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Solln with its boundaries as a district (roughly the old municipal boundary), city district (until 1992) and district part (from 1992)

Solln is the southernmost district of Munich . The municipality, which was independent until 1938, is now part of the district 19 Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Fürstenried-Solln . The site is marked by a historic village, two originally sold Villenkolonien which is partially located in Solln Prince Ludwig height of the turn of the 20th century and the villa colony Solln from the early 20th century, and the Park City Solln , a large housing estate in the 1960 / 70s.

Because of the high land prices in the district, Solln is increasingly losing its villa character. In the course of densification , densely built-up condominiums in the upper price segment are increasingly being built in place of the old mansions. "The upper middle class with an above-average proportion of academics lives in Solln."

geography

Geographical location

Solln is located in the Munich gravel plain on the southern outskirts of Munich, about two to three kilometers west of the Isar valley and covers an area of ​​around 550 hectares . In the southwest, Solln borders the forest area of ​​the Forstenrieder Park . The landscape is slightly hilly to the south. There is the Warnberg, the highest point in Munich ( 580.5  m above sea  level ).

District structure

The former village center of Solln lies around a north-south line, which is formed by the old Sollner church and Wilhelm-Leibl-Platz. To the south of this is the Warnberg district with the Solln forest cemetery and a former castle estate . The villa colony of Solln lies in the northeast of the village center . A sub-center is located between the village center and the villa colony in the area between the school on Herterichstrasse and the Catholic parish church .

To the west and northwest there is a transition to Parkstadt Solln, which has a sub-center on Drygalski-Allee between Gulbranssonstraße and Stockmannstraße opposite the DEBA high-rise. To the east is part of the Prinz-Ludwigs-Höhe villa colony in the Sollner area.

Neighboring districts and communities

On the Munich city limits, Solln borders in the southeast on the Großhesselohe district of the municipality of Pullach , in the south on the core of Pullach and in the southwest on the community-free area of ​​Forstenrieder Park. Within the city, Solln borders the districts of Forstenried in the west, Obersendling in the north and Thalkirchen in the east.

The border between today's Solln and Forstenried district runs along Drygalski-Allee and Herterichstraße to the west, north of the district sports facility to Waterloostraße on the east side along the city limits. The border to Obersendling is formed by the Stäblistraße, Lochhamer Straße, Hauschildstraße, Wilbrