Pushwitz

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Puschwitz (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 51 ° 15 '  N , 14 ° 18'  E
Basic data
State :	Saxony
County :	Bautzen
Management Community :	Neschwitz
Height :	180 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.79 km 2
Residents:	820 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	70 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	02699
Area code :	035933
License plate :	BZ, BIW, HY, KM
Community key :	14 6 25 460
Community structure:	7 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Bahnhofstrasse 1 02699 Neschwitz
Mayor :	Stanislaus Ritscher (Craft Puschwitz)
Location of the municipality of Puschwitz in the Bautzen district

Puschwitz, aerial photo (2017)

Aerial view

Puschwitz , Bóšicy in Upper Sorbian ^{? / i} , is a municipality about twelve kilometers northwest of Bautzen in the Saxon Upper Lusatia . It belongs to the administrative community of Neschwitz and to the Sorbian settlement area in Saxony. A large part of the population, especially in the districts of Jeßnitz, Guhra and Lauske, speaks Sorbian as their mother tongue.

According to its population, Puschwitz is the fifth smallest municipality in Saxony .

Geography and traffic

Puschwitz is located in the center of the Bautzen district . South of the community runs the A 4 . This can be reached via the Salzenforst connection (around eight kilometers). The B 96 runs east of the municipality .

Community structure

The municipality of Puschwitz consists of the following districts (Sorbian names in brackets):

• Guhra ( Hora ), 81 inhabitants
• Jeßnitz ( Jaseńca ), 159 inhabitants
• Lauske ( Łusč ), 89 inhabitants
• Neu-Jeßnitz ( Nowa Jaseńca ), 36 inhabitants
• Neu-Lauske ( Nowy Łusč ), 36 inhabitants
• Neu-Puschwitz ( Nowe Bóšicy ), 50 inhabitants
• Puschwitz ( Bóšicy ), 96 inhabitants
• Wetro ( Wětrow ), 278 inhabitants

history

Puschwitz was first mentioned in 1245 as the manor of Balduwinus de Bisziz ("Balduin von Puschwitz"). It has been parish to Neschwitz since the 16th century ; the place itself is predominantly Evangelical-Lutheran. In 1708, the Puschwitzer Gut was first mentioned as an add-on from four farm estates. From 1780 the landowner - Georg Stiller - had the Neupuschwitz settlement built north of the actual village. Since 1817, lignite has been mined on a small scale in the Puschwitz area by farmers and at the instigation of the Puschwitz and Guhra manors . The heaps near the village bear witness to this to this day. In 1895 a school was opened in Puschwitz, which was initially part of the POS Neschwitz school after the Second World War and was later closed. With the expansion of Wetro and its settlement in the 1950s and 1960s, the community also received its first cultural center in 1955.

During the municipal reform in 1936, the surrounding villages of Guhra , Jeßnitz , Lauske and Wetro were incorporated. Since then there have been no major changes to the area.

population

For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Upper Lusatia, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 244 inhabitants in the 1880s; 204 of them were Sorbs (84%) and 40 Germans. Towards the end of the 19th and in the first half of the 20th century, the population rose sharply due to the industrial development in Puschwitz and Wetro; After 1945, Wetro in particular was greatly expanded. This also had an effect on the linguistic conditions. In 1956 Ernst Tschernik counted a Sorbian-speaking population of only 61.8% in the municipality of Puschwitz. The language change to German was already well advanced, especially in the industrial districts of Wetro and Puschwitz.

The municipality's population has decreased by 40% in the last 50 years. In addition to the general decline in the birth rate, this is primarily due to the decline in large farms such as B. the lignite works Puschwitz and the refractory works Wetro and the associated sharp decline in the most populous district Wetro .

According to the 2011 census , at that time of the 887 inhabitants 432 were Roman Catholic (48.7%), 150 were Protestant (16.9%) and 305 belonged to another or no religious community (34.4%).

economy

Remains of the Puschwitz lignite works

The wind farm near Guhra

The Barchmann pottery, founded in 1729, is located in Puschwitz. In addition, lignite has been mined in the municipality since the 19th century.

With the founding of the Wetro fireclay factory in 1898, industrial development began. After the Second World War, the VEB Braunkohlenwerk Puschwitz resumed lignite mining. However, coal mining was stopped again in the 1960s. Also after 1945, VEB Feuerfestwerke Wetro emerged from the fireclay factory . At the beginning of the 1960s, the construction of the large plant on the road to Neschwitz took place , the chimneys of which are visible from afar. In the meantime, the company had 2,100 employees, around 700 of them in the Puschwitz community. At the same time, a plastic processing plant was set up on the site of the former lignite works. About 300 employees worked there. After the reunification in 1990 most of the jobs in the community were cut. The heaps are now used as a landfill. A wind farm with ten wind turbines was built on the Windmühlenberg near Guhra.

politics

In the mayor elections on January 27, 2008, Stanislaus Ritscher from Jeßnitz , who acted as the administrator of the Wetro landfill after the death of the previous mayor Frithjof Kallenbach, was elected as the new mayor with 97 percent of the votes cast. On November 23, 2014, he was confirmed in office for another seven years with 58 percent of the vote.

The municipal council of Puschwitz currently consists of ten members. The 2019 local elections resulted in the following distribution of votes and seats:

Parties and constituencies	2019		2014		2009
	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats
Craft Puschwitz (HWP)	51.7	5	59.9	6th	43.8	4th
Lusatian electoral association Puschwitz (LWVP)	48.3	5	40.1	4th	35.1	4th
total	100.0	10	100.0	10	100.0	9
voter turnout	66.6%		52.2%		46.7%

Attractions

Listed wayside cross in Guhra

The cultural monuments are listed in the list of cultural monuments in Puschwitz , including typical regional crosses and road stones.

Personalities

• Paul Erich Krawc (also Paul Erich Schneider ; 1907–1995), Sorbian educator and local researcher

education

Nowadays there are no more educational institutions in the community of Puschwitz. The next secondary schools are in Königswartha, Radibor or Ralbitz .

swell

• Western Upper Lusatia between Kamenz and Königswartha (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 51). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-05-000708-7 , pp. 154f.

1. ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019  ( help on this ).
2. ^ Information from the municipal administration in Neschwitz; As of December 31, 2016
3. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 58 .
4. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 246 .
5. ↑ 1964: 1389 inhabitants; 2015: 831 inhabitants
6. ↑ census database on zensus2011.de
7. ↑ Results of the 2019 local elections

Web links

Commons : Puschwitz / Bóšicy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Puschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony