Radeberg

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Radeberg
Radeberg
Map of Germany, position of the city of Radeberg highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 7 '  N , 13 ° 55'  E

Basic data
State : Saxony
County : Bautzen
Height : 250 m above sea level NHN
Area : 29.83 km 2
Residents: 18,565 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 622 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 01454
Primaries : 03528, 0351 (partly in Ullersdorf)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : BZ, BIW, HY, KM
Community key : 14 6 25 480
City structure: 3 districts

City administration address : 		Market 19
01454 Radeberg
Website : www.radeberg.de
Lord Mayor : Gerhard Lemm ( SPD )
Location of the city of Radeberg in the Bautzen district
Tschechien Dresden Landkreis Görlitz Landkreis Meißen Landkreis Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Arnsdorf Bautzen Bernsdorf Bischofswerda Burkau Crostwitz Cunewalde Demitz-Thumitz Doberschau-Gaußig Elsterheide Elstra Frankenthal (Sachsen) Göda Großdubrau Großharthau Großnaundorf Großpostwitz Großröhrsdorf Malschwitz Haselbachtal Hochkirch Hoyerswerda Kamenz Königsbrück Königswartha Kubschütz Laußnitz Lauta Lichtenberg (Lausitz) Lohsa Malschwitz Nebelschütz Neschwitz Neukirch (bei Königsbrück) Neukirch/Lausitz Obergurig Ohorn Oßling Ottendorf-Okrilla Panschwitz-Kuckau Pulsnitz Puschwitz Radeberg Radibor Räckelwitz Ralbitz-Rosenthal Rammenau Schirgiswalde-Kirschau Schmölln-Putzkau Schwepnitz Sohland an der Spree Spreetal Steina (Sachsen) Steinigtwolmsdorf Wachau (Sachsen) Weißenberg Wilthen Wittichenau Brandenburg Polenmap
About this picture

Radeberg is a large district town in the southwest of the Saxon district of Bautzen on the edge of the Dresdner Heide . Radeberg is the town with the highest population density in the district.

geography

Geographical location

The Große Röder and the Schwarze Röder flow through Radeberg and flow into the former at the Mittelmühle (near the Pestalozzi School). The Dresdner Heide begins on the western edge of the city , a flat, undulating, almost closed forest area of ​​more than 50 km². To the north and east of Radeberg you can see the western foothills of the Lusatian mountains . The city is located in the natural area of ​​the West Lusatian hills and mountains . The city also gives the region the name " Radeberger Land ".

City structure

The districts Liegau-Augustusbad (incorporated in 1995), Großerkmannsdorf and Ullersdorf (both incorporated in 1999) surround the city. Other named districts or localities in Radeberg, albeit without district status, are the settlement Rossendorf (north of the federal highway 6 ) and Kleinerkmannsdorf , both belonging to the district Großerkmannsdorf, as well as Heinrichsthal , Friedrichstal , the Heidehäuser , the suburban settlement and Lotzdorf .

Neighboring places

Ottendorf-Okrilla Koenigsbrück

Wachau (Saxony)

Pulsnitz and Großröhrsdorf , Landwehr
Dresden Heath Neighboring communities Arnsdorf and Bischofswerda
Dresden Eschdorf

Pirna

Stumble

history

City view of Radeberg around 1765 with the hospital bridge and the old hospital (right)

Middle Ages to modern times

Radeberg was mentioned for the first time in 1219 with an entry in "Schultes Directorium Diplomaticum / II. No. 193", which reports on a process of a chapel foundation with mention of a witness "Werner von Radebergk". However, no dated document is available for the correctness and truthfulness. When Schultes published his work around 1825, this documentary entry was nowhere to be found and was not mentioned in any other important chronicles of the 19th century.

The name of the place is probably derived from the river size Röder (old names: wheel river, Reder). In less than 150 years a market square, a castle and separate units of measurement such as the Radeberger Scheffel were built . On March 16, 1412, the town and soft image rights of Landgrave Friedrich IV. (Meißen and Thuringia) , called the peaceable or simple-minded, also the younger, were granted to the market town.

