Aschheim

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Aschheim
Aschheim
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Aschheim highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 10 '  N , 11 ° 43'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Munich
Height : 512 m above sea level NHN
Area : 28.05 km 2
Residents: 9306 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 332 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 85609
Area code : 089
License plate : M , AIB , WOR
Community key : 09 1 84 112
LOCODE : DE AHM
Community structure: 2 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Saturnstrasse 48
85609 Aschheim
Website : www.aschheim.de
Mayor : Thomas Glashauser ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Aschheim in the Munich district
Starnberger See Landkreis Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Landkreis Ebersberg Landkreis Erding Landkreis Freising Landkreis Fürstenfeldbruck Landkreis Miesbach Landkreis Rosenheim Landkreis Starnberg Landkreis Weilheim-Schongau Landkreis Dachau München Forstenrieder Park Grünwalder Forst Brunnthal Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn Perlacher Forst Aschheim Aying Baierbrunn Brunnthal Feldkirchen (Landkreis München) Garching bei München Gräfelfing Grasbrunn Grünwald Haar (bei München) Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn Hohenbrunn Ismaning Kirchheim bei München Neubiberg Neuried (bei München) Oberschleißheim Ottobrunn Planegg Pullach im Isartal Putzbrunn Sauerlach Schäftlarn Straßlach-Dingharting Taufkirchen (bei München) Unterföhring Unterhaching Unterschleißheim Oberhachingmap
About this picture

Aschheim is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Munich . It is located northeast of Munich directly on the A 99 motorway ring . In the dialect, Aschheim is pronounced as Oschham [ ˈoːʃhaːm ].

geography

Neighboring communities

Ismaning Finsing ( district of Erding )
Unterföhring Neighboring communities Kirchheim near Munich
Munich Feldkirchen

Community structure

The municipality has two officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is indicated in brackets ):

history

The name "Aschheim" was first mentioned in 756/757 as "ascheim". The Old High German name is made up of "asc-" (= ash) and "-heim" (= place of residence) and therefore means "home with the ash trees".

Statuette of the goddess Athene / Minerva from a Celtic find context

However, the settlement in the area of ​​today's town hall dates back much longer than this first mention. The oldest traces of people who had left down here testify grave finds from the Corded Ware - (.. 2800 to 2300 BC) and the Bell Beaker Culture (. 2600-2300 BC.), Which came to light during the construction of the bypass in 2008 . House findings, pits and wells from the Bronze Age (2300–1200 BC) were mainly found in the southeastern municipal area. A 7.5 m deep well from the early Bronze Age (around 2000 BC) should be emphasized, in the lower meter of which the multi-phase wooden construction of the well box was very well preserved (today exhibited in the Aschhei Museum). In the south of the town hall, where an industrial area is growing today, there was a large burial ground in the late Bronze Age (approx. 1200–800 BC), the last evidence of which are the circular or oval enclosing trenches found by archaeologists.

In the older phase of the Iron Age, the so-called Hallstatt Age, evidence of settlement can be found in the eastern municipality of Aschheim in particular. Extensive rural settlements and groups of farmsteads with graves of the more recent phase - the so-called La Tène period - have been uncovered in various places throughout the southern local area and can be found in Dornach in particular . In the area of ​​the Dornacher Einsteinring and to the west of Aschheim, house floor plans, wells and pits with the corresponding finds testify to the use up to the end of the Latène period and thus almost to the time of the Roman development of the Munich gravel plain. From this late phase of the Celtic settlement comes a bronze statuette of the goddess Athene / Minerva (approx. 100/50 BC), an imported piece from the Mediterranean area.

The convenient location on the northern route of the Roman connection road from Augsburg to Wels / Upper Austria led to the establishment of at least three Roman country estates - so-called villae rusticae - in Aschheim as early as the early 1st century AD . South of the village, near today's road to Feldkirchen, a main house of such a country estate was uncovered in 2000 and 2005, which was built using a combined stone and wood construction. Its living comfort also included a small bathroom with underfloor heating, stone bathtubs and glass windows. This complex is now protected underground again, but can be seen in its reconstructed form in the landscape with the help of a panoramic panorama.

Belt tongues of a multi-part belt set from the 7th century from Aschheim, decorated with animal style typical of the time

The settlement of the place has not stopped since the early Middle Ages. For the period between 480/90 and the end of the 7th century, a large cemetery was found in what is today the area of ​​the village, which was excavated in 1997/98. Numerous finds provide information about burial and gift customs, the clothing of the people, the social hierarchy of society and its contacts in the surrounding area as well as in more distant areas such as Scandinavia or Byzantium. Towards the end of the 6th century, one family seems to separate itself from the rest and to be buried in a different place, on which they had a very early wooden church built around 600. According to historical tradition, this church served as the temporary burial place of Saint Emmeram around 680/90 before he was transferred to Regensburg. The wooden church with the patronage of St. Peter stands at the beginning of a total of seven church building phases. In addition to Saint Peter, Paul has also been documented as patron since the 16th century.

The importance of the place in the early Middle Ages ultimately also benefited modern medical research: at the beginning of 2013, an international study carried out in parallel at various laboratories under the direction of Michaela Harbeck and Holger C. Scholz based on DNA material from graves in Aschheim that was clearly in The later 6th century can be dated that this first verifiable plague in the narrower sense was actually the pathogen Yersinia pestis .

In the year 756/57 the first Bavarian regional synod took place in Aschheim , at which 15 resolutions were made on spiritual and secular issues, which were handed down in the form of a protocol in the library of the cathedral monastery in Freising . This protocol also contains the first written transmission of the place name (see above). Shortly afterwards, Aschheim is mentioned in the Vita of St. Emmeram , which was written by the Freising Bishop Arbeo around 770 and refers to events at the end of the 7th century. These two prominently occurring mentions at a short time apart, as well as some anomalies in the archaeologically established settlement image, prove a special position of the place “Ascheim” in the late 7th and 8th centuries. After Bavaria was placed under direct subordination to the Frankish King Charlemagne in 788, Aschheim obviously lost this special position and was given as a fief.

In the 12th century, the nobles of Aschheim often appear as witnesses in documents, before the property was split up and primarily went to Munich patricians. These included the Schrenk, Rosenbusch, Donnersberg, Ruepp and Lerchenfeld families. These families, known from Munich's city history, have been closely connected to Aschheim's history since 1500.

Recent development of the place

In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria in 1818, Aschheim and Dornach became independent political communities.

In connection with the Middle Isar Canal from 1920 to 1929, the Ismaninger reservoir and the drainage ditch that drained into it were built north of Aschheim . This meant massive interventions in the groundwater conditions, led to the drying up of the Aschheimer Bach and made it necessary to build a water tower to supply drinking and service water in 1923.

In 1973, the Southern Bavaria Autobahn Directorate released the new section of Autobahn 99 between the Haar and Aschheim / Ismaning junctions, and the Aschheim / Ismaning junction and the Munich-North junction opened two years later. Due to the increasing traffic through the town center, the municipality built a bypass road east of the town along the 99 motorway, which was inaugurated in summer 2010.

On May 1, 1978, Aschheim and Dornach were merged into the municipality of Aschheim as part of the municipal reform.

In 1987 the open youth center opened in the Bodermo-Haus on Sonnenstrasse in Aschheim. The youth club run by the Kreisjugendring is still located here today.

In 1992 the cultural building ("Kulti") was built as a culture, education and history center for the community of Aschheim at Münchner Strasse 8. Under its roof are the administration of the adult education center, a theater and concert hall, the community library and the AschheiMuseum.

The fire station in Aschheim was expanded between 1999 and 2001 and 2014. The Aschheim volunteer fire brigade has a special responsibility to look after a section of the busy A99 motorway ring. The fire brigade was founded in 1874 and is one of the oldest associations in the community. She has been responsible for the Aschheim maypole since 1972.

