Forstenrieder Park
The Forstenrieder Park is an extensive wooded area south-west of Munich . The state forest , of which it mainly consists, is located in the district of Munich for the most part in a community-free area , which has an area of 37.08 km². Together with the forest Kasten and the Fürstenried Forest, which is seamlessly connected to the northwest, it forms a 4,912 hectare landscape protection area . The former hat forests and the former hunting grounds of the nobility and the Wittelsbach rulers have a long history and are today, as extensive coniferous and mixed forests, important as a source of raw materials, drinking water extraction area and for the local climate. The area has also established itself as a retreat for some rare plant and animal species. It is part of the Munich green belt . Last but not least, the Forstenrieder Park is used for recreation and numerous leisure activities for the Munich city population.
Geography and geology
location
Forstenrieder Park adjoins the southern city limits of Munich and there the districts of Solln , Forstenried and Fürstenried . Furthermore, it borders on the areas of the places (clockwise) Pullach , Baierbrunn , Hohenschäftlarn , Oberdill , Leutstetten , Buchendorf and Neuried . The Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen motorway (A 95) runs through the middle of Forstenrieder Park, which is also traversed by the Munich – Starnberg state road (State road 2065 ) and many forest roads, mostly parallel and at right angles to each other, the cleared ones . These paths are about 850 meters apart. Occasionally there are additional paths exactly in between. In the east the forest is limited in places by the federal highway 11 Munich – Wolfratshausen.
The total area of the state forest districts is around 3,900 hectares .
In the past, the Forstenrieder Park area extended as far as the Hirschgarten in the north, the Isar in the east and Lake Starnberg in the south. The places Buchendorf, Krailling , Planegg and Lochham were still forest areas at that time.
structure
In the community-free area Forstenrieder Park there are four state forest districts, which are numbered with ascending Roman numbers . They are also designated by field names because they are also hallways . They are in turn subdivided into divisions, which are only identified by ascending natural numbers and which correspond to parcels . The parcel numbers of the parcels in the land register are different from the department numbers. Most of the paths and cleared areas in the area are based on the boundaries of these parcels :
- State forest district XII Hirschwiese (in the east)
- State forest district XIII Spitzelsgräben (in the south)
- State forest district XV Heuberg (in the west)
- State forest district XVI Sauschütt (in the north)
The Forstenrieder Park has included these four districts since it was completely surveyed and re-marked in 1796, without the Pullach woods . By hiving off all private properties in 1803, Forstenrieder Park was essentially given its current size. The districts are separated from each other by the BAB 95 running in a northeast-southwest direction , which in this section follows the historic Chau Starsee from Starnberg to Munich , as well as by the Ludwigs- Raum , which runs roughly at right angles to it .
In the northeast, Forstenrieder Park has an enclave of around 910 m² in the city of Munich, where the Poseidon restaurant is located.
geology
In the last glacial period ( Würme Ice Age ), meltwater from the Isar-Loisach Glacier transported huge amounts of rounded gravel to the north, including to the Munich gravel plain , on which most of the park lies. In its northern part, the ice age gravel cover is on average 20 to 30 meters thick and rests on the groundwater-retaining, pre-ice age deposits of the upper freshwater molasse ( Flinz ). In the southern part, old moraines and loess-covered gravel from the penultimate Ice Age ( Rift Ice Age ) remained between the Worm Ice Age drainage channels. These areas are criss-crossed by valleys up to 5 kilometers long and up to 10 meters deep, with floating earth and periglacial gravel . B. the Ottertal.
history
14th to 18th century
In 1399 the Veste Baierbrunn was bought together with the forest by Duke Ludwig the Bearded . From this time on, Forstenrieder Park was the preferred hunting area of the Wittelsbachers and therefore enjoyed special protection for centuries. To exercise the Parforcejagd let Max Emanuel there starting on 1,687 lanes ( "Cleared"), paths and star places.
In the past, the forest stretched far beyond its present-day boundaries, as far as Fürstenried Castle , which Elector Max Emanuel had built as a hunting castle in the middle of the deer hunting park known at the time . The model for the entire complex was his Bouchefort Castle near Brussels . Fürstenried Castle was used to accommodate hunting parties, for banquets, parties and balls. His successor, Elector Karl Albrecht , had four more “Jagdlusthäuser” built in the park in 1733–35, the so-called yellow, blue, red and green houses. It was the time of the great par force hunts .
According to tradition, there was a great plague of wolves in Forstenrieder Park between 1640 and 1650 .
Yellow house
The yellow house was one of the hunting pleasure houses built from 1733 onwards. These were made of wood and were named after their paint finish. They served the court hunting party for food and probably also for overnight stays. The Yellow House, which was described by Johann Jakob Küchel on his trip through Munich, had a floor plan comparable to the Pagodenburg in Nymphenburger Park and was surrounded by eight pavilions. It was in the square that is now formed from Zyllnhard, Augusten, Preysing and the Spitzelbergweg. Today, this place is inconspicuously located in the middle of the forest, at that time one of the star-shaped paths (Carlsstern) led directly to the Fürstenrieder Castle . The Yellow House was demolished again in 1746, and there are no more relics of it.
19th century
On the occasion of Bavaria's appointment as a kingdom, a court hunt with Napoleon I took place in Forstenrieder Park on January 6, 1806 .
At the beginning of the 19th century, the use of the forest gradually changed. In 1810 there was the first forest management and place of the old hunting corridors the Cleared (for the sake of hunting in the woods carved paths) have been created. In the middle of the 19th century, the park under King Max II took place in the park, followed by a festive hunting table in Fürstenried. For these hunts, cloths and nets were raised on an area of around 60 days of work and the game was chased into it by night fires, beaters and dogs. The “hunters” then shot down the approaching game from a nearby grandstand. Because of their high cost, these hunts, during which around 100 red deer and fallow deer, 100 wild boars, 20 roebucks and countless hares and foxes fell, were abolished again.
A fence was erected in 1850 to protect against game damage . The western part of the park was fenced off again in 1919. However, since traffic accidents caused by deer crossing often occurred along the road between Munich and Starnberg, a new fence was later erected on both sides of this road.
The park has existed in its current form since 1853, when the Pullach private forests and the Buchendorfer municipal forest were spun off.
Between 1889 and 1892, nun caterpillars destroyed a considerable part of the trees in the east of the park. Around 550,000 cubic meters of wood had to be felled at the time. This area was then reforested.
20th century
For over 500 years, the Wittelsbachers had laid their roots in the forest, castles and the landscape. Shortly before the end of the monarchy, King Ludwig III. then the last Bavarian “Königshirsch”. A memorial column commemorates this event on October 7, 1918. The “Marterl for the King Deer” is now a bit hidden because it has already been stolen and the forestry office would like to avoid another process of this type.
The park was ravaged by forest fires in 1912, 1915, 1920, 1921 and 1926 , after having been more or less devastated by fires earlier, including in 1747 and 1815. Many of these fires were caused by carelessness. In modern times, the forest has been spared fires thanks to the improved infrastructure and the caution of its visitors.
The Hubertus shooting range was built in 1924 on the border with the Unterdill district of Forstenried and is still used regularly for shooting events today. In 1925, a power line was laid along the Ludwigsgeräumts in a south-east-north-west direction .
On August 11, 1932, the first National Socialist labor camp in Upper Bavaria was opened in Forstenrieder Park , and four years later it was named after Hermann Gmelin, a fatally injured NSDAP district leader (not to be confused with the Romanist Hermann Gmelin ). On the occasion of the 1936 Winter Olympics , the road from Munich to Starnberg was straightened and expanded. Since then it has been called Olympiastrasse .
Second World War
During the Second World War , extensive ammunition factories were to be built in Forstenrieder Park. However, this failed due to resistance from the city of Munich. Instead, the factories were built in the Wolfratshauser Forst near today's town of Geretsried . Towards the end of the war, about 400 hectares of forest were destroyed by bombs. The air raids on Munich were mostly carried out from the south over Lake Starnberg and Forstenrieder Park. The Nazis had a wooden bogus station with locomotives built at the southern end of the "high-voltage" clearing to pretend a worthwhile bomb target. Some pilots also got rid of the remaining bombs on their return flight after their attacks on Munich, since landing with the explosive load was considered an unnecessary risk. A number of fighter planes were shot down by the flak over Forstenrieder Park.
Targeted Allied air raids took place against the Höllriegelskreuth industrial area, including Linde , of which duds are still suspected to be relics in Forstenrieder Park. One of these duds was found in autumn 2010.
post war period
On September 25, 1963, Forstenrieder Park was designated as a landscape protection area together with the adjacent forest areas. The Friends of Forstenrieder Park, founded in 1965 and now has over 500 members, has been taking care of the interests and maintenance of the park in collaboration with the Munich State Forestry Office.
The motorway was built next to the country road between 1966 and 1969 and has since divided the area. In 1963, the wood chopper's house was demolished for this purpose , a house for lumbermen. The construction of the motorway also meant the end of the inn in the Forsthaus Oberdill, which has since been a police station.
Storms in the spring of 1990 ( Hurricane Wiebke ) caused great damage in Forstenrieder Park, as in large parts of Bavaria. In some parts, all of the older trees were knocked over. Since then, the state forest administration has been trying harder to give the forest a more resilient structure and to replace pure spruce cultures with mixed forests. This approach is also useful with regard to possible climate change , in which shallow-rooted spruce trees on gravel surfaces with only a small amount of humus can be more easily damaged during longer dry periods.
21st century
Autobahn-Südring
The Friends of the Forstenrieder Park protection community , together with the United Citizens' Initiative Southern Recreational Area Munich and individual politicians from different parties are committed to ensuring that Forstenrieder Park is not cut through by a second motorway. A gap closure of the motorway ring (A 99) in the south-western area around Munich, discussed in the 1970s but not implemented , is repeatedly proposed by interested parties in order to solve traffic problems on the middle ring and the northeast section of the A 99. This possibility was examined again from 2007 to 2010.
An interim report of the feasibility study came to the conclusion that only a slight relief effect on other sections of the A 99 was to be expected from this project. The middle ring, on the other hand, could benefit more depending on the variant. Three of the four proposed corridors for the route ran completely through the park. The opponents of the autobahn are convinced that it is unnecessary, there is talk of a waste of money and “destruction of one of the most beautiful natural areas” and that “at least 120,000 trees would be felled”. There are also significant concerns about the additional noise emissions and air pollution, drinking water protection, hunting and forest maintenance in Forstenrieder Park.
The results of the study were presented in May 2010. After that, the Südring is basically feasible. Most of the variants were discarded, but one route remained through Forstenrieder Park with connections to the A95 and the road from Neuried to Gauting im Forst Kasten . Tunnels are required for the populated areas in the Würm and Isar valleys, while the motorway in the forests would be planned above ground. The cost of the less than 20 kilometer long section was estimated at 1.2 billion euros. It would be over seven times more expensive than a conventional route built only above ground. In June 2010 it was decided that the ring closure should not be pushed further. This means that Forstenrieder Park will probably be spared an additional motorway with a cross , but the discussion flares up again and again with completely contrary arguments.
Incorporations
The neighboring cities of Munich and Starnberg as well as the municipalities of Gauting, Neuried, Schäftlarn and Pullach have raised the right to incorporate parts of the previously community-free forest from 2008 onwards . The course of the border is controversial between the municipalities. At the end of 2013, the city and district office of Munich applied for the process of integrating the Forstenrieder Park to be discontinued for the time being, as an agreement was not in sight.
Hubertus shooting range
In mid-2009 it became known that the Hubertus Association for Hunting and Sport Shooting e. V. , current user of the Hubertus shooting range, wants to expand and develop it into a "focus shooting range". Citizens' protest was formed against the expected significantly greater environmental pollution, which was expressed in 13,900 signatures from neighboring Munich districts and towns and led to the establishment of the Forstenrieder Park ohne Schießanlage e. V. led. Concessions were made. At the beginning of 2018, the Munich District Office approved the extension conversion subject to noise and nature conservation, safety and waste disposal requirements.
Flora and fauna
Animals
In addition to the forest animals such as fox , badger , raccoon , deer , polecat , wild rabbits and squirrels are in the wildlife park also deer , fallow deer and wild boars home. In contrast to the more than twice as large game park in the Ebersberger Forest east of Munich, there are no mouflon game in Forstenrieder Park .
A total of 56 bird species have been recorded in Forstenrieder Park, including gray woodpecker , green woodpecker , blackcap , red- backed killer and tree sparrow , but also some species on the Red List such as hawk , sparrowhawk , cuckoo , pygmy owl and rough-owl . The common toad is one of the amphibians native to the park .
Special insect species in the acorn garden are the wart-biter , the hardwood saber-hedge and the Russian beetle . In terms of butterflies, there are the blue-toothed hackle , the imperial coat , the large and brown-spotted mother-of-pearl butterfly , the chimney sweep , the large ox-eye , the small meadow bird , the chessboard , the map , the painted lady , the peacock butterfly , the small fox , the rust-colored thick-headed butterfly , to find the mourning cloak and the large and small butterfly . A species from the noble butterfly family that is threatened with extinction in Bavaria is the forest meadow bird , which was still observed in Forstenrieder Park at the end of the 20th century.
plants
In the 18th century, Forstenrieder Park mainly consisted of deciduous trees such as beech , oak , birch and hornbeam . From 1810 the meadows of the park were then reforested with elms , maples and ash trees , and from 1837 with spruce and Scots pine . Today the conifers shape the park, with the spruce dominating. Also Weymouth pine and larch find their place in the park.
One of the special sights of Forstenrieder Park is a 400 to 500 year old oak tree on Römerstraße with a trunk circumference of 4.5 meters. There is also a beech tree with a circumference of 4 meters in the park.
Among the flowers, the arnica should be mentioned, which is located in the acorn garden. In this area you can also find the large meadow button , panicle and grape grass lily .
use
Forstenrieder Park is used in a variety of ways. The importance of the forest areas around Munich for the regional climate, air quality and groundwater is given high priority today. That is why they are mostly declared to be Bannwald . This forest area is also one of them.
Recreation area
Forstenrieder Park is an important local recreation area for Munich . There are 43 kilometers of hiking and biking trails, some of them paved, as well as extensive bridle paths. There are opportunities for sports such as running , cycling , horse riding , inline skating and, in winter, cross-country skiing . There is also a playground , an educational forest trail and a fitness trail . The RadlRing München , a cycle path around the city, crosses in an east-west direction.
On the one hand, the area is easy to reach by public transport ( e.g. Buchenhain S-Bahn station ), on the other hand, there are sufficient parking spaces for drivers at the forest edges near Munich, Pullach and Baierbrunn and along Starnberger Landstrasse.
wildlife Park
The Forstenried Wildlife Park is a 2067 hectare fenced forest area in the Forstenried Park. It extends a little over half of the entire area and is located between the autobahn and federal highway 11. There are two designated “wilderness areas”. These were set up in 2004 and may not be entered. One of them is 376 hectares and is located southeast of the motorway between this and the Karolinengeräum and southwest of the Ludwigsgeräum. The other, with an area of 197 hectares, is located in the southwestern part of the wildlife park on the border with the Starnberg districts of Oberdill and Schorn . At the edge of each of these areas, which are intended in particular as retreat areas for fallow deer and red deer , there is a designated point for observing the game .
Red deer and fallow deer can be observed especially in the winter months during the show feeding west of the intersection of Ludwigs- and Karolinengeräum, while the opportunity to see wild boars is more frequent. As a rule, the animals pose no danger, but collisions between cyclists and wild boars have been reported. The canines of male wild boars also pose a potential danger , particularly when attempting to feed the animals, which is otherwise prohibited.
