Johann Pöllandt
Johann Pöllandt (* around 1630; † March 1721 in Schongau ) was a German sculptor . He was also mayor of Schongau for at least 16 years .
Life
Johann Pöllandt came from Rottenbuch . The year 1632 is used as the ante quem term for his birth, since Rottenbuch's baptismal registers received from this year onwards do not contain an entry on his baptism. The earlier volumes of these registers apparently fell victim to the Thirty Years' War . It is also known that Pöllandt was at least 90 years old. So you can count on a year of birth around 1630.
It is not known from whom he received his training. The sculptor Mathias Müller from Schongau, who still has a baroque nativity scene in Pfaffenhausen , comes into question . But David Degler from Weilheim could also have been Pöllandt's teacher.
On August 8, 1667 he married Maria Feuchtmayer (or Feichtmayer), b. Schmuzer. This made him the son-in-law of Matthäus Schmuzer , brother-in-law of the artists Johann , Mathias and Michael Schmuzer as well as Catharina Schmuzer, who a few years later married the painter Bartholomäus Bernhardt . He also became a stepfather several times through this marriage. Maria Feuchtmayer brought a number of children from her first relationship into the marriage: in 1657 she married Michael Feuchtmayer, with whom she had had their son Franz Joseph in 1660 . When she was pregnant with the seventh child of her first husband, he died on March 17, 1666. His last son, born posthumously , later became the court painter Johann Michael Feuchtmayer to the prince-bishop of Constance . Through the connection with Maria Feuchtmayer, Pöllandt later also became the step-grandfather of Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer .
During the first years of the marriage between Maria Feuchtmayer and Johann Pöllandt, the three daughters Maria Elisabeth (* 1668), Priska (* 1669) and Maria Regina (* 1672) were born. The family lived in Wessobrunn at the time . In 1775 she moved to Schongau, where Pöllandt bought citizenship for the whole family and also a house: the Marienplatz 18 building cost him 550 guilders and the assurance that he would take a son of the previous owner, Hans Urban Mayr, as an apprentice free of charge. Pöllandt also did not pay part of the fee for citizenship, which totaled 50 guilders, in cash, but undertook to build a new fountain column including an image of the Virgin with the equivalent of 20 guilders.
In the decades that followed, Pöllandt bought or exchanged more land or real estate in Schongau. However, he kept the house on Marienplatz as the family residence and furnished it with, among other things, a Pietà in the gable of the building as well as a stucco ceiling and an oil painting on the ceiling. The building has been preserved in a modified state.
On July 14, 1677, their son Johann Ignaz was born in Schongau, possibly Pöllandt's youngest child; on July 1, 1717, his wife, who had died at the age of 85, was buried.
Pöllandt was mayor of Schongau from around 1700 to 1716. In this capacity he had to travel to General Graf von Arco in Landsberg on August 28, 1703 , where the issue was to raise troops, and in 1704 he came to Munich with a hussar escort to protect against enemies .
Works
The high altar of the Catholic parish church of St. Sylvester in Emmingen-Liptingen is one of Pöllandt's most important works . This altar once stood in the former Benedictine monastery in Amtenhausen , which Pöllandt's daughter Priska entered in 1686. Three years later, her younger sister Maria Regina Pöllandt also entered this monastery; she was elected abbess in 1727.
A total of almost thirty works by Pöllandt are archived, and numerous other works are attributed to him. Eva Christina Vollmer mentions, as typical features of Pöllandt figures, tall toes, splayed and theatrically gesticulating hands, whose thumbs become thicker at the nail level, high and broad foreheads with bumps at the base of the eyebrows, clearly elaborated cheek and chin bones, often slightly open mouths, in which the row of teeth can be seen, and robes that adapt to the very natural and varied movements of the figures and often have artistic knots and bowl folds.
Archival documented works
| year | place | Work (s) | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1659 | Schongau | Heiligkreuzkapelle: building projections and model for the stuccoing of the nave (not executed) | |
| 1669 | Andechs | Benedictine monastery church: sculptures in church corridors and two oratorios (not preserved) | |
| 1671/72 | Pfaffenhofen | City parish church of St. Johannes Baptist: Figures of the apostles and Mary | |
| 1674 | St. Coloman near Schwangau | Pilgrimage church of St. Coloman : high altar figures Rochus and Sebastian | |
| 1675 | Schongau | Marienplatz: fountain column and statue of Mary (not preserved) | |
| 1684/85 | Stötten am Auerberg | Parish church St. Peter and Paul : Nativity figures and altar for the St. Castulus chapel (not preserved) | |
| 1685 | Schongau | City parish church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary : repair of standing figures on the Holy Cross altar (not preserved) | |
| 1686 | Schongau | Heiligkreuzkapelle: high altar figures Maria and Johannes | |
| 1687 | Villingen | Former Reichsstift St. Georgen: Advisory role in the planning of the new church building | |
| 1688 | Emmingen from Egg-Liptingen | Parish church St. Silvester: high altar (originally Benedictine monastery church Amtenhausen) | |
| 1690 | Kinsau | Parish Church of St. Matthew: Matthäus (not preserved) | |
| 1690 | Apple village | Heiliggeistpfarrkirche: side altar (not preserved) | |
| 1690 | Schwabniederhofen | Parish Church of the Holy Cross: tabernacle (not preserved) | |
| 1690 | Schongau | Gumpersaul on a Galtbrunnen | |
| 1690/92 | Bertoldshofen | Chapel St. Rochus: stucco (not preserved) and crucifixion group with Maria and Johannes, Rochus (meanwhile in the parish church) | |
| around 1691 | Graefelfing | Parish church St. Stephan: high altar | |
| 1691/92 | Schongau | Heiligkreuzkapelle: stucco and apostle crosses (not preserved) | |
| 1696 | Schongau | Figures, pedestals and columns for three wells (not preserved), work on the tiled stove in the council chamber (not preserved) | |
| 1697 | Schongau | St. Sebastian cemetery chapel: high altar figures Benno, Rochus, Sebastian, two angels | |
| 1698 | Schongau | Heiliggeistspitalkirche St. Erasmus: Apostles cycle with Maria and Salvator (meanwhile in the parish church) | |
| 1700 | Kaufbeuren | City parish church St. Martin: high altar figures Konrad and Ulrich (not preserved) | |
| 1704 | Schongau | City parish church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary: Corpus Christi altar (not preserved) | |
| 1708 | Schongau | Lechtor: figure of Christ and four angels (not preserved) | |
| 1708/09 | Salem | former Cistercian imperial abbey: stucco work in the imperial hall (in collaboration with Franz Joseph Feuchtmayer) | |
| after 1708 | Mainwangen | Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul: entire figure decoration | |
| 1713/14 | Kinsau | Parish Church of St. Matthew: stucco and apostolic crosses | |
| 1716 | Kinsau | Parish Church of St. Matthew: 18 capitals for the choir stalls and two capitals for the sacristy portal |
Attributed works
| year | place | Work (s) | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| around 1659 | Klosterlechfeld | Pilgrimage church Maria Hilf : Apostle cycle | |
| 1660/70 | Peiting | Maria Egg pilgrimage church: cycle of apostles, pulpit figures, two putti with a crucifixion group | |
| around 1670/75 | Uttenhofen | Church of St. Sebastian: Pietà | |
| around 1670/80 | Nuremberg | Germanisches Nationalmuseum : Crucifixion group | |
| around 1675/76 | Ilgen | Pilgrimage Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary: Roof angel on the high altar | |
| around 1675 | Auerberg | Church of St. George: group of figures with the dragon fight of St. George | |
| around 1675 | Schongau | Marienplatz 18: Pietà in the gable and stucco ceiling on the 1st floor | |
| around 1675/80 | Trauchgau | Parish Church of St. Andreas: Sebastian and Andreas | |
| around 1680 | On the mountain | Parish Church of the Visitation: High altar figures Katharina and Barbara, Sebastian | |
| around 1680 | Remnatsried | Parish church of St. Thomas and Afra: high altar figures Joseph and Ignatius (?), Pope and Bishop (workshop work), Johannes Evangelista | |
| around 1680 | Peiting | Parish church St. Michael: side altar figures Andreas, Jakobus, Barbara, Katharina | |
| around 1680/81 | Burggen | Parish Church of St. Stephan : Stephen figure in the high altar | |
| around 1680/81 | Burggen | Filial church St. Anna: Magnus figure in the left side altar (workshop work) | |
| around 1682 | Leuterschess | Pilgrimage Church of St. Magnus: high altar figures Columban and Gallus | |
| around 1682/83 | Schongau | Heiliggeistspitalkirche: stucco decoration | |
| 1686 | Rottenbuch | Augustinian Canons' Church : Pietà in the vestibule | |
| around 1690 | Apple strand | Parish Church of St. Michael: Our Lady of Sorrows | |
| around 1690/1700 | Schwabsoien | Parish church of St. Stephan: Ulrich, Afra and Katharina | |
| 1693 | Auernberg | Church of St. George: side altar figures Antonius and Joseph | |
| around 1695 | Stöttwang | Parish church St. Gordian and Epimachus: Figures of the church patron and Mother of God with the baby Jesus on a processional pole, possibly also a lecture cross | |
| around 1700 | Altusried | Parish Church of St. Blaise and Alexander: high altar figures of the church patron | |
| around 1700 | Bertoldshofen | Parish Church of St. Michael: Peter figure in a tower niche (workshop work) | |
| around 1700 | Biessenhofen | Pulpit figures from Altdorf (workshop participation) | |
| 1713/14 or earlier | Kinsau | Parish Church of St. Matthew: Figure group Anna selbdritt | |
| Immenhofen | Filial church of St. Nicholas: Pietà | ||
| Hochenfurch | Parish Church of the Assumption: Barbara | ||
| Bertoldshofen | Parish church St. Michael: choir figures Ulrich and Afra | ||
| Hohenpeissenberg | Parish Church of the Assumption: Side altar figures of Mary and Joseph with baby Jesus, Barabara, Savior on the whip column, crucifix | ||
| Beckstetten | Parish Church of St. Agatha: crucifix (?) | ||
| Eldratshofen | Filial church St. Johannes Baptist: Crucifixus (?) |
literature
- Rainer Mattes: Johann Pöllandt, sculptor and mayor. In: Archeology, art and landscape in the Tuttlingen district , published by the Tuttlingen district, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1998, ISBN 3-7995-4111-X , p. 227
- Eva Christina Vollmer: Johann Pöllandt. A baroque sculptor in Schongau. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1997, ISBN 3-931820-49-1
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Eva Christina Vollmer: Johann Pöllandt. A baroque sculptor in Schongau , Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1997, ISBN 3-931820-49-1 (hereinafter cited as “Vollmer 1997”), p. 8 f.
- ↑ See Vollmer 1997, pp. 130-135.
- ↑ Vollmer 1997, p. 23 fu ö.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pöllandt, Johann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pölandt, Johann; Bellandt, Johann |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German sculptor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1630 |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 1721 |
| Place of death | Schongau |