect, carried out this change of use at length and with great financial expense. The first house brewery on the outskirts of Munich at the time caused a major change in the district for years due to the number of visitors. After a decade of loveless neglect, the "Isarbräu", which changed hands around the year 2000, was opened in November 2013 renovated by the landlords of the Rabenwirt in the district of Pullach, Adventure family. Since then the name has been "Isartaler Brauhaus".

In the north of Großhesselohes there are still remnants of the state train station of the Bavarian Maximiliansbahn , which was abandoned on May 31, 1981. Beyond the Munich – Holzkirchen railway line , in the northernmost tip of Großhesselohes, lies the “Adolf-Wenz-Siedlung” on the banks of the Isar. This is named after the clay works that used to be located here, which burned the bricks for the first railway bridge and the Munich sidewalks . The settlement can only be reached by car from the rest of the municipality via the Thalkirchen district of Munich or a steep private road.

Höllriegelskreuth

Most of the Pullach commercial and industrial companies are located in the Höllriegelskreuth part of the municipality named after Franz Höllriegel . The area has recently been supplemented by two grocery stores, which were built on the site of the former "Pullach wholesale market" and a timber shop. East of the S-Bahn tracks emerged in recent years, also the so-called. Garden Offices ( Engl. , "Garden office"), including the new headquarters of Sixt AG belongs.

Isarbad

This part of the community consists of only a few houses, the former bathing house and the spa house at the foot of the high bank directly on the Isar canal, as well as the Isar power station and some smaller buildings. It is often not seen as a separate part of the community.

Pullach

The Pullach community around the church square forms the core of the community. The Pullacher Bürgerhaus , the old Heilig-Geist-Kirche and the listed Gasthaus Rabenwirt are located on the church square . Its history began in 1852 with a beer paving for the workers in the nearby quarries. In 1852, the then landlord received a full license and the later owner and landlord, Anton Köck, ran the inn successfully until his wife's death in 1888. From then on, he leased it to the sculptor and initiator of the artists' community "Die Raben", Josef Heppner, who at that time had only married the landlord's daughter Anna Iberl from the Iberl restaurant in Solln and recently hired himself out there as a landlord. The Heppner family acquired the property in 1899 and, as a result, added a spacious villa extension to the north of the property by 1903, creating space for up to 5000 guests at the time. After a checkered history and the sale by the sons of the Heppner family to a family marriage in the 1930s, the building was expanded from 1985 to 2015 by the house owners and the new landlords and tenants, Sibylla & Klaus Abenteuer, who have been new since 2000 refurbished. The Schwaneck Castle Youth Hostel is located on the banks of the Isar . The area of ​​the BND property in Pullach extends east of the S-Bahn line to the Isar and is divided into two parts by Heilmannstraße in the middle. The Pater Rupert Mayer School Center is located on Wolfratshauser Strasse ; the Otfried-Preußler-Gymnasium Pullach and the leisure pool are located near the S-Bahn on Hans-Keis-Straße. The Pullach volunteer fire brigade is centrally located in the completely renovated and expanded fire station on Kagerbauerstraße.

history

Barrows in the Höllriegelskreuth part of the municipality near the Isar high bank prove the settlement in Celtic times. The Roman road from Salzburg to Augsburg also crossed the deep Isar valley south of Pullach.

The first historical mention is the donation of the Hesinlohe estate by Duke Tassilo III. to the Schäftlarn monastery in 776. A church in Pullach is recorded for the year 806 (according to other information 804) in a property register of Duke Arnulf from the year 1060.

The history of the districts of Pullach and Großhesselohe remained largely separate until the secularization in 1808.

History Großhesselohes

First mentioned in a document from Duke Tassilo from the year 776, with which he handed over the Schwaighof Hesselohe , from which today's forest management developed, and the hamlet of Baierbrunn to the Schäftlarn monastery to save his soul . It remained in undivided ownership until 1900. In 1301 it was sold to the Hl. Geist Spital in Munich. The Schwaige served to care for the inmates of the hospital. A chapel was built for the workers on the Schwaige, which was replaced by a new building in 1698 (parts of the later equipment probably JB Zimmermann's workshop). After secularization, the Großhesselohe estate passed into private ownership. At times, Count Montgelas was the owner, who also had a still existing classicist castle built. In the following years there were disputes between the municipality of Pullach and the city of Munich over maintenance obligations and access to the assets of the Trinity Chapel. Under the owners Eduard Woellner I. and his sons Eduard II. And Fritz Woellner, who acquired the estate with all properties such as Mongelas-Schlösschen, brewery, beer cellar, forest management and later Hotel Bittmann, the z. Partly completely deforested areas reforested.

In 1925 the brothers Eduard II. And Fritz Woellner founded the Woellner property management villa colony Großhesselohe. Then the land was parceled out. Step by step, the entire estate, which stretched from the former state train station in the north almost to Schwaneck Castle and from the Isar high bank to the Isar Valley Railway and partly beyond, was to be developed and parceled out. Numerous properties u. a. the Woellner-Bergerl, the station forecourt and the large tournament meadow (riding and driving tournaments) on the banks of the Isar were designated as recreational and green areas. Also in 1925, Fritz Woellner removed a plot of around 24,000 m² from the entire property and made it available to the Großhesselohe tennis club, which he was in charge of. Fritz Woellner had a clubhouse built in the style of English country clubs and built a cloakroom. He was later named honorary president of the tennis club.

In 1930 the forest management was sold to the Spaten brewery. In 1938 the chemical manufacturer Eduard Woellner I died in Großhesselohe. The sons Eduard II and Fritz inherited the property as preliminary heirs for the born and unborn subsequent heirs. In 1939, when Martin Bormann claimed an area of ​​around 70 hectares along Heilmannstrasse for a symbolic price, further development work ended.

Shortly after the forcible transfer of ownership was in the years from 1936 to 1938 on the site of today's BND Property in Pullach the Reichssiedlung Rudolf Hess (then called Bormann settlement) as a residence for the party elite of the Nazi party built. Even before it was built, Martin Bormann had acquired land west of today's Heilmannstrasse using party funds. The architect Roderich Fick built one and two-family houses in a simple hipped roof design on top of this. The staff building was furnished as a representative villa and also served as accommodation for the Bormann family. On the property east of Heilmannstrasse, the Siegfried leader's headquarters was built between 1943 and 1944 as one of 16 headquarters of the Todt Organization . The Führer headquarters consisted of a central bunker , close defense tower, administration and team buildings and was accessed by a separate rail connection from the Isar Valley Railway. It was never used as a headquarters.

The site was not returned after the war. The predecessor organization of the Federal Intelligence Service , the Gehlen Organization , moved into its headquarters on December 6, 1947 on the grounds of the Reichsiedlung Rudolf Hess and the Fiihrer's headquarters in Siegfried .

During the first years of the war, the manor building with the brewery cellars, stables and surrounding land was claimed by the NSDAP , and the Fritz Woellner family had to move to the Hotel Bittmann with their newborn son Fritz Felix and Josefine Woellner van Baerle, the widow of Eduard I. Shortly thereafter, the family sold the estate to the tea manufacturer Gradinger. The purchase price was deferred and was only due after the currency reform. The Hermes company still uses the property as its headquarters today.

The Catholic Church Foundation Holy Trinity was founded from the income from the sale of the property and a donation of property, but it did not lead to the construction of its own church until 1952, although the Woellner family belonged to the Protestant faith. After the end of the war, the further sale of land in Großhesselohe was continued by the two previous heirs and 3 executors. The municipality of Pullach granted Fritz Woellner honorary citizenship and the station forecourt was named Woellnerplatz.

In 1986 Fritz Felix Woellner sold the last large property to the Großhesselohe tennis club. Only a few remaining plots of land from the parceling, which the municipality uses as additional green spaces, have remained in the possession to this day.

History of Pullach

Pullach was a rural community. The first reliable mention of a church can be found in the Konradinische Matrikel as a branch church of Thalkirchen (Munich) in 1315. At the end of the 15th century, when the current old church was built, the place only had about 250 inhabitants. The place was not wealthy, which is also shown by the fact that the building of the church was supported by wealthy Munich patricians. Pullach did not have its own school for a long time, the children had to run to Thalkirchen , to the north , where there was a first school since 1686 . From 1795 there was a school in Hesselohe, which only accepted some of the children from Pullach. A school in Pullach was first built in 1837. Both schools were church sponsored. A public primary school existed from 1877.

The population of Pullach remained fluctuating at around 200 until the middle of the 19th century. Only with industrialization did the population grow rapidly.

History from the middle of the 19th century

With the construction of the Maximiliansbahn in 1854 and the construction of the Isar Valley Railway in 1891, Pullach became a destination for excursions for Munich residents. In order to cope with the high number of passengers at the state train station, the train station had at least 6 tracks. From there, the people of Munich made a pilgrimage in droves along the banks of the Isar to the large beer gardens, the Waldwirtschaft in Großhesselohe and the Rabenwirt in the center, which each had more than 5000 seats, as well as the Bürgerbräu.

In addition, Pullach developed into an artist colony south of Munich. Several villas from this period on the banks of the Isar have been preserved, including a. the classicist Schwaneck Castle , built by Ludwig von Schwanthaler , which is now mostly used as a youth hostel.

In 1892 a bathing house and a spa house on the Isar were built in Pullach, but they only remained in operation until 1904.

