Graefelfing

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Graefelfing
Graefelfing
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Graefelfing highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '  N , 11 ° 26'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Munich
Height : 550 m above sea level NHN
Area : 9.57 km 2
Residents: 13,766 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 1438 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 82166
Area code : 089
License plate : M , AIB , WOR
Community key : 09 1 84 120
LOCODE : DE GRF
Community structure: 2 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Ruffiniallee 2
82166 Graefelfing
Website : www.graefelfing.de
Mayor : Peter Köstler ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Graefelfing in the district of Munich
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About this picture
The old St. Stephanus church in Graefelfing
Interior of Alt St. Stephanus

Graefelfing is a municipality and a town in the Upper Bavarian district of Munich on the western outskirts of the Bavarian capital, Munich .

geography

Graefelfing is located in the Würmtal shortly before they enter the Munich city ​​area. The greater part of the village is to the left (west) of the river. The Munich districts of Neuaubing and Pasing are seamlessly connected to the north, while the Munich district of Hadern is a short distance to the east . Graefelfing has now also grown together with the neighboring community of Planegg to the south .

Community structure

For the community of Graefelfing, the two officially named districts of Graefelfing and Lochham are identified. Lochham is essentially north of the A 96 , while the municipality capital Graefelfing is south of it.

history

According to settlement traces from the Bronze, Roman and Merovingian times, the first documentary mention of "Grefolvingas" goes back to the year 763 AD, on the occasion of a donation to the Scharnitz monastery . The name refers to a Bavarian clan settlement - there are hypotheses that suggest a clan father named "Gra (u) wolf". Lochham is first mentioned in the 13th century. The name most likely goes back to "Lohe", which at that time referred to a light mixed forest . The seat of the lords of the Hofmark Seeholzen Castle was on the Würm , at the very same place where the St. Gisela retirement home now stands.

For centuries, Graefelfing and Lochham were small villages on the Würm. The barren soil did not allow for great wealth, and the few farms were under various manors. The first Bavarian tax register in 1809 listed 32 farms in Graefelfing and 18 in Lochham, most of which were destroyed by fire in 1876. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did the towns boom: Excursion restaurants and villa colonies along the new railway line to Lake Starnberg and a factory district on the Würm brought numerous new residents to the villages. In the course of the administrative reforms in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1818, Graefelfing became an independent political municipality to which the village of Lochham also belonged.

Construction planning came to a standstill as a result of the war, but the population increased explosively due to bombings from Munich, refugees and resettlers , which made the procurement of housing a problem and a priority after the end of the war. Mayor Paul Diehl and City Council Winter were able to provide the first apartments from 1948 with the exemplary financing model of the housing cooperative. Although the principle of villa development had to be abandoned for cost reasons through the construction of larger apartment blocks, the ideal of the " garden city ", which has been cultivated for decades, was retained . The population rose sharply until around the year 1968 it leveled off at around 13,000. This development was taken into account by a real “construction boom”: In 1955, in addition to the Gräfelfinger elementary school in Lochham, built in 1909, a school site with elementary and secondary schools as well as high school was built. In 1968 the new town hall followed. In 1965 and 1986 old people's homes were added in Graefelfing and Lochham, and in 1984 the community center on Bahnhofsplatz, where the center of the village had moved from the Würm over the years. In addition to the late Gothic church of St. Stefan, a new parish church had already appeared on Bahnhofstrasse in 1934, but in 1971 it had to give way to a new building.

Art installation at the Graefelfing town hall (May 1992)

Right from the start, the towns, which were united to form a political municipality, tried to maintain their character of a “garden city” despite their growth - with loose buildings and spacious gardens. The population has leveled off over the years at around 13,000. During the 30-year continuous term of office of Mayor Eberhard Reichert and his Vice-President Josef Schmid from 1972, the municipality shifted the focus of its activities to the expansion of the infrastructure and the promotion of cultural life. This is still characterized today by art exhibitions in the town hall, the two-year culture festival in Paul-Diehl-Park, street and wine festival as well as cultural events in the community center. Famous personalities live and lived in Graefelfing. And the garden city also often served as a backdrop for filming: from 1987 to 1993, for example, the series “ The Happy Family ” with Maria Schell and Siegfried Rauch was filmed in Graefelfing. The series is about the Behringer family living in Graefelfing, a typical middle-class family of the late 1980s.

Graefelfing is located on the outskirts of the state capital Munich and is advertised as being at the “gateway to the five-lake region”. There are two S-Bahn stations and connections to the A96 and A99 motorways. Research centers of the Max Planck Society and the LMU Munich are in the immediate vicinity.

The trade tax multiplier is a constant 250%

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the municipality grew from 12,853 to 13,939 by 1,086 inhabitants or 8.5% - the smallest percentage increase in the district in the period mentioned.

year Gräfelfing community Graefelfing Lochham
1871 289 205 84
1900 465 351 114
1925 1,663 1,378 285
1935 3,512
1950 9,632 6,069 3,563
1961 11,808 8,064 3,744
1970 12,781
1973 13,149
1995 13,308
1999 13,109
2005 13.001
2010 12,870
2015 13,596
2020 14,431

The two districts of Graefelfing and Lochham now form a closed settlement. Therefore, no separate population figures have been determined since the 1970 census.

politics

Town hall of the municipality of Graefelfing

mayor

  1. Mayor: Peter Köstler (CSU)
  2. Mayor: Wolfgang Balk (IGG)
  3. Mayor: Martin Feldner (Green / Independent List)

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 24 members. For the 2020–2026 electoral period, it is composed as follows:

coat of arms

Graefelfing coat of arms
 Blazon : “Divided by a blue wavy bar of gold and silver; above a red crown of leaves, below a stylized red beech with seven leaves. "

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

In a study from 2005 on the volume of purchasing power in Germany, Graefelfing took 5th place with an average of 30,072 euros per capita purchasing power.

traffic

The connection to the Munich S-Bahn network is guaranteed by the two stops Lochham and Graefelfing on the S 6 line. The bus lines 160 (Allach - Blutenburg - Pasing - Lochham - Grosshadern - Forest Cemetery ), 258 (Gräfelfing - Planegg - Lochham - awareness Meier settlement), 259 (Pasing - Gräfelfing, Am Haag - Martinsried ), 265 (Pasing - Lochham - Planegg) 267 (Altenburgstr. - Lochham - Fürstenried West (U)) and 268 (Gräfelfing - Waldfriedhof ) drive to or through Graefelfing. Graefelfing can also be easily reached via the motorway via its own junction on the A 96 or the nearby A 99 . (As of 2018)

Public facilities

  • Community center
  • Volunteer firefighter
  • library
  • Works and recycling center
  • Community archive
  • Municipal building GmbH

Educational institutions

Buildings

Source: Gräfelfing municipal archive

Old St. Stephen

A Romanesque church in Graefelfing has been known since 1315 at the latest, which stood on the site of today's church. In the late Gothic period (approx. 1480–1505) the sanctuary of St. Stephen was expanded to a polygonal choir and today's saddle tower was added. From 1656 onwards there were several baroque renovations that are still visible today. The installation of the high altar between 1689 and 1717, created by the Schongau sculptor Johann Pöllandt, was particularly important .

St. John Baptist

The church building is located on the Würm and served as the parish baptistery. In 1955 the Gothic building was significantly enlarged and rebuilt, especially for the repatriates from Silesia and the Sudetenland who lived on Am Anger. The old nave was converted into a transept and the nave and choir with modern glass windows by Max Wendel were added.

Villas in Graefelfing

The former Graefelfing villa colonies, which were founded in Graefelfing at the beginning of the last century, still shape the townscape today. But beyond that, the so-called “garden city” is architecturally very diverse and is defined by its different architectural styles. Strict, uniform design guidelines - as they are in part in other Upper Bavarian communities - are deliberately not specified. In addition to numerous ensembles that are worth preserving, modern buildings also open up a desired arc of tension. Well-known and renowned architects have given the Graefelfingen townscape their signature. In the 1930s, for example , Sep Ruf designed some residential buildings in Graefelfing and Lochham.