Since Duke Heinrich the Pious first introduced the Reformation in the Albertine part of Saxony he ruled in connection with two church visits in 1539 , the year 1539 was also valid for Radeberg, who belonged to the Dresden Superintendent's office . The visitors were Caspar von Schönberg, Rudolf von Rechenberg, Justus Jonas, Georg Spalatin and Melchior von Creutzen. The second visitation took place in the period from December 20, 1539 to July 7, 1540.

Silver was found north of the city in the 16th century, and the site was then named Silberberg . However , the mine, located on the northern slope of the Silberberg in an eastern side valley of the Große Röder, the Tannengrund , was quickly exhausted. The Thirty Years War and the Great Northern War hit the city hard. In 1645, saltpeter boiling was introduced in Radeberg . In 1713 Rittmeister Bruckmeyer and the medical laboratory assistant Hausen tried to build a large saltpeter factory on the Freudenberg , which at that time was still on the edge of the city center, but this was thwarted by a civil uprising on September 20, 1714 due to the high risk of fire.

In the same year, on July 13, 1714, almost the entire city burned down as a result of lightning strikes. The search for lime for reconstruction also took place in the tunnels of the former mining area on the Silberberg, but was unsuccessful. Instead, this search led to the discovery of the mineral springs in the Tannengrund by the Radeberg mayor Christoph Seydel .

Industrial revolution through to National Socialism

Radeberg market square around 1900

Radeberg developed early into an industrial location at the gates of the state capital Dresden . This was triggered by the early connection of Radeberg to the Dresden - Görlitz railway line from 1845 and the consequent settlement of the glass industry. The first glass factory was built in 1858. After 1871 there was a rapid increase in industrial settlements in Radeberg.

Due to the acute shortage of ammunition at the battlefields of the First World War , a state arms company for the manufacture of detonators and detonators, the Royal Fireworks Laboratory Radeberg , was founded in Radeberg in 1915 . Over 5,000 people were temporarily employed in the factory.

Many Radeberg companies were affected by the global economic crisis in 1929. The resulting high unemployment rate led to a drastic deterioration in the housing and supply situation of the population. In order to reduce the housing shortage, the city of Radeberg built almost 200 apartments between 1926 and 1932. East of the city, on the basis of the newly created Reichsheimstätten Act of May 10, 1920 , the suburban settlement Am Taubenberg , popularly known as Kalte Hand , was built in 1932 . The Ernst-Braune-Siedlung , supported by the non-profit building cooperative Radeberg, was built on the western outskirts of the city from 1913 onwards, and the so-called Kohlrabi Island in the southern suburbs as a cooperative building project .

Official announcement about the unification of Radeberg and Lotzdorf in 1920

On January 1, 1920, the two political communities Radeberg and Lotzdorf were united, there was no incorporation . Any gebietskörperschaftliche , public and private law, municipal and political functions and positions Lotzdorfs are off at this time, the previous municipal representatives Lotzdorfs were resolved without compensation. All rights and liabilities in this regard, as well as the entire movable and immovable property of the rural community of Lotzdorf, were transferred to the municipality of Radeberg on the reporting date. The corridor district Lotzdorf has been assigned to the parish and corridor district Radeberg while retaining its previous parcel numbers, so that after the unification in 1920 in the new, enlarged town of Radeberg, two corridor districts or districts (corridor Radeberg and corridor Lotzdorf) each with their own Parcel numbers exist.

The census on May 17, 1939 showed 15,993 inhabitants, of which 7,474 men and 8,519 women.

Towards the end of the Second World War , from July 1944 to May 1945, there was a labor education camp (AEL) on Robert-Blum-Weg / corner of Adolph-Kolping-Strasse , in which hundreds of inmates from numerous countries were killed under horrific conditions, shot in the neck, poison or malnutrition found. They had to do forced labor for the Sachsenwerk in armaments production. (→ See also: Radeberg Labor Education Camp )

German Democratic Republic

Clivia II FER858A (VEB Rafena-Werke Radeberg) from 1956

The export beer brewery founded in 1872 as well as the development and production of televisions from 1950 in the Sachsenwerk Radeberg (renamed VEB Rafena -Werke in November 1956 ) and later desktop and mainframe computers in the parent company of the VEB Kombinat Robotron , which emerged in 1969 from the VEB Rafena-Werke, shaped over Decades the urban economy.

In July 1948, the “Maxim Gorki” cultural center, the first cultural center in the Soviet Occupation Zone (SBZ) , was opened. From 1948 to 1953, one of the first kindergartens in the Soviet Zone was located in this building. The Sachsenwerk Radeberg or its legal successor was responsible for the culture house and the kindergarten. The cultural center was the cultural center and the event center of the city and was used for various events until well into the 1990s. In 2009 the buildings were demolished and a public green area was created on the property.

From 1955 to 1976 the city council published the monthly magazine " Radeberger Kulturleben " as "Heimatschrift for Radeberg and the surrounding area".

Since the reunification

On April 1, 1995, Liegau-Augustusbad was incorporated. On January 1, 1999, Großerkmannsdorf and Ullersdorf were added. Since then, the city's population has remained relatively stable between 18,000 and 19,000

On January 1, 2009, it was raised to the status of a major district town.

The history of the city of Radeberg has been processed since 2004 in a thematically structured form that includes all epochs by the voluntary “Urban History Working Group” (on behalf of the major district town of Radeberg) and in the brochure “Radeberger Blätter zur Stadtgeschichte” published once a year by the major district town of Radeberg " released.

Population development

year Residents year Residents
1551 227 possessed citizens, including in the castle lean-to

51 possessed men, 78 residents

1946 16,622
1764 103 possessed man,

60 cottagers, 18¾ hooves

1950 16,440
1834 2,256 1964 17,420
1871 4,388 1990 14,671
1890 8,740 2000 18,731
1910 13,413 2015 18,389
1925 15,651 2017 18,451
1939 16,183 2018 18,463
2019 18,798

Place name forms

  • 1233: Thimo miles de Radeberch
  • 1235: Radeberc
  • 1350: Aldenradeberg
  • 1378: Radeberg (RDMM 266)
  • 1435: Radwerck
  • 1445/47: Radeberg
  • 1485: Radberg
  • 1488: Radenberg
  • 1537: Rodenperg
  • 1551: Radebergk

politics

Local elections 2019
Turnout: 62.7% (2014: 52.4%)
 %
30th
20th
10
0
25.9%
16.1%
20.0%
8.7%
8.4%
21.1%
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
 25th
 20th
 15th
 10
   5
   0
  -5
-10
-9.8  % p
-4.1  % p
-0.6  % p
-4.4  % p
+ 2.8  % p
+ 21.1  % p.p.

City Councilor and Lord Mayor

After the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the city council is composed as follows:

Party / list CDU SPD FWR LEFT GREEN AfD total
Seats 2019 7th 4th 5 2 2 4th 26th
Seats 2014 10 6th 6th 3 1 0 26th

Frank Petzold (CDU) was elected first mayor after the political change in 1990 by the city council at the time. In the first direct mayoral election in Radeberg (1994), Gerhard Lemm (SPD) was elected and re-elected with 78% in 2001, 81% in 2008 and 96% in 2015. Since the elevation of Radeberg to a major district town in 2009, the official title has been Lord Mayor.

coat of arms

The coat of arms and coat of arms of the city was added in 1507 by Duke Georg von Sachsen, it shows lions over half a wooden wheel, which is why the origin of the Slavic city name of Rade- brech (also: Radberch ) is assumed. From the earlier coats of arms only the color and half of the wheel were taken over. The striding lion , as the heraldic animal of the then Mark Meißen, has changed from black to blue. On the Albrechtsburg in Meißen , however, there is a room in which numerous coats of arms of the surrounding area are depicted, including the coat of arms of Radeberg, which shows three thirds of a broken wheel on a light blue background. Originally the wheel can be traced back to the Mainz wheel . Already in 1233 there were three gold wagon rims turned against each other in the seal of Thimo von Radeberch .

Town twinning

Radeberg's twin cities are Garching near Munich in Bavaria and, since 1972, Neratovice in the Czech Republic . In addition, there is a communal friendship with the Bavarian community of Aschheim , the former partner community of the Liegau-Augustusbad district.

Memorials

  • War memorial for the establishment of the German Empire in 1871 as well as to the victims of the German War of 1866 and the fallen soldiers of the Franco-German War 1870/71
  • War memorial for the fallen of the First World War on Pulsnitzer Strasse
  • Honor grove on Pulsnitzer Strasse in memory of murdered prisoners of the AEL with memorial stones for members of different nations
  • Memorial stone at the location of the AEL, inaugurated in 1965 by former prisoner Herbert Gute
  • Memorial plaque on the site of the former VEB Robotron-Elektronik for the inmates of the AEL
  • FIR honorary grove in the local cemetery for the victims of fascism and resistance fighters from the city and district of Radeberg
  • Honor grove and graves in the same cemetery for 59 Soviet prisoners of war and slave labor
  • Memorial stone in the settlement on Gartenstrasse in memory of the social democratic city ​​councilor Ernst Braune , who was persecuted by the Nazis
  • Memorial stone for Ernst Thälmann on Lotzdorfer Straße, which was cared for by the students of the Ludwig Richter School until the fall of the Wall, as well as the Lotzdorf war memorial on the same street.

Culture and sights

Klippenstein Castle
  • The town hall on the market was built in Rococo style by Samuel Locke 1767–1769 after the previous building burned down in 1714 and 1741.
  • The post distance column from 1729 in front of the town hall is a replica made in 2012. The original was placed on the market on October 28, 1729 as part of the Second Saxon Land Survey . In July 1791 it was moved to the center of the market due to the enlargement of the garrison watch house and remained there until 1852.
  • In addition to the Klippenstein castle, which emerged from the castle (“main castle”), the “outer bailey”, which was used as a district court and prison from 1856 to 1952, as well as the “Hungerturm” (owl tower) that can be climbed today, there is also a local history museum that opened in 1953. The permanent exhibition on industrial history was opened in 2015.
  • The Seifersdorfer Tal , the Hüttertal , the Landwehr and the Dresdner Heide are ideal for excursions, as well as the Gelbkehain park in the city center .
  • The Grundmühle in Liegau-Augustusbad at the beginning of the Seifersdorfer Valley has clear architectural and historical details for those interested.
  • Radeberg has had a trombone choir for the Protestant parish since 1927.
  • The Radeberger Spielmannszug founded in 1968 is now a section of the Radeberger Sports Club.
  • Although the Radeberg town church was built during the Gothic period , it cannot be classified in terms of art history.
  • The Radeberg Botanical Blind Garden at Villa Storchennest is home to around 1300 species of plants, including 700 fragrant plants and a camellia collection .
  • There are three dodecagon houses in Radeberg , an example of experimental architecture from the 1970s in the GDR.
  • The hospital bridge near the brewery was completed in 1764 and is the oldest stone bridge in the area of ​​today's city center. This original two-arch bridge was renewed as a single arch bridge in 1899. Several other Radeberger bridges , for example the stone arch bridge built in 1762 over the Große Röder at the Radeberger Hüttermühle , the Löwenbrücke and the Hundestallbrücke , are protected as cultural monuments.

theatre

The Radeberger Biertheater , which operates as the first Saxon dialect theater , is known beyond the region . The private theater is located in the Kaiserhof on the main street and can accommodate 268 visitors. Actors include Peter Flache , Die Bierhähne as well as Angela Zschaler, Thomas Rauch and Jens Albrecht.

In 1963, the amateur theater group of the VEB Rafena factory, supported by the “Maxim Gorki” cultural center, was given the status and title of a workers' theater . This existed until the late 1980s.

Culinary specialties

Radeberger export beer brewery

The most famous specialty is the Radeberger beer . It is the first beer that has been brewed according to the Pilsner brewing style outside of Bohemia since 1872 and thus also the oldest in Germany. In the GDR it was relatively difficult to obtain in trade as an export product (for example only in selected restaurants). After a slump in production and sales immediately after reunification and the temporary loss of export markets, brewing capacity has increased enormously in recent years. In 2002 the majority owner of the brewery, the then Binding Group , renamed itself the " Radeberger Group ".

Another culinary specialty of Radeberg is the Original Radeberger , a herbal liqueur that was originally produced by the Richter company.

The Heinrichsthal dairy was founded in 1880 in the Heinrichsthal area (former Vorwerk , part of Radeberg). As early as 1884, the founder of the household school and teaching dairy in Heinrichsthal , Agathe Zeis , acquired the patent for the production of Camembert cheese and was the first in Germany to be allowed to produce the French cheese specialty.

Regular events

The largest events in the city are the Radeberger Bierstadtfest, the Brewery Festival and the Korchfest at regular intervals. Other well-known events are the Kohlrabi Island Festival, the Ullersdorf village pond festival, the summer solstice celebration in Liegau-Augustusbad, the summer festival of the Saxon Epilepsy Center in Radeberg , the fire brigade festival and the Radeberg Christmas market. The castle, the observatory, the epilepsy center and the volunteer fire brigades (including the districts) invite you to the open day . Since the incorporation of Großerkmannsdorf in 1999, from 11.11. Every year the carnival started in 1967 by the Großerkmannsdorf Carnival Club . There are also carnival events in other Radeberg districts, such as in Ullersdorf.

Radeberger Bierstadtfest

Every year in June the Radeberger Bierstadtfest takes place. The city center is closed to vehicle traffic in order to create space for dealers, showmen and stages. Artists and DJs provide musical entertainment. Medieval fashion shows, show cooking, the Radeberger beer barrel rolling and the Radeberger flying sparks are carried out on the three-day festival.

media

The Sächsische Zeitung report on local events in and around Radeberg in the local edition Rödertal Zeitung , the local newspaper Die Radeberger and WochenKurier .

Leisure and sports facilities

The Stadtbad Radeberg is an outdoor pool with a swimming and paddling pool, large sunbathing areas, a children's playground and a volleyball court. The bathing festival and other events take place here regularly. Until 2012, the Stadtbad was the venue for the Scottish Highland Games Radeberg. In 2013 the organizer and location of the competition changed.

The Radeberger SV operates several sports facilities in Radeberg, such as the stadium on Schillerstraße with several soccer fields and a sports hall, as well as a large archery range in Hüttertal . Divided into different departments, the RSV u. a. Handball , soccer , tennis , marching band , badminton , bowling , athletics , dancing , table tennis , gymnastics , volleyball , fistball and archery.

Infrastructure

traffic

Railway station and bus station in Radeberg

The Radeberg station is located on the Görlitz – Dresden railway line, which went into operation in 1845 . Trains of the Länderbahn (" Trilex ") and the Mitteldeutsche Regiobahn run here .

Hospitals

In 1906 the "Municipal Hospital" was built. This received the honorary name Dr. Paul Kirchner . The resulting Asklepios-ASB Klinik Radeberg is a standard care hospital with 125 beds. The Kleinwachau Saxon Epilepsy Center Radeberg is the only specialist hospital in Saxony that specializes in epilepsy .

education

Elementary school town center
Humboldt-Gymnasium, historical building on the right and supplementary building on the left

The Humboldt-Gymnasium Radeberg auf dem Freudenberg goes back to the "Städtische Höhere Knabenschule", which was founded in 1899. In 1912, the Realprogymnasium, which emerged from the municipal high school for boys in 1904, moved into the new school building on Freudenberg. In 1925 he was appointed Realgymnasium with Realschule , and for the first time pupils were allowed to enter the Abitur level. Three girls first attended school with the boys in 1914. After it was closed in 1982, the grammar school was re-established in 1992 and was able to start in the spring of 2000 after the renovation of the old grammar school building and the completion of the supplementary building from the former "Hans-Beimler-POS" ( Polytechnic High School ) building pull the Waldstraße back to the Freudenberg.

