Cunewalde

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′  N , 14 ° 30 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Saxony
County :	Bautzen
Height :	315 m above sea level NHN
Area :	26.65 km 2
Residents:	4593 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	172 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	02733
Area code :	035877
License plate :	BZ, BIW, HY, KM
Community key :	14 6 25 090
Community structure:	4 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Hauptstrasse 19 02733 Cunewalde
Website :	www.cunewalde.de
Mayor :	Thomas Martolock ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Cunewalde in the district of Bautzen

View of Cunewalde and Czorneboh chain from Bieleboh from

Cunewalde ( Upper Sorbian Kumwałd ) is a state-approved resort and a municipality in the Bautzen district . It is located in the middle of the Lusatian mountains between Bautzen and Löbau .

geography

The place Cunewalde lies in the valley of the Cunewalder water between the mountain ranges of the Czorneboh (556 m) with Hromadnik in the north and the Bieleboh (499 m) in the south. It is the longest street village in Germany with a total length of over 11 kilometers.

Community structure

The community of Cunewalde is divided into the districts

• Cunewalde
• Half building
• Schönberg (Sorb. Šumbark )
• Weigsdorf-Köblitz (Wuhančicy-Koblica)

Unofficial districts are u. a. Albert-Schweitzer-Siedlung, Bärhäuser , Frühlingsberg, Klipphausen , Neudorf and Zieglertal .

history

Cunewaldes was founded and expanded as part of the feudal German eastward expansion and colonization in the 13th century, when Franconian and Thuringian settlers came via the Mark Meissen and looked for a new home in the Lusatian mountains . The colonists came in long treks with all their belongings. They found fertile pastures, crystal clear water and forests with rich wood stocks to build their first houses. They settled on the long village stream, in the direction of the mountains to the north and south they planted their fields on both sides of the "Cunewald Water". Each settler received such a narrow strip of land ( hooves ), which could be up to 2.5 km long. It mostly reached from the homestead to the crest of the granite mountains , making Cunewalde a typical forest hoof village .

A certain Henricus de Cunewalde is regarded as the locator of the new settlement , whose brother, Hartwicus de Sprewemberch, became the locator of the Waldhufendorf Spremberg, today Neusalza-Spremberg , on the upper Spree . The brothers must have been influential Bohemian feudal people, since King Wenzel I Premysl (1230–1253) appointed them as guarantors to certify the transfer of ownership of the village and pilgrimage site Jauernick near Ostritz to the St. Marienthal Monastery on June 15, 1242 in Prague . (See P. Döhler 1902, p. 16).

Cunewalde was hardly affected by direct armed conflicts. But on the verge of wars and battles, the population suffered as well. From 1631 to 1633 the plague killed half of the population at that time. The Seven Years War reached its bloody climax in 1758 with the Battle of Hochkirch . The Austrian General Daun used the Cunewald valley basin as a covert deployment area and surprised the Prussians with a sudden attack.

For almost half a millennium the place was a pure farming village. Agriculture and deforestation ensured the existence of the growing number of inhabitants. The craft developed especially after the Thirty Years War . With the support of Bohemian exiles , the linen weaving mill gained a foothold in Cunewalde. The "Cunewalder Leimd" ( canvas ) possessed considerable quality and the best reputation far and wide. In many houses old and young sat at the handloom from morning to night - the wages for their work were meager.

Sorbian was also preached in the Cunewald church until the late 17th century , because a large part of the population spoke Sorbian. For 1680 - after the abolition of the Sorbian church service in Cunewalde - it is documented that Sorbian residents from Cunewalde made use of the Sorbian confession in Hochkirch and Kittlitz . In the 18th century, the German-speaking element increased with the influx of exiles and the use of the Sorbian language slowly decreased. However, the last Sorbian farm was not owned by a German family until 1898.

Towards the end of the 18th century, agriculture and forestry could no longer meet the needs of the Cunewalders. House weaving was carried out on an ever larger scale, which soon resulted in factories and - after the introduction of mechanical looms - factories , of which there were five in Cunewalde alone. Cunewald entrepreneurs were among the first in Upper Lusatia to set up larger weaving rooms and acquire more modern technology. The weaving became more and more a woman's job, while the men worked in the emerging construction industry, including in railway and road construction.