The former Aschheim primary school on Ismaninger Strasse became the new location of the town hall in 1974. Several conversions and extensions shaped the building. The biggest change was made by the addition and the extension in 2000. As part of the planning for the barrier-free expansion of the town hall in 2018, specialist planners identified static problems in the old town hall building, which was built around 1900. This led to a discussion about the renovation or new construction of this building area, which had not yet been decided in January 2019.

As early as 1956, Aschheim celebrated the first documentary mention of the place in 756 with a big local festival. After the years of war and the subsequent housing shortage, the people of Aschheim perceived this festival as a special festival and major event. In 2006 this idea was taken up again and celebrated, this time together with Dornach, the two local anniversaries: Aschheim celebrated its 1250th anniversary and Dornach its 1150th anniversary.

The first intermunicipal geothermal project was made possible in 2006 as a result of successful drilling for hot and recoverable underground water. Through the amalgamation of the communities of Aschheim, Feldkirchen and Kirchheim to create AFK geothermal energy, local resources were used for environmentally friendly and sustainable energy supply.

A citizen solar park ( photovoltaics ) was inaugurated on September 9, 2011, north of the interception ditch and west of the A 99 .

School history

Students from Aschheim and the surrounding communities received their first lessons since the 18th century from a hermit monk at the St-Emmeramsklause, which is located south of today's Heimstettner See. After secularization and the introduction of compulsory schooling at the beginning of the 19th century, a central school was built in Aschheim. It was completed in 1813, but it was not until 1815 that a teacher could be found who guaranteed regular lessons. In 1905 the move into a larger school building, which had been built right next to the old building. When today's Celtic elementary school was completed in 1974 and the school moved into the new building, the previous school building on Ismaninger Strasse was converted into the town hall.

In 2002 the Johann Andreas Schmeller Realschule Ismaning outsourced a branch to Aschheim. The secondary school branch became independent in 2004 under the name St. Emmeram secondary school and in 2006 moved into a new school building on today's Eichendorffstrasse.

The establishment of a humanistic high school was approved by the Bavarian Ministry of Culture in 2018.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the municipality grew from 4,332 to 9,198 by 4,866 inhabitants or by 112.3%.

politics

Town hall of the community of Aschheim

Municipal council

Distribution of seats in the municipal council
year CSU Alliance 90 / The Greens SPD FW total voter turnout
2020 7th 4th 2 7th 20th 60.3%
2014 10 0 5 5 20th 57.2%
2008 12 0 6th 2 20th 61.1%

mayor

The first mayor of the community has been Thomas Glashauser (CSU) since 2014.

Term of office Surname
1948-1984 Franz Ruthus (CSU)
1984-2014 Helmut J. Englmann (CSU)
since 2014 Thomas Glashauser (CSU)

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the municipality of Aschheim dates from 1956 and was presented to the mayor Franz Ruthus on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the first regional synod and the Bavarian state parliament in Aschheim. The coat of arms contains a stylized tree with two ash branches , which represent a symbolization of the place name, which is derived from "ash". The silver background and the blue leaves indicate the close connection between the settlement and the Bavarian duchy that has existed since the earliest times.

anthem

Under Mayor Helmut J. Englmann, the place gave itself its own anthem. The older Aschheimer Lied was written as early as the 1960s, preserved in a sound recording from 1973.

Town twinning

Town partnerships exist with the municipalities

There is a communal friendship with the Liegau-Augustusbad district of the city of Radeberg in Saxony.

Culture and sights

See also the list of architectural monuments in Aschheim

The DriveIn Autokino München-Aschheim is located in Aschheim .