There are also two secondary schools in Radeberg, the Pestalozzi secondary school in the city center and the Ludwig Richter secondary school in the Lotzdorf area . In Radeberg there is the primary school south, the primary school Stadtmitte and the primary schools in the districts of Ullersdorf and Liegau-Augustusbad. The primary school in the Ullersdorf district has had a branch in the Großerkmannsdorf district since 2008. This former branch of the Pestalozzi-Oberschule was previously empty and could be reactivated with a special permit, as there were not enough classrooms available for a dual track in Ullersdorf.

There is also a special school G and a special school L as well as a vocational school center.

The district adult education center in Bautzen maintains a regional office in Heidestrasse and offers various courses there.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Johann Gottfried Kliemann , Röhrmeister and master carpenter von Radeberg, honorary citizen May 22, 1846
  • Prince Georg of Saxony (1832–1904), battery chief of the Radeberg garrison (1852–1854), honorary citizen October 12, 1853
  • Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898), granted honorary citizenship of 72 Saxon cities on the occasion of his 80th birthday, honorary citizen 1895
August Max Rumpelt around 1875

sons and daughters of the town

Heinrich von Martius

Associated with Radeberg

  • Peter Adler (1940–2010), politician (SPD), member of the Saxon state parliament
  • Theodor Arldt (1878–1960), natural scientist, historian, writer and teacher
  • Erich Bär (1905–1981), founder and long-time director of the Radeberg public observatory "Erich Bär". Namesake of the minor planet (319227) Erichbär
Otto Bauer, around 1910

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Radeberg  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Radeberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Radeberg  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019  ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Dresden and Saxony - regional studies; Regional history: Reformation
  3. ^ Local law on the unification of the rural community Lotzdorf with the city of Radeberg. File 2.3.000.085 Radeberg City Archives
  4. ^ The population of the Reich after the 1939 census, No. 2; Berlin 1941
  5. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities of Germany, see 1995
  6. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
  7. ↑ Changes in population / area for 14 6 25 480 Radeberg municipality, city. In: Regional Register Saxony. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , accessed on February 15, 2015 .
  8. ↑ a b Radeberg - HOV. Retrieved January 23, 2018 .
  9. ^ Election results - Radeberg community, city. In: sachsen.de. 2019, accessed July 18, 2019 .
  10. ^ Lexicon cities and coats of arms of the German Democratic Republic, VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig 1979, Karlheinz Blaschke, Gerhard Kehrer, Heinz Machatscheck
  11. ^ Lexicon Heraldik, Gert Oswald, VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig, 1984
  12. ↑ Radeberger Chronik 1550-1839 . Handwritten manuscript. Archive no. 00003476. Museum Schloss Klippenstein Radeberg
  13. ↑ The Radebergers
  14. ^ Week courier
  15. ↑ The new host wants to keep the Radeberger Highland Games alive. Bulletin of the Bautzen district, April 13, 2013, archived from the original on June 26, 2013 ; Retrieved June 18, 2013 (archived version).
  16. ^ Weekly newspaper for the city of Radeberg and its surroundings. Fourth year, No. 23 from June 6, 1846
  17. ↑ Jan Foitzik: “Soviet commanderships and German administration in the Soviet occupation zone and early GDR. Documents". Berlin; Munich [u. a.]: De Gruyter Oldenbourg 2015. OCLC 920790755
  18. ↑ a b I take up my pen with great pleasure ( Memento from April 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ^ The Apels - a Dresden puppeteer family between the German Empire and the GDR ( Memento from September 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ↑ Kasper, why do you have such golden threads? ( Memento from September 12, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  21. ↑ The Apels - a Dresden puppeteer family between the German Empire and the GDR - Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden ( Memento from September 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  22. ^ SLUB Dresden