Under the influence of this rapid development, the expansion of the transport connections had to keep pace. A special milestone was the construction of the Großpostwitz – Obercunewalde railway in 1890 . The continuation of the line to Löbau was established in 1928. The entire route was closed in 1998 and is now a cycling and hiking trail.

Until 1876 there were four communities in the Cunewalder Valley. Niedercunewalde, Mittelcunewalde and the Domstiftliche share were combined in 1876 to form a municipality of Cunewalde. Obercunewalde was incorporated into Cunewalde in 1939. In 1976 Schönberg was incorporated . The community Weigsdorf-Köblitz was incorporated on January 1, 1999.

The flood disaster of August 7th and 8th 2010 hit Cunewalde completely. At least 431 households were damaged, 4 bridges made unusable or demolished, several roads and facilities were badly damaged. The state of Saxony has made 5 million euros available for the repair of the flood damage.

Population development

In the census of May 9, 2011, 5017 people lived in the 1386 residential buildings of the municipality. The district of Cunewalde consisted of 977 residential buildings and had 3096 inhabitants; the others lived in Weigsdorf-Köblitz (1617), Schönberg (214) and Halbau (90). The average age was 49.2 years.

politics

Mayor of Cunewalde is Thomas Martolock (CDU). He was last confirmed in office on June 9, 2013 with 98 percent of the votes cast.

City council election 2019

Turnout: 70.59% (2014: 58.9%)

 %

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

40.7%

7.5%

21.9%

25.4%

4.5%

CDU

left

FWVC

AfD

SPD

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

 % p

 30th

 25th

 20th

 15th

 10

   5

   0

  -5

-10

-15

-20

-15.1  % p

-5.0  % p

+ 21.9  % p

+ 25.4  % p

± 0.0  % p

CDU

left

FWVC

AfD

SPD

Municipal council

Since the municipal council election on May 25, 2019 , the 18 seats of the municipal council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:

• CDU : 8 seats
• AfD : 5 seats
• Free Sports Electoral Association (FWV-C): 4 seats
• LEFT : 1 seat

Partnerships

• Town of Donges near Saint-Nazaire , France
• Community Schefflenz in Neckar-Odenwald

Culture and sights

→ Main article : List of cultural monuments in Cunewalde

The village center with the church

• Germany's largest Protestant village church with 2,632 seats and three galleries is located in Cunewalde ; it was built in 1781–1793. In 1817 three large Bohemian crystal chandeliers were procured. They were lit for the first time on Christmas Eve 1817. In 1840 the large 3-manual organ with its 35 stops, built by Christian Friedrich Reiss, was completed. In 1893, the previously 30 meter high tower was raised by 31 meters. The classical design comes from the Dresden architect Christian Friedrich Arnold .
• The oldest stone observation tower in Upper Lusatia, which was built in 1851, stands on the Czorneboh .
• Polenzpark (Cunewalde Castle Park): In 1877 the Obercunewalde manor burned down. At the site of the burned down court, Julius Curt von Polenz had the park laid out in the style of an English garden with small ponds, curved paths, woods and clearings in 1880 according to plans by the royal upper garden director of the Great Garden in Dresden , Hofrat Johann Carl Friedrich Bouché . The memorial stone for the writer Wilhelm von Polenz (1861–1903) is also in Polenzpark - a large granite block with a copper relief.

The castle park is a member of the garden culture trail on both sides of the Neisse . This improves the possibilities of care ( park seminars ) and the prospects for funding and tourist development.

• In the immediate vicinity of the community center, a half- timbered house park was created. On a scale of 1: 5, you can see partly demolished, but also still existing replicas of unusual timber frame houses.
• Cunewalde is one of the villages in which an above-average number of half-timbered houses have been authentically preserved - the current state of preservation ranges from exemplary renovated to acutely threatened. Furthermore, there is a very large number of houses which, mainly during the GDR era, were difficult to recognize as former half-timbered houses due to renovations by the owners that were not in accordance with listed buildings (in particular the removal of the surrounding area and the block room on the ground floor). Even after the fall of the Wall, some buildings were lost due to demolition due to vacancies and flood damage. Since 1955, the number of half-timbered houses in Cunewalde has almost halved from over 300 to around 170 today. The village image is still very intact, especially near the village church.

