City church Radeberg
The town church of Radeberg For the Holy Name of God is an Evangelical Lutheran church and is located on a hill near the city center of Radeberg . The town church belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Radeberger Land , which includes Radeberg, Liegau-Augustusbad , Großerkmannsdorf , Kleinwolmsdorf , Seifersdorf , Wachau and Schönborn .
history
Radeberg was first mentioned in a document in 1219. Around 1233 a Thimo miles de Radeberch is documented . In 1289, Radeberg Castle is listed for the first time in the documents as castrum Radeberch infeudatum , after Heinrich III, the illustrious , Margrave of Meißen, bequeathed Radeberg to his youngest son Friedrich the Little , also known as Clemme, in addition to Dresden in 1287 . Friedrich Clemme sold this inheritance to King Wenceslaus III in 1289 . of Bohemia as a fiefdom (infeudatum). In 1303 Radeberg came back to the Mark Brandenburg as a fief and finally back to Friedrich Clemme in a roundabout way.
Margrave Wilhelm von Meißen donated an altar in the castle after 1387, which was consecrated to Saints Erasmus and Georg. The castle thus became the seat of an archpriest or chaplain, because the town of Radeberg did not yet have a church.
Administratively, the city belonged to the Castrum Dresden around 1378. Around 1400 the church building was also destroyed by fire. In 1412, the Margrave of Meissen and Landgrave of Thuringia , Frederick IV, the peacemaker , granted city rights and soft image . In 1430 the Hussites under their leader Andreas Prokop stormed the city and caused great damage. Further city fires in 1521, 1714 and 1741 caused severe destruction and devastation. The council and church archives as well as a sizeable library with manuscripts and documents were also lost. The still existing files, documents and documents begin with the year 1741. In a princely commissarial deed from the year 1473 a pastor Jurge Kuchelern is mentioned in a legal dispute. In an ordinance of the Bishop of Meißen Johannes VII von Schleinitz from January 27, 1536 three altars of the parish church are named, the altar of Saint Catherine , Saint Wolfgang and the Kalandsbrüder , a brotherhood of wealthy citizens.
The Reformation introduced by Duke Heinrich in 1539 in the entire Duchy of Saxony was also introduced in Radeberg, which at that time belonged to the Superintendentur Dresden, as part of a church visit that was carried out in July 1539 . The visitors were Messrs Caspar von Schönberg, Rudolf von Rechenberg, Justus Jonas, Georg Spalatin and Melchior von Creutzen. Another visit took place in the period from December 20, 1539 to July 7, 1540. From the visitation files, locat number 10599 in the State Archives , it can be seen that the archdeaconate of Radeberg has now been repealed and that Radeberg belonged to the Ephorie Dresden until 1822 . From the year 1700 the Radeberg pastors are adjuncts (assistants) of the Dresden Ephorie. On September 13, 1706, powerful Swedish army units entered Radeberg. Swedish King Karl XII. stayed in the Stadtmühle on today's Dresdner Strasse, which at the time belonged to the Rödershausen Vorwerk . The tolls were considerable, and there was also looting.
1486 to 1900
In 1486 the foundation stone was laid for a stone church, which was completed in 1498. The high spire was demolished in 1611 because it was dilapidated and replaced by a new crown made of a flat, truncated dome covered with slate. During the city fire on July 13, 1714, the interior of the church burned out, and only a hesitant restoration was carried out, the financial means were lacking. In this city fire, 108 residential houses, 5 malt and brewing houses, 15 barns, school, 2 diaconate buildings, town hall and church including the tower were destroyed. The reconstruction was carried out gradually due to a lack of building materials and money. While looking for building material, the then Mayor of Radeberg, Christoph Seydel, found no building material in the former Tannengrund mine tunnels north of Radeberg, but found rich springs with healing water, which became the basis for the Augustusbad .
The organ built by the Pulsnitz organ builder Johann Gottlob Ziegler and inaugurated in 1726 was donated by the Radeberg clerk Johann George Tretzsch. The font (also co-financed by Johann George Tretzsch) and the pulpit were created by the Dresden sculptor Johann Christian Feige . The baptismal font , cast from English pewter , was financed by the widow of General Accise Inspector Kauderbach. On December 10, 1730, the completed Church of the Holy Name of God was consecrated by the superintendent of the Dresden Frauenkirche , Valentin Ernst Löscher .