The Höllriegelskreuth hydropower plant was built from 1894, and another hydropower plant was built in Pullach in 1901. This laid the foundation stone for the industrialization of Pullach by the company Linde Eismaschinen (today Linde AG ) Elektrochemische Werke Munich (today United Initiators).

From 1936 to 1938 the Reichsiedlung Rudolf Hess , also known as the Sonnenwinkel settlement , was built on behalf of Martin Bormann . From December 6, 1947, the settlement was used by the Gehlen organization and from April 1, 1956 as part of the BND property in Pullach .

As one of the first communities around Munich Pullach took a community in 2005, district heating by geothermal energy in operation. 107 ° C warm water is pumped through a hole in the Malmschichten for the heating supply.

At the end of July 2006 there was a big festival week for the 1200th anniversary of the community.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the municipality grew from 7,890 to 8,983 by 1,093 inhabitants or 13.9%.

politics

mayor

The first mayor is Susanna Tausendfreund ( GREEN ). In 2014 she succeeded Jürgen Westenthanner ( CSU ). The office of second mayor is held by Andreas Most (CSU), that of third mayor Cornelia Zechmeister (WIP).

Municipal council

City council election 2020
(Votes in%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
26.76
9.81
31.21
11.79
20.43

The municipal council of Pullach im Isartal consists of 21 members (including the 1st mayor) and will be composed as follows after the 2020 local elections :


coat of arms

Pullach has had its own municipal coat of arms since 1956. It consists of 3 parts:

  • A beech with silver roots on a blue background represents the origin of the place name.
  • The von Pullach family, mentioned around 1160, is traced back to the noble family of the Lords of Baierbrunn. A black shield with three silver bars is the Baierbrunners' coat of arms.
  • The silver wave bar symbolizes the Isar.

The colors white and blue in the municipal coat of arms indicate the uninterrupted membership of the municipality in the Duchy of Bavaria .

Partnerships

Twinning sign on the closed road between Buchenhain and Höllriegelskreuth

Partnerships exist with the following locations:

  • Pauillac in the Médoc on the Gironde in France since 1964
  • Baryzhivka Raion (Баришівка) and Berezan City (Березань) in Ukraine since 1990

Numerous activities, such as the exchange of schoolchildren, athletes and senior citizens as well as the annual Franco-German friendship festival, connects Pullach with Pauillac. There is also regular exchange with the Baryzhivka and Berezan, with humanitarian aid also playing a role due to the economic situation in Ukraine.

Culture and sights

Holy Spirit Church

See also: List of architectural monuments in Pullach im Isar valley and list of ground monuments in Pullach im Isar valley

Buildings

Parks

The Forstenrieder Park has a large game reserve and is a popular destination for cyclists, inline skaters and walkers. In addition, the park is home to wild boars, which is why it is largely fenced and gated.

nature

Pullach lies on the high bank of the Isar . This has dug here about 40-50 m deep into the Munich gravel plain. Up along the high bank, a foot and bike path leads from the Großhesseloher bridge to the southern end of Pullach on the border with Buchenhain. The path offers beautiful views of the Isar Valley and, on a clear day, a distant view of the Zugspitze and Karwendel from a vantage point near Schwaneck Castle .

Down in the Isar valley, the Isar has cut the groundwater layers, so that there are springs in many places . In the past, these were also used to obtain drinking water from Pullach and, by means of a four and a half kilometer long water pipe, also to supply drinking water to Fürstenried Castle . Today some species-rich wetlands are fed from it .

Others

The Isar Canal is used by rafts in summer . At the Pullach hydroelectric power station, the rafts slide down on a raft slide with a height difference of 11 m. It is best to visit on the weekend in summer between 2 p.m. and 5 p.m.

Excursion destinations

In the Großhesselohe district is the well-known forest economy , a jazz beer garden .

Economy and Infrastructure

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Thanks to various industrial and service companies, Pullach has the third highest tax revenue per inhabitant in the Munich district after Grünwald and Unterföhring (as of 2007). The financial services sector is particularly well represented among companies. The following companies are based in the industrial park in Höllriegelskreuth:

Other larger companies based in Pullach:

traffic

The Isar Valley Railway runs north-south through Pullach and was crucial for the development of the community in the 20th century. It now runs as line S7 of the MVV from Munich to Wolfratshausen and formerly also continued to Bichl . The S-Bahn stations Großhesselohe Isartalbahnhof , Pullach and Höllriegelskreuth , which are usually served every 20 minutes by the S7 line, are located in the municipality . At the northern edge of the community, the railway line joins the route of the Munich – Holzkirchen railway line . This crosses the Isar with the Großhesseloher Bridge in the Pullach municipality.

A foot and cycle path below the tracks of the Großhesseloher Bridge leads to Munich-Harlaching (Menterschwaige) and Grünwald.