Memorials

• Grave site in the local cemetery for a Ukrainian Soviet citizen who was abducted to Germany during the Second World War and a victim of forced labor . Because of his relationship with a German girl, he was publicly hanged in front of 300 forced laborers in 1942 and initially buried outside the cemetery
• Memorial stone on the edge of the forest of the Schönberg corridor border in memory of a Soviet prisoner of war who was murdered by members of the Wehrmacht in May 1945 . The deceased was later buried in the Kottmarsdorfer cemetery.

Sports

In the Weigsdorf-Köblitz district there is the “ Matschenberg Offroad Arena ” race track, a motorsport facility where the DMSB European ( FIA award) and German autocross and German rallycross championships are held.

education

The municipality of Cunewalde has a primary school (in Weigsdorf-Köblitz) and the Wilhelm-von-Polenz-Oberschule.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• 2015: Günter Weickert (1941–2018), 1981 to 1999 mayor of Cunewalde

Persons connected to Cunewalde

• Carl Friedrich Wilhelm August von Ziegler and Klipphausen (around 1770–1841), manor owner, member of the state parliament
• Wilhelm von Polenz (1861–1903), writer
• Richard Rösch (1874–1936), local politician
• Johann Georg Schubert (1684–1730), Evangelical Lutheran pastor and hymn poet, born in Weigsdorf
• Ernst August Schwerdtner (1845–1923), director of the royal Saxon teachers' college in Annaberg
• Günter Mieth (1931–2013), Germanist and literary historian who taught at the University of Leipzig

literature

• P (aul) Döhler: The documents ... for St. Marienthal . In: Neues Lausitzisches Magazin (NLM), Volume 78, Görlitz 1902
• Alexander Fischer: Faded splendor of a park creation. Cunewalde Castle Park, in: Ernst Panse (Ed.): Park guide through Upper Lusatia. Lusatia Published by Bautzen 1999; Pp. 195-199; ISBN 3-929091-56-9 .
• Lutz Mohr : Neusalza-Spremberg. A small town in Upper Lusatia. Highlights from history and legend . Special edition No. 1/2012 of the series: History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg. Greifswald u. Neusalza-Spremberg 2012
• Cornelius Gurlitt : Cunewalde. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 34. Issue: Official Authority Löbau . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1910, p. 81.

Web links

Commons : Cunewalde  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Manors and castles in the Kingdom of Saxony: Ober-Cunewalde  - sources and full texts

Wikisource: Manors and castles in the kingdom of Saxony: Nieder-Cunewalde  - sources and full texts

Wikisource: Manors and castles in the kingdom of Saxony: Weigsdorf  - sources and full texts

• Cunewalde
• Cunewalde in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Castle park on the homepage of the garden culture path on both sides of the Neisse

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019  ( help on this ).
2. ^ Frido Mětšk : On the question of the German-Sorbian language borders of the 16th century in the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia and in the Stolpen office. In: Lětopis, Series B, No. 7 (1960), Ludowe nakładnistwo Domowina, Budyšin 1960, pp. 83–132.
3. ^ Klaus Theodor Henke: Church building and sacred art in Upper Lusatia. Oberlausitzer Verlag, Spitzkunnersdorf 2011, ISBN 978-3-941908-28-4 , p. 70
4. ↑ Between Strohmberg, Czorneboh and Kottmar (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 24). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1974, p. 102.
5. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
6. ↑ Cunewalde municipality: Municipal council meeting on September 15, 2010. Item 3: Preliminary status report on the damage balance of the August flood from August 7, 2010 and current implementation of aid programs. (PDF; 11.7 MB) August 15, 2010, accessed on September 23, 2018 . 
7. ↑ 2011 census - Cunewalde municipality
8. ↑ Results of the 2019 municipal council elections
9. ↑ Communication and Public Relations Department: Election Results - sachsen.de. Retrieved October 12, 2019 . 
10. ^ Cunewalde village church , accessed on October 27, 2013.
11. ↑ Homepage garden culture path on both sides of the Neisse, members and cooperation partners , accessed on June 4, 2018
12. ↑ Cunewalde mourns the loss of the former mayor and first honorary citizen , Sächsische Zeitung, September 18, 2018