Churches and chapels

Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul

Through archaeological excavations at and in the Aschheim Church of St. Peter and Paul in the late 1960s and early 1970s by Dr. Hermann Dannheimer was able to prove a total of six predecessors of the church standing today. The evidence of the oldest church building for the time around 600, which is somewhat controversial today in parts of early medieval archeology, was particularly interesting. This oldest church building is considered to be the first grave of St. Emmeram, whose body was transferred to the St. Emmeram monastery some time after his laying down in Regensburg. His presumed grave could also be located during the excavations. It is located on the southern outer wall of today's church building and is marked with a grave slab as a reminder. The present church was built in 1936/37 and consecrated in June 1937. It includes the choir of the previous church from around 1480 as a weekday chapel. The ribbed vault of the ceiling characterizes the old choir. A gravestone in honor of St. Emmeram from the Baroque period is embedded in the west wall. The stone that used to be in the church floor documents the living memory of the people of Aschheim of the first burial site of the prominent saint.

Evangelical Blessing Church in Aschheim

A chapel is said to have been built at the place of death of St. Emmeram shortly after his death. In 1524 this St. Emmeram (Feldkirchen) chapel became a branch of the parish of Aschheim. A hermit had taught the children of the surrounding communities there since the 18th century. During the secularization (1806) the chapel and the school room, which needed renovation, were demolished. On the initiative of the Aschheim parish, it was rebuilt at the old location in 1843.

Allegedly in gratitude for surviving the plague, the Aschheim population built the St. Sebastian Chapel west of the village in 1659, which was also demolished in 1806/1807. In 1995/96 the community of Aschheim had a new Sebastian chapel built a little further east of the presumed former location.

A Protestant church was built in 1996 on a piece of land west of the parish cemetery. The architect Prof. Friedrich Kurrent was inspired by the first early medieval church building made of wood in Aschheim and constructed the Aschheim Blessing Church entirely as a wooden structure. The church was consecrated on December 15, 1996.

Museums

AschheiMuseum: View of the "Natural Space and Basis of Life" area with fountains from three eras.

As early as the 1980s, the community wanted to process and present its own development from the first settlement of the area to the present day in a museum. Following this wish, the history and local history collection opened in 1987. Since an expansion with a completely new conception of the exhibition, it has been called AschheiMuseum since 2015.

Under the motto "Archeology - History - Homeland", the museum shows the approximately 4,500-year history of settlement in the area of ​​today's municipality of Aschheim. Divided into six subject areas, there is a clear environment for the archaeological finds from the Neolithic to the early Middle Ages. The highlights are the legacies of the Celtic period - from which the highlight of the collection, the Athene von Dornach, comes - and the finds from the two row grave fields of the early Middle Ages. Media stations as well as replicas, figures and models to touch are also available.

The museum works in close cooperation with the Bajuwarenhof Kirchheim open-air museum .

Buildings

Cultural building with theater hall at Münchner Straße 8 in Aschheim

See also:

Soil monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

About the beltway A 99 and A 94 is the middle ring to achieve in Munich in about 15 minutes, the city center of Munich within 25 minutes. There are bus lines to the S2 ( Riem , Feldkirchen and Heimstetten stations), the S8 (Ismaning station) and the U2 ( Messestadt-West ). The federal road 471 crosses the Aschheim municipality in a north-south direction.

Established businesses

Personalities

  • Walter Haupt (born February 28, 1935 in Munich), composer, conductor, director, sound architect; lives in Aschheim
  • Patrick Bussler (born June 1, 1984), snowboarder

literature

  • R. Riepertinger: Aschheim and Dornach. A microanalysis of two old Bavarian villages up to the year 1800. Studies on the Bavarian constitutional and social history 18 (Munich 2000).
  • H. Dannheimer, G. Diepolder: Aschheim in the early Middle Ages. Munich Contributions to Prehistory 32 (Munich 1988).
  • Aschheim - 1250 anniversary of the first Bavarian regional synod under Duke Tassilo III 756 / Dornach - 1150 anniversary of the first written mention 856. Ortschronik (Aschheim 2006).
  • Aschheim. A modern community introduces itself ... Citizen Information 2017 (Neuried 2017).
  • A. Pütz, P. Breuer: Aschheim story (s) for the young and the young at heart - The local history of Aschheim and Dornach - from the Neolithic to today. Aschheim 2016.
  • N. Bergmann, A. Pütz, P. Stilling: Aschheim and Dornach in pictures. Courtyards and public buildings through the ages. Munich 2018.