In 1741 the church suffered significant fire damage again when large parts of the city were reduced to ashes. The archive files were destroyed. It was not until 1743 that an emergency roof was able to secure the church from further deterioration. Again there were financial difficulties with the reconstruction. It was possible to renew the church through donations and private assumption of costs. The organ was donated by the clerk Tretzsch. The slightly lower tower was completed in 1770. The old dark slug pane glazing was replaced by sheet glass in 1805 . Thus the interior of the church shone with a new brightness.
The church was given a new interior and exterior plaster in 1808 by local craftsmen. In 1850 the organ was replaced by a new instrument.
The painter Erhard Ludewig Winterstein , who came from Radeberg, made a new altarpiece “Der Auferstandene” in 1885, which was financed by donations from Radeberg women. For the Easter service on April 5, 1885, this larger than life painting was integrated into the altar.
A church tower building association was founded in 1866. After sufficient funds had been collected, construction of the new tower began in 1886. For this purpose, the same location was chosen as for the old tower south of the nave and a 61-meter-high representative tower with a bell room and bell, clockwork and viewing gallery was built at a height of 27 meters. The total height to the top of the tower cross is 62.62 meters. All construction work was carried out by the Radeberg builder Alwin Würdig.
In addition to the new tower, the church was repeatedly rebuilt and extended, as was a fundamental renovation. The nave was lengthened seven meters to the west. The plans for this came from the Leipzig architects Georg Weidenbach and Anton Käppler . In 1887/1888, five new glass windows with motifs of the evangelists and a floating angel were made based on templates by the Dresden painter Christian W. Anemüller , donated by four Radeberg entrepreneurial families and former Radeberg citizens and therefore called "donor windows". Instead of the baroque altar that had been demolished as part of the renovation work, a new altar made by the Leipzig cabinet maker Arnemann was erected. Together with the altar painting by Winterstein, this new altar formed the center of the choir until the entire church was repaired and modernized from 1970 onwards.
After the completion of the renovation work, the church building was consecrated on November 18, 1888. It now offered 814 seats. In 1889 the new tower was built and on June 16, 1889 it was consecrated. At the same time, a new heating system and gas lighting were installed. The cost of all the work was 79,000 marks .
1907 to 1945
In the period from May 27 to September 7, 1907, the interior of the church was renovated. The painting on the ceiling, on the pulpit, on the baptismal font, in the chancel, in the sacristy and in the vestibule was carried out by the Dresden painter and restorer Paul Rößler . The rest of the painting work was done by local craftsmen, such as master builder Petrich and master painter Nympsch. On the occasion of the harvest festival on September 8, 1907, worship services were resumed with a particularly solemn sermon by the superintendent Kaiser. At the same time, the organ was expanded to 34 registers by the Dresden organ builder Jahn (junior). In the war year 1917 , three of the larger bells had to be donated as metal. During the Second World War in 1942, the three bells that had meanwhile been added were again melted down for armament purposes.
1946 to 1989
The new rulers after the Second World War had little interest in the church, and yet in 1956, after major storms, the spire with the tower ball and the cross on it was renewed. New bells were installed in 1956 and solemnly consecrated in 1957. In the meantime, further structural damage has become noticeable due to inadequate maintenance and care. In 1966, the building surveyor, the church building maintenance worker Möller, established considerable sponge infestation and other serious damage. In 1969 some security measures began. Penetrating moisture contributed significantly to the formation of dry rot and threatened the wooden inventory and foresaw the collapse of the church. In 1970, the sponge renovation began on the roof structure and the associated masonry. The organ had to be completely dismantled and the other wooden parts were salvaged and restored. The condition was so bad that it was decided not to restore the overall historical model. The socialist shortage economy and the lack of state support were decisive. In addition, there was a lack of funds, so the church council opted for a simplified form. Thus the second gallery , the windows in the choir area and the ceiling painting were also omitted . When the altar structure was dismantled, it collapsed when the altarpiece was removed . The roof structure and the roof covering were extensively renewed. The church received a new exterior plaster. Inside, the altar was renewed, the chancel received new colored windows based on designs by the artist Werner Juza from Wachau, and the pulpit and baptismal font were restored. With great sympathy and active support from the community members, these measures were successfully carried out. On June 6, 1971 the consecration of the repaired church took place. In the following years the condition of the organ deteriorated. A new organ from the church in Hohnstein was expanded and installed by Hermann Eule Orgelbau Bautzen in 1975; The organ was consecrated on October 4, 1975. Since only the bare essentials could be repaired during maintenance work, structural damage to the sandstone masonry on the building and tower became noticeable around 1980. In the same year, a building survey found considerable damage to the tower balustrade. Preliminary security measures were taken. Only a year later, the Irmisch company from Radeberg was able to repair the damage. The weathered sandstones were replaced by concrete parts.