Graefelfing cemetery

A notable architectural example is the old part of the Graefelfinger Friedhof, which dates back to 1913. It is a listed building. Many well-known personalities rest on him. It was designed by the director of the Munich School of Applied Arts Richard Riemerschmid . The famous Art Nouveau architect designed a system for Graefelfing based on the decorative ideas of Art Nouveau: loose groups of trees, hedges in the form of patterns and ornaments, soft flowing, natural transitions between graves and paths as well as a carefully coordinated, harmonious arrangement of lying and standing gravestones. Following the example of the Munich forest cemetery, the dead were supposed to return “gently into the lap of nature”. The funeral hall was also part of the Art Nouveau concept: its rotunda is crowned by a dome that can be seen from afar and greets the town. The creator of the cemetery died in Munich in 1957 and, at his own request, was also buried in “his” forest cemetery in Graefelfing. In the vicinity of the cemetery, a bronze sculpture commemorates the death march of 6,887 concentration camp inmates , which led through the Würmtal and Graefelfing on April 26, 1945. Eight identical monuments have been placed at the other stops on the route.

Soil monuments

See: List of ground monuments in Graefelfing

Recreation areas

Paul Diehl Park (1992)
Flower meadow at the Kirchenanger in Lochham
  • The Kreuzlinger Forst borders the western edge of the village (from BAB 96 in the north to Pentenried (near Gauting ) in the south).
  • On the eastern edge is the Lochhamer Schlag , a remnant of the large forest belt between the Würmtal and Hadern / Laim. For several years there has been a simple wooden chapel in it .
  • The Paul-Diehl-Park , which is located on the Würm and east of the northern part of Lochham and fulfills a local recreational function, is the continuation of the Pasinger Stadtpark , which is designated as a landscape protection area.
  • On the Würm between the old town centers of Graefelfing and Lochham there is a park-like green area that is used for leisure activities, especially in summer.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Josef Geiger (1833–1912), member of the state parliament and Kgl. Higher regional judge
  • Simon Spitzlberger († 1918), dean and pastor 1887–1918
  • Josef Huber , Mayor 1916–1933
  • Josef Weinbuch , founder of the site for the St. Gisela retirement home
  • Rudolf von Hirsch (1875–1975), lord of the castle of Planegg
  • Paul Diehl (1886–1976), mayor 1948–1960
  • Sigi Segl (1921–2000), local poet, teacher and 3rd mayor from 1978
  • Johann Winter , board member of the housing cooperative Am Anger
  • Eberhard Reichert (* 1942), mayor 1972–2002
  • Josef Schmid (1936–2016), 2nd Mayor 1972–2002

Born in Graefelfing

Associated with Graefelfing

Trivia

In 1912 an Esperanto town called Parkurbo was planned in the municipality , but never realized.

literature

  • Municipality of Graefelfing (ed.): Graefelfing , 1979
  • Siegfried Segl: Graefelfing - From the farming village to the garden city in the Würmtal , Munich: Hugendubel Verlag 1984, ISBN 3-88034-249-0
  • Municipality of Graefelfing (ed.): Graefelfing in transition. Village - villa colony - "garden city" , Horb am Neckar: Geiger Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-86595-238-7
  • Heike Werner: Architecture excursions from Munich: Würmtal & Umgebung , Munich, 2011, ISBN 978-3-9809471-4-5
  • Heinz Dittrich: Höfe in Graefelfing , municipality Graefelfing, 2011
  • Municipality of Graefelfing (Ed.): My Graefelfing - local history in reports from contemporary witnesses and community files, Graefelfing 2013
  • Friederike Tschochner: Villas in Graefelfing , municipality of Graefelfing 2013

Web links

Commons : Graefelfing  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Gräfelfing community in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 9, 2019.
  3. ^ Annette Jäger: Distance green and swamp area. Unlike Munich, the municipality of Gräfelfing attaches great importance to its garden city character with detached houses on large plots. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung of September 1, 2017, Munich edition, p. R 8.
  4. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 210 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 216-217 ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 227 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 223 ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 164 ( digitized version ).
  9. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 40 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ Peter Köstler, 1st Mayor. Gräfelfing municipality, accessed on August 2, 2020 .
  11. ^ Result of municipal council elections 2014 ( Memento from March 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  12. ↑ entry to the insignia of Gräfelfing  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  13. ↑ Home. In: www.mvv-muenchen.de. Retrieved December 10, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 143
  15. ↑ http://www.natur-5seenland.de/wald/kreuzling/kreuzling.forst.htm
  16. ↑ https://www.merkur.de/lokales/wuermtal/graefelfing/johann-huber-ich-leib-seele-graefelfinger-1140695.html
  17. ↑ Mercury : Esperanto: The World City That Never Was (June 15, 2012) Retrieved July 20, 2017.