Elevated tank
The elevated tank is a water storage reservoir for the water supply for drinking water and industrial water ( irrigation , energy generation , process technology ), which feeds the water into the water supply system by gravity. Elevated tanks can even be designed as a building in the form of a water tower with a tank or as a roof storage on a building or as a structure on slopes, hills and mountains, as a free-standing tank , covered basin, underground cistern or as a free storage lake .
Structural and constructive matters
An elevated tank consists of a water storage area and an area for the system technology (measurement, control and regulation technology, valve chamber with pipelines for operational filling, emptying and residual emptying, sampling points, possibly emergency power supply). The water is stored in tanks or chambers.
As a rule, water tanks can also be completely taken out of service; the water path is routed past the tank by means of control fittings (slides, valves or flaps). Water tanks are mostly built as two-chamber tanks. In this way, in the event of maintenance (cleaning, repair), a chamber can be taken out of service without the entire system failing.
Functional
An elevated storage facility generally has to be filled with a pumping station . A high spring catchment or a natural lake with sufficient drinking water quality serves both for water extraction and as an elevated tank. Water reserves that are far away can also be used as high-level reservoirs, for example the 1st and 2nd Viennese spring water pipelines .
Elevated tanks fulfill various functions as buffer storage in the water network, they can
- Store water, for example to cover peak loads or to bridge downtimes, keeping a drinking or extinguishing water reserve ready,
- reduce or ensure and limit the water pressure in pipe network systems,
- relieve the water network in the event of pressure surges and
- serve as storage tanks for pressure boosting systems.
Shapes according to construction and function
Be differentiated
- Elevated tank
- Deep tank
- Flow tanks and
- Counter container
Elevated storage tank of a water tower ( Raleigh, North Carolina , 1887)
A meanwhile abandoned elevated tank of a waterworks
Elevated tanks on a former water storage tank for steam locomotives
High storage lake of a pumped storage power plant ( Rönkhausen )
EnBW AG elevated water tank in Stuttgart-Hasenberg
Elevated water tank in Rennerod
Others
The structural system of an elevated tank can still be used after its original use in the form of an extinguishing water tank for fire protection purposes.
literature
- Lutz Rieck: Die Rote Hefte, Heft 27a - The extinguishing water supply, Part I The collective water supply . 4th edition. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-17-015011-1 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Franz-Josef Sehr : Not standardized - nevertheless good, elevated tank as an extinguishing water reservoir . In: Florian Hessen 3/1988 . Munkelt Verlag, Wiesbaden 1988, p. 32-33 . ISSN 0936-5370 .