present
In 1990 a new positive organ was installed in the chancel of the church by the Wünning company from Großolbersdorf in the Ore Mountains . In 1991 an inspection again found damage to the tower and in 1992 it was examined more closely using alpine technology. A modern gas heating system was installed in 1993. A new church tower building association was founded on June 13, 1995 to preserve the town's landmark, the church tower that can be seen from afar. In 1996 the church tower was extensively renovated and repaired. A total sandstone renovation was carried out, including the supporting structure. A new bell cage, sound hatches and the installation of two new bronze bells were necessary. The tower clock, dials and hands have also been restored. The total cost of repairing the tower was 1.7 million DM. On September 13, 1998, work on the tower was finished. The outdoor facilities were redesigned and built in 2001. After 30 years of the last preservation of the church's value and the renewal of the tower, another comprehensive roof repair and interior renovation became necessary. With the help of the city council and government support, the financial resources could be made available. The renovations were carried out in the course of the city redevelopment, in addition the city council decided in December 2001 to support the project with 80% and contributed 655,000 euros in support. The regional church of Saxony provided 126,000 euros, and the remaining amount of 90,000 euros is the community's own contribution. The management and planning of the renovation was carried out by the architects Lorenz & Ruschovy from Langebrück . In 2002, work was carried out on the roof with the supporting structure and the roofing with slate shingles. A new external plaster was also created. This time no aluminum sheets and pipes were installed, instead copper sheet was used in the old tradition. In order to meet the various demands and wishes of interior renovation, the church council decided to submit a tender. The design by the Helm engineering office was then found to be good and implemented. The focus was on the color scheme of the chancel, design of the ceiling and wall surfaces and a redesign of the floor. The work was carried out between 2003 and 2004. The solemn rededication of the church took place on May 9, 2004. In 2005 a general overhaul of the organ was carried out by Orgelbau Waltershausen.
Furnishing
Door arch
One of the oldest parts of the church is a traditional, walled-in sandstone door arch of a Gothic pointed arch portal with the date 1498, the completion of the first documented church building. It comes from the previous church and was moved inside, so it has been preserved in a very good condition.
Baptismal font
The font is the work of the Dresden sculptor Johann Christian Feige and was made of sandstone in 1730 . In its basic form an octagonal baroque work adorned with ornaments and decorations, depicting biblical scenes in fine detail. The baptismal font is made of chased copper sheet and has been gilded. A relief is worked into the floor, depicting Adam and Eve in paradise and the tree of life. The baptismal font is due to the donation of the widow of Generalaecisinspector Kauderbach. The lid of the baptismal font is also richly decorated. The baptismal font was financed by donations from clerk Johann Georg Tretzsch and trimmings manufacturer Christian Thomas.
pulpit
By the Dresden sculptor Johann Christian Feige and also the pulpit was made of sandstone in 1730 . Christian scenes and motifs are designed in the finest detail. Particularly noteworthy are the depictions of the four evangelists John with an eagle, Matthew with an angel, Luke with a bull and Mark with a lion. The crowning sound cover forms the end of the pulpit. The altar was donated by nine citizens of Radeberg for 450 thalers and the pulpit for 400 thalers by Heinrich Gerhardt (Dresden registrar).
organ
The eventful history of the church also applies to the organ . There was nothing to be learned about the church's organ from the 15th century. With the reconstruction of the church after the town fire of 1714, the clerk Johann Georg Tretzsch donated a new organ with eighteen stops on two manuals and a pedal by the organist and organ builder Johann Gottlieb Ziegler (1680–1735) from Pulsnitz . After 120 years, the Dresden organ builder Nikolaus Friedrich Jahn installed a new instrument. The organ, now with twenty-eight stops on two manuals and pedal, cost 2000 thalers. This instrument was subsequently expanded several times (to 34 registers) and renovated, rebuilt and modernized (pneumatics). In 1970 an urgent renovation took place, during which the organ, which had been badly damaged by the effects of moisture, was removed. From parts of an organ from the church in Hohnstein (Herbig organ) and parts of the Jahn organ, the company Hermann Eule Orgelbau Bautzen installed a new two-manual instrument with 27 stops with a mechanical action and 1,800 organ pipes . The prospectus was created in the workshop of the Schmidt joinery in Radeberg .
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
Peal
With the reconstruction of the church after the town fire of 1714, the Dresden court councilor Gottfried Heinrich Boetz (Bötz) donated a new bronze bell in 1725. The big bell had the inscription: Jubila Fert Campana sonaus Reteunte Luthero . Bronze remnants from the old bells from the bell founder Michael Weinhold from Dresden were used. Just like for the other two bells of the peal.
The following is a data overview:
| No. | Surname | Casting date | Caster | diameter
(mm) |
Dimensions
(kg) |
Chime | Art |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little bell | 1717 | Bell foundry Michael Weinhold Dresden | unknown | 680 | a` | bronze |
| 1.1 | Little bell | 1790 | unknown | unknown | 242 | a` | bronze |
| 2 | Medium bell | 1724 | Bell foundry Michael Weinhold Dresden | unknown | 920 | fis` | bronze |
| 3 | Big bell | 1717 | Bell foundry Michael Weinhold Dresden | unknown | 1460 | d` | bronze |
The small bell broke when it rang in 1789 and was replaced by a new one. With the replacement bell the sound had become inharmonious and in 1848 the big bell burst, so the church council decided in 1850 to buy a new bell.
Ringed 1850:
| No. | Surname | Casting date | Caster | diameter
(mm) |
Dimensions
(kg) |
Chime | Art |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little bell | 1717 | Bell foundry Michael Weinhold Dresden | unknown | 680 | a` | bronze |
| 2 | Medium bell | 1850 | Bell foundry Johann Gotthelf Große | 1000 | 540 | it` | bronze |
| 3 | Big bell | 1850 | Bell foundry Johann Gotthelf Große | 1240 | 1080 | g sharp` | bronze |
| 4th | Big bell | 1889 | Bell foundry Johann Gotthelf Große | 1500 | 1530 | c` | bronze |
These bells were used for armaments purposes during the First World War . The bronze bell, which was newly acquired in 1921, was melted down again in 1942 for armament purposes. The fourth bell was made in 1957 by the bell foundry Otto Schilling and Gottfried Lattermann in Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz in the Vogtland (company headquarters in Apolda) from chilled steel.
Ringed 1921:
| No. | Surname | Casting date | Caster | diameter
(mm) |
Dimensions
(kg) |
Chime | Art |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little bell | 1717 | Bell foundry Michael Weinhold Dresden | unknown | 680 | a` | bronze |
| 2 | Medium bell | 1921 | Christian Albert Bierling bell foundry | 821 | 308 | b` | bronze |
| 3 | Big bell | 1921 | Christian Albert Bierling bell foundry | 1000 | 505 | g` | bronze |
| 4th | Big bell | 1921 | Christian Albert Bierling bell foundry | 1250 | 970 | it` | bronze |
Ringed 1957:
| No. | Surname | Casting date | Caster | diameter
(mm) |
Dimensions
(kg) |
Chime | Art |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little bell | 1957 | Bell foundry Schilling & Lattermann | 950 | c '' | Cast steel | |
| 2 | Medium bell | 1957 | Bell foundry Schilling & Lattermann | 1010 | h` | Cast steel | |
| 3 | Big bell | 1957 | Bell foundry Schilling & Lattermann | 1280 | g sharp` | Cast steel | |
| 4th | Big bell | 1957 | Bell foundry Schilling & Lattermann | 1290 | f` | Cast steel |
Ringed 1997:
| No. | Surname | Casting date | Caster | diameter
(mm) |
Dimensions
(kg) |
Chime | Art |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little bell | 1921 | Christian Albert Bierling bell foundry | 821 | 308 | b` | bronze |
| 2 | Medium bell | 1997 | Bell foundry Albert Bachert | 987 | 534 | as` | bronze |
| 3 | Big bell | 1997 | Bell foundry Albert Bachert | 1180 | 930 | f` | bronze |
New church tower building association
The Neuer Kirchturm-Bauverein e. V. continues to exist. While the church tower association, which was founded on April 9, 1866, dissolved again after the church tower was completed, the new association remains active and takes care of the maintenance and preservation of the monument. At that time, donations for a new tower had been collected for over 20 years. The re-establishment was necessary because the 100-year-old tower urgently needed to be renovated. The 52 members of the association accompany the necessary construction work and organize fundraising campaigns. The club logo was designed by the Radeberg graphic designer Wilfried Lumpe, it symbolizes the protective hands surrounding the tower. The city of Radeberg is responsible for maintaining and keeping the green areas around the church building clean.
Church music and singing
Maintaining church music and chanting is an essential part of the Radeberg community life. A cantorey was mentioned in a document as early as the 16th century . Around 1555 the cantor and organist Wenzelslaus Cythatinus is mentioned during the visitation. In the following Johann Hentschel, who in 1667 implemented the new laws of adjuvants for the church choir. His composed works and sheet music were destroyed in the city fire in 1714. In 1791, the cantor and organist Johann Gotthelf Lehmann abolished the chants performed in Latin and ensured that German-language chants were standardized. From 1877 to 1909 Julius Emil Gnauk was church cantor and organist and founded the church choral society that still exists today. An important organist is Christoph Kretzschmar (1668 to 1690; was also church mayor , mayor and organist). In 1797 the position of organist was coupled with that of the girls' school teacher; Christian Gottlob Berger held this position from 1797 to 1823. Berger came from Radeburg and had been a girls' schoolmaster in Radeberg since 1785 . He was the initiator of this coupling, also because of the increased income that this made possible, which, however, was rejected by the then mayor König and could only be implemented after König's death in 1797. After Christian Gottlob Berger's death in 1823, his son Friedrich Ehregott Leberecht Berger continued to hold both offices until 1829.
A Radeberger trombone choir with 17 members has been in existence for over 90 years . In 2010, the Klanghaus association was founded, which works closely with the Radeberger Land parish with the music school of the same name.
literature
- Walter Schlesinger: Church history of Saxony in the Middle Ages. Cologne / Graz 1962, Vol. II, p. 346.
- Parish council i. A. Christine Klaer: Evangelical Lutheran City Church Radeberg "For the Holy Name of God". Konsta-Druck & Werbung, May 2004.
- Ulrich Dähnert: Historical organs in Saxony. Leipzig 1983.
- Traugott Steudel: Saxony Church Gallery. Radeberg, Dresden 1843, published by Hermann Schmidt-Leipzig, Volume 7, p. 49ff.
- The Radeberg Parish. In: New Saxon Church Gallery. Leipzig 1912, p. 47f.
- Building and Art Monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony, Issue 26, Amthauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt. Edited by Cornelius Gurlitt. Verlag Meinhold and Sons, 1904, p. 183.
- Rainer Thümmel: Bells in Saxony. Edited by the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church Office of Saxony, EVA 2011.
- Rainer Thümmel: When the bells pulled into the field. Edited by the Evangelical Lutheran Church Office of Saxony, EVA 2017, ISBN 978-3-374-05203-5 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dr. Gustav Sommerfeldt: The altar in the prayer room of the former castle chapel in Radeberg . Radeberger Zeitung of May 2, 1931; Supplement from home
- ↑ isgv.de/Radeberg manor
- ↑ a b Saxony Church Gallery, Radeberg
- ↑ a b c d e f The parish Radeberg. In: New Saxon Church Gallery.
- ^ Archives of the parish
- ^ Dieter Auerbach: The superintendents in Radeberg in the time from 1822-1926. In: Radeberger Blätter zur Stadtgeschichte , Volume 7 (2009). (Ed. by the city of Radeberg in cooperation with the AG Stadtgeschichte)
- ↑ Building history , accessed on September 7, 2018
- ↑ a b c Parish Representation : Evangelical Lutheran City Church Radeberg
- ^ A b Rainer Thümmel: Bells in Saxony. Ed. Ev.-Luth. State Church Office of Saxony, EVA 2011.
- ↑ Thümmel: When the bells moved into the field.
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 4.2 ″ N , 13 ° 55 ′ 12.9 ″ E