Events
The many activities of the Friends of Forstenrieder Park eV include helping to organize the Forstenried village festival and the annual Hubertus fair.
The association Wir Sollner eV has been organizing the annual Sollner Wildsau Festival since 1997 .
Twice a year, the Corona equestrian club in Sollner holds a hunt in the park.
Usually once a year the parish of Heilig Kreuz celebrates a forest fair on the Kreuzbichl church service area . The clearing was inaugurated in 1979 for this purpose and is located to the left of the path towards Warnberg , shortly after it branches off from Neuhauser Weg south of Unterdill. For the cross and the altar erected there for masses, a small elevation was raised in 1993.
Drinking water supply and storage
Deep well
The municipality of Pullach gets its drinking water from two deep wells in Forstenrieder Park. Due to the high quality of the water, it can be passed on to consumers untreated.
To promote drinking water for the drinking water supply of the city of Munich and its suburbs, three wells were built between 1961 and 1969 (two vertical and one horizontal filter well ). The total delivery rate is a maximum of 7,000,000 m³ per year.
High zone tank
In the southeast of the area on the border with Buchenhain is the Forstenrieder Park elevated reservoir , which was built between 1964 and 1966 and in which pure, untreated spring water from the Mangfall and Loisach valleys and some of the locally extracted water are temporarily stored. In this way, fluctuations in consumption caused by the time of day can be compensated. The fenced-in area, which is not part of the state forest, covers 23 hectares and is secured by numerous alarm systems. The underground storage structure measures around 115 × 108 meters and has two chambers with a total capacity of 130,000 m³. Together with another container in Kreuzpullach , this supplies the so-called high zone of Munich. So that the water pressure can be kept almost the same throughout the city, it is divided into three zones.
The incoming water from the Loisachtal in Oberau because of the slope has much momentum that it needs to be removed prior to introduction into the elevated tank. This takes place in a distribution structure, where it is passed through a turbine . In this way, the water is “calmed” and electrical energy is generated.
Park visitors are not permitted to enter the site, but Stadtwerke München regularly offers tours for school classes, companies or private individuals.
hunt
While before the beginning of the 16th century farmers could hunt freely , from then until 1848 it was reserved exclusively for the estates . The farmers could only use the forest meadows for their cattle. After 1848, farmers with a certain amount of property were able to regain hunting rights.
The importance of hunting has changed over time. Today it mainly serves to ensure a balanced relationship between game and forest. On the one hand, the forest should grow up to be rich in species, but on the other hand it should also serve its numerous visitors for relaxation and invite nature lovers to observe wild animals, for which purpose special observation points have been set up. In order for the hunt to ensure a species-appropriate game population, precise regulations must be observed and a hunting concept drawn up.
The number of animals to be killed is calculated from the constantly fluctuating increase. In 1988 the city council decided that the total number of red deer and fallow deer should not exceed 1.5 per 100 hectares (a total of 30).
For hunters, the Forstenrieder Park still offers an opportunity to hunt hoofed game.
Logging
The logging in the State Forest Forstenrieder Park is in the order of 30,000 solid meters per year.
Gravel mining
There are two gravel pits for own use of gravel for building and maintaining forest roads . Another pit at the Karolinen cleared has not been used for decades and is now overgrown with grass and trees. A larger gravel pit, which is commercially exploited, can be found in the forest box .
Energy generation
On the edge of the park on the border with Pullach , a deep borehole was carried out in 2011, followed by the construction of a geothermal system. The capacity of the previously existing Pullach geothermal system could thus be expanded.
In the course of the decision to phase out nuclear power in Germany in the summer of 2011 and the associated energy transition , the Bavarian state forests were also discussed as potential locations for wind turbines . A study on this was commissioned by the municipality of Pullach in 2012. The Munich Forestry Office is rather critical of such plans.
Worth seeing and special features
Acorn garden
The Eichelgarten is an approximately eight hectare forest pasture with old oaks on the Roman road between the motorway and Buchendorf. It gives an idea of how large parts of Forstenrieder Park looked in the 16th and 17th centuries. At that time farmers were allowed to drive their cattle into the woods and let them graze there. The area of these hat forests was up to a hundred times larger than that of today's acorn garden. As the forest continued to decline due to grazing, there was increased reforestation with spruce at the beginning of the 19th century .
Today the acorn garden is the habitat of rare species. Because of the special importance of this area for the Forstenrieder Park, a special care concept was developed for it. Within the framework of European nature conservation legislation, 18 hectares of this area are designated as FFH areas.
Buildings and monuments
Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap
On the edge of the Forstenrieder Park there are several forest services and forest houses. A police station has been set up in the Oberdill forester's lodge at the southwestern entrance to the forest. The listed forester's house Forstenried , in which the responsible forestry office in Munich is located, is located outside the park in the center of Forstenried. Further offices of the forest administration are located on the city limits of Munich in Unterdill and Maxhof. After Forsthaus Oberdill lost its function in 1964, such a building was built in Baierbrunn . The forestry department moved there in 1965.
In the Yellow House , a service hut built in 1842 at the intersection of Ludwigs- and Karolinen, not to be confused with the Jagdlusthaus built in 1734, there are murals by Friedrich Anton Wyttenbach . This thanked him for invitations to the hunt. At this intersection in the center of the wildlife park, near one of the two wildlife observation points and a feeding stalls, there are roofed information boards from the forestry office on the history of the park, a fountain, a forest cross and the brotherhoods . Forester Goebel planted these two oaks in memory of his two sons who died in the First World War. The memorial stone in between indicates their fate.
The so-called Hexenhäusl at the intersection of Ludwigs- and Elisengeräum is a workers' accommodation hut, which is said to have been used by ghosts. However, the legend on which this goes back has not been passed down.
Another special feature is the Roman road , built around 50 AD , which once led through the area of the park on its way from Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg) to Juvavum (Salzburg) and now appears in part as a forest road. On both sides of the road there are material pits from which the building material was removed at the time. King Max II had a memorial stone erected at the intersection of the street with Wolfratshauser Straße and Starnberger Landstraße , which indicates the origin of this path. The stone on the road to Starnberg stood in the median of the motorway until 1979 and was then placed to the west of it.
At fifteen places in the forest there are still old barrows . While such graves were in danger of being leveled in the course of agricultural work, they were preserved within the forest and bear witness to the Bronze Age and Hallstatt Age settlement of the area between the Würm and Isar valleys. In total, at least 73 prehistoric burial mounds are recorded as archaeological landmarks.
At the time of the court hunt, there were repeated clashes between hunters and poachers, with fatalities on both sides, which is still remembered by some memorial plaques along the paths. The Green Torture is one such memorial column that, according to tradition, was erected in memory of a hunter who was shot. It was first mentioned in 1701 and was renewed in 1772. After the picture with the inscription had become very unsightly and the writing could no longer be read, it was nailed over in 2000 by a sheet of metal painted with the same motif using simple means. The establishment of the wildlife protection zones, which should not be entered, caused the Marterl to be relocated around 300 meters eastwards. Another reason given was that it was easier to find by hikers. Probably during the implementation, the oak column was sawed off, which was then fastened with a metal bracket with a concrete foundation. Today it stands directly at the Karolinenger premises a little over a kilometer southwest of the Yellow House service hut . The picture on it shows Mary and Mary Magdalene next to the crucified Christ. In 2010, however, the inscription on the board was no longer recognizable. It was originally:
This Daffel is engaged to the respected Franz Jägerhuber chrfstl. District forester. in 1772.
Give Jesus your blessing
that we will repent true repentance
from the dead
and live with you forever.
additional
The roller paints on Linck Vacated between Max Joseph and Karl Vacated, formerly with Sauschutt called, is a potions from the 19th century for the game. There is also a well with drinking water there. Since the over a hundred years old, approx. 5 km long water pipeline leading from Großhesselohe via Warnberg recently showed a loss of more than 90%, it was shut down. Therefore, the fountain was out of order from summer 2010 and the back varnish was only sparsely or not at all filled with water. In the meantime (as of summer 2014) Achterlacke and fountains are back in operation. There is a forest playground opposite.
The royal forest ranger and park master Heller planted a group of trees in the form of the letters L and M near the Achterlacke. These are the first letters of the names of kings Ludwig I and Max II , in whose honor he carried out this planting on the forest meadow at that time. The letters of the royal oak group are around 80 meters tall and can still be seen from the air, despite the fact that they have been reforested.
Since April 25, 1990, it has been possible to view 26 trees of different predominantly native species in the same place in a section of the Karolinen clearing. At that time, the association Schutzgemeinschaft Freunde des Forstenrieder Park planted a row of trees there and called it the Allee der Freundinnen und Freunde des Forstenrieder Park . One specimen of each of the following species can be seen: English oak , hornbeam , winter linden , rowan , sycamore maple , snow birch , red beech , robinia , red oak , horse chestnut , whitebeam , sycamore elm , sour cherry , ash , white elm , black walnut , field maple , bird cherry , wild apple , norway maple , wild pear , White poplar , plum , birch , aspen and tulip tree .
literature
- Alfred Hutterer: At the fountain of the Baiern. Self-published, Baierbrunn 1985. Here: “Der Forstenrieder Park”, pp. 239–286.
- U. Ammer, M. Weidenbach, M. Beer, YH. Hwang: Landscape and recreational planning development study for the wildlife parks in the Ebersberger Forest and in Forstenrieder Park, 1999 ( link to the report ).
- Volland Jaques A .: The Forstenrieder Park - From the hunting party to the recreation area . Ed .: Friends of Forstenrieder Parks eV MünchenVerlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-937090-61-0 .
- Franz Xaver Kriegelsteiner: The Forstenrieder Park through the ages. A contribution to local history research written for nature lovers. Munich 1940, reprint 1987.
- Hermann Sand (ed.): The Forstenrieder Park (= Forstenrieder / Fürstenrieder Hefte, Booklet 2). Publishing house inma Marketing GmbH, Munich 1996.
- Rainer List, Georg Maier, Jörg Schuchardt: Water extraction, transport and storage - a journey through time. In: Christian Ude (Ed.): Sources for Munich. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 3-446-41457-6 .
- Werner Loibl : Wittelsbacher Hunt. Catalog for the special show in the German Hunting Museum. Munich 1980.
Web links
- Location of the community-free area in OpenStreetMap (accessed on November 19, 2017)
- Wildlife Park near Munich: Forstenrieder Park. Bayerische Staatsforsten AöR, accessed on October 29, 2017 .
References
- ↑ The Forstenrieder Park in the Bavaria Atlas
- ↑ Alfred Hutterer: At the fountain of the Baiern. Self-published, Baierbrunn 1985. Here: “Siedlung Buchenhain”, p. 240.
- ↑ Historical land map in the BayernAtlas
- ↑ Franz Xaver Kriegelsteiner: The Forstenrieder Park through the ages. A contribution to local history research written for nature lovers . Munich 1939, p. 112 .
- ↑ Friends of Forstenrieder Park eV (ed.): Der Forstenrieder Park - From Hunting Society to Recreational Area , Munich Publishing House, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-937090-61-0 , p. 108.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.iep-pullach.de/cms/index.php?idcatside=3&nid=108
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from November 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Eleven route variants for the debate , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of June 15, 2009
- ^ Autobahn A 99, Munich ring road - southern section / feasibility study. Autobahn Directorate South Bavaria, November 2010, accessed on April 26, 2020 .
- ^ City benefits from Südring-Autobahn , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of April 30, 2009
- ^ The horror of the south , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of July 28, 2009
- ↑ It's only possible underground , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of May 18, 2010
- ↑ The project is buried - the problems remain, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of June 17, 2010
- ↑ Andreas von Delhaes-Guenther: Autobahn: “Südring must come”. Bayernkurier, March 30, 2019, accessed April 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Jürgen Wolfram: Autobahn-Südring: traffic policy next to the track. Süddeutsche Zeitung SZ.de, November 6, 2019, accessed on April 26, 2020 .
- ^ Dispute over Forstenrieder Park. (No longer available online.) Radio station 106.4 TOP FM, Fürstenfeldbruck, December 12, 2013, archived from the original on February 21, 2014 ; accessed on February 11, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Minutes of the 69th meeting of the municipal council on November 21, 2013 from 7:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. in the Gauting Town Hall, large conference room. (No longer available online.) Gauting community, November 21, 2013, archived from the original on February 22, 2014 ; accessed on February 17, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Citizens' initiative "Forstenrieder Park without shooting range eV"
- ↑ Jürgen Wolfram: The big bang did not materialize. In: www.sueddeutsche.de. January 10, 2018, accessed February 18, 2018 .
- ↑ www.lbv-muenchen.de/Arbeitskreise/Biotope/biotop.beschreib/forstenrieder.park.htm ( Memento from June 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ www.lbv-muenchen.de/Arbeitskreise/Schmetterlinge/jahres.beobacht/eichelgarten.htm ( Memento from January 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ File: Eichelgarten_GO-5.jpg
- ^ Friends of the Forstenrieder Park eV (ed.): The Forstenrieder Park - From the hunting party to the recreation area. MünchenVerlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-937090-61-0 , p. 116.
- ↑ http://www.tagschmetterlinge.de/html/tagfalter/edelfalter/hero_coenonympha.htm
- ↑ http://www.regierung.oberbayern.bayern.de/imperia/md/content/regob/internet/dokumente/bereich5/lek14/dvd-pdf/LEK14_Text.pdf
- ↑ http://www.baysf.de/de/home/erlebnis_wald/freizeit_und_erammlung/ausflugswissenschaften/wildparkforstenrieder_park_bei_muenchen.html
- ↑ Right of way for game and forest. In: sueddeutsche.de. February 25, 2013, accessed April 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Rainer List, Georg Maier, Jörg Schuchardt: Water extraction, transport and storage - a journey through time. In: Christian Ude (Ed.): Sources for Munich. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 3-446-41457-6 , p. 83.
- ↑ Inquiry at the forestry office
- ↑ http://www.iep-pullach.de/cms/index.php?idcatside=3&nid=109
- ↑ http://www.agenda21-pullach.de/sites/default/files/protocol/Energie/AK%20Treffen%2012.10.24.pdf
- ↑ Wind turbine in Forstenrieder Park? ( Memento from November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) merkur.online from June 14, 2012
- ↑ http://www.pan-gmbh.com/dienste/eichelg.html ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Michael Petzet (Ed.): Upper Bavaria . In: Monuments in Bavaria . Vol. I.2, Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1986. ISBN 3-486-52392-9
- ↑ https://www.merkur.de/lokales/regionen/ruhezonen-rotwild-239924.html
- ↑ Course of the old water pipeline to Sauschütt in position sheets 713 and 714, around 1860
- ^ Hermann Sand (ed.): Der Forstenrieder Park , Forstenrieder / Fürstenrieder Hefte, Issue 2, Verlag inma Marketing GmbH, Munich 1996, p. 3.
Cities and municipalities: Aschheim | Aying | Baierbrunn | Brunnthal | Feldkirchen | Garching near Munich | Graefelfing | Grasbrunn | Grünwald | Hair | Hohenbrunn | Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn | Ismaning | Kirchheim near Munich | Neubiberg | Neuried | Oberhaching | Oberschleissheim | Ottobrunn | Planegg | Pullach im Isar Valley | Putzbrunn | Sauerlach | Schäftlarn | Straßlach-Dingharting | Taufkirchen | Unterföhring | Unterhaching | Unterschleissheim
Unregulated areas: Forstenrieder Park | Grünwalder Forest | Perlacher Forest
Coordinates: 48 ° 2 ′ 49 ″ N , 11 ° 27 ′ 40 ″ E