Trivia

Since the Munich-Riem S-Bahn station is directly adjacent to the Dornach industrial park, the municipality of Aschheim has been calling for it to be renamed Riem-Dornach for years . MVV and Deutsche Bahn have so far rejected this. Nevertheless, Aschheim consistently uses the name Riem-Dornach on the signposts and signs in its municipality .

Web links

Commons : Aschheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Aschheim community: Local council. Retrieved May 16, 2020 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Ascheim in the BayernAtlas , accessed on March 5, 2019
  4. ^ Community Aschheim in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 9, 2019.
  5. ↑ a b R. Riepertinger: Aschheim and Dornach. A microanalysis of two old Bavarian villages up to 1800. Studies on the Bavarian constitutional and social history 18, Munich 2000
  6. ↑ a b c H. Dannheimer: Aschheim in the early Middle Ages. Munich Contributions to Prehistory 32, Munich 1988.
  7. ↑ St. Peter and Paul , on kath-pfarrei-aschheim.de
  8. ↑ M. Harbeck, L. Seifert u. a .: Yersinia pestis DNA from skeletal remains from the 6 (th) century AD reveals insights into Justinianic Plague. In: PLoS pathogens. Volume 9, number 5, 2013, p. E1003349, ISSN  1553-7374 . doi: 10.1371 / journal.ppat.1003349 . PMID 23658525 . PMC 3642051 (free full text).
  9. ↑ A. Pütz, Ch. Later: On the trail of the villa publica - area excavations in early medieval Aschheim. Arch. Jahr Bayern 2013, pp. 134–136.
  10. ↑ New construction of federal motorways Compilation of the traffic clearances 1973 , accessed on February 8, 2019
  11. ^ "Cyclists parade on fresh asphalt", Süddeutsche Zeitung, No. 163 / district section from July 19, 2010
  12. ↑ Aschheim volunteer fire brigade's area of ​​operation
  13. ^ Aschheim town hall is threatened with demolition , accessed on February 8, 2019
  14. ↑ Geothermal energy , on afk-geothermie.de, accessed on February 8, 2019
  15. ↑ Aschheim - 1250 anniversary of the first Bavarian state synod under Duke Tassilo III 756 / Dornach - 1150 anniversary of the first written mention 856. Ortschronik (Aschheim 2006) pp. 102-106.
  16. ↑ Schulhaus , on rsaschheim.de, accessed on February 22, 2019
  17. ↑ Aschheim gets its own grammar school , on merkur.de, accessed on February 1, 2019
  18. ^ A grammar school for Aschheim , on sueddeutsche.de, accessed on February 1, 2019
  19. ↑ A selection of important statistical data for the municipality of Aschheim , accessed on July 12, 2014.
  20. ↑ Aschheim - Elections 2014 ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 12, 2014.
  21. ^ Aschheim community. Retrieved May 23, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Report by Münchner Merkur: Aschheim mourns Leni Ruthus , accessed on January 27, 2013.
  23. ↑ https://www.aschheim.de/de/gemeinde-leben/aschheim-im-ueberblick/wappen-fahne-hymne/
  24. ↑ Aschheim. It sings and sounds in our Gmoa. Long-playing record recorded by the Ascheimer and Dornacher folk music groups; Published by the municipality of Aschheim, 1973.
  25. ↑ Catholic Parish Aschheim (ed.), Faith Witnesses. Churches and chapels of the parish Aschheim / Dornach in their history (Aschheim 2003).
  26. ↑ Ev. Luth.Kirchengemeinde Feldkirchen (ed.), Festschrift 175 Years Evangelical Church Feldkirchen (Feldkirchen 2012) pp. 56–57.
  27. ↑ Google Maps: https: //maps.google.de,/ accessed on February 4, 2013.