Pullach is located on the southern arterial road from Munich to Wolfratshausen . The Alte Wolfratshauser Strasse through Pullach is now just a local road, the B 11 is routed west of the Pullach residential areas via the route laid out in 1957.

Pullach is on the state road in 2872 with the Grünwalder Isarbrücke in deeply cut Isartal with Grünwald connected.

The next motorway entrances are Forstenried and Schäftlarn on the Garmisch motorway 95 and Oberhaching on the A 995 feeder to the Munich-Salzburg A 8 motorway .

Federal Intelligence Service

The Federal Intelligence Service (BND) had in the BND in Pullach property from its inception on April 1, 1956 to the official relocation to Berlin on 8 February 2019 his seat . It was only since 1996 that a board with the designation “Federal Intelligence Service” stood at the entrance. Before, there was only one label “Accommodation for the authorities”. Another code name for the property was "Federal Property Administration, Special Assets Department, Munich Branch".

The BND has a permanent branch in Pullach. There he runs the “Center for Technical Reconnaissance”. The 1,020 posts remaining in Pullach mainly belong to the Technical Reconnaissance Department (TA).

After the property no longer serves as the headquarters, it is to be reduced significantly and, among other things, the former imperial settlement area west of Heilmannstrasse is to be completely cleared. Most of the abandoned buildings that are not listed are to be demolished. The municipality of Pullach has planning sovereignty for the parts of the land that will become available. A final decision has not yet been made about reuse.

Personalities associated with Pullach

swell

  • The local history of the municipality of Pullach in the Isar valley from its beginnings to the turn of the century, Aenne Atzenbeck (publisher: Ortsgemeinde Pullach, March 1956)
  • Pullach im Isartal - Our home in the past and present, Herbert Drube (Editor: Municipality of Pullach im Isartal, 1982)
  • Festschrift "100 years of the parish of Hl. Geist Pullach", from the history of the parish of Pullach, by a former altar boy (publisher: Kath. Pfarramt Hl. Geist-Pullach, 1975)
  • Festschrift "125 Years Parish Heilig Geist Pullach, The old Catholic parish church in Pullach, by Erwin Deprosse (publisher: Kath. Kirchenstiftung Hl. Geist Pullach, 2001)
  • Pullach im Isartal - Information for our citizens, 2006 (published by the municipality of Pullach).
  • Christian Müller: Munich under King Maximilian Joseph I , Volume I, Mainz 1816, p. 372
  • Volker D. Laturell : Folk Culture in Munich , Munich 1997
  • Lothar Altmann: Fürstenried Castle , Lindenberg 2005

Web links

Commons : Pullach im Isartal  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Pullach im Isartal  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Community of Pullach im Isartal in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 9, 2019.
  3. ^ Ingeborg Pils: The forest economy . Buchendorfer, 2004, ISBN 3-937090-02-9 . Chapter From the Hesseloher Schwaige to forest management , pages 22–33
  4. ↑ Aenne Atzenbeck: The local history of the municipality of Pullach im Isartal from its beginnings to the turn of the century , 1956. Facsimile in: Municipality of Pullach im Isartal (ed.): Pullacher Ortschronik after Aenne Atzenbeck and Dr. Herbert Druhe (= Pullacher series of publications, Volume 1). Imma Marketing Verlag 2003, ISBN 3-9809307-2-6 , p. 91
  5. ↑ Herbert Druhe: Pullach im Isartal - Our home in the past and present , 1982. Facsimile in: Municipality of Pullach im Isartal (ed.): Pullacher Ortschronik after Aenne Atzenbeck and Dr. Herbert Druhe (= Pullacher series of publications, Volume 1). Imma Marketing Verlag 2003, ISBN 3-9809307-2-6 , pp. 126-136
  6. ↑ Mayor team 2020. Accessed on May 24, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Election of the local council 2020. Accessed on May 24, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Community partnerships ( Memento of the original dated December 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pullach.de
  9. ↑ Marcel Fürstenau: From Pullach to Berlin - The long way of the BND. In: dw.com. February 8, 2019, accessed November 7, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Marc Neller, Florian Flade: Reportage secret services - BND agents break their silence. In: https://www.welt.de/ . Die Welt, April 6, 2015, accessed November 7, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Hans Leyendecker: Federal Intelligence Service - Like from a bad agent film. In: https://www.sueddeutsche.de/ . Süddeutsche Zeitung, June 3, 2017, accessed on November 7, 2019 .
  12. ^ BND - locations. In: https://www.bnd.bund.de/ . BND, accessed November 7, 2019 .
  13. ^ New BND headquarters: This is how the secret move went. In: https://www.morgenpost.de/ . Berliner Morgenpost, November 29, 2018, accessed on November 7, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Martin Schlüter: The spies sleep at night - last views of the BND in Pullach . with texts by Klaus Honnef and Niklas Maak. Sieveking Verlag, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-944874-03-6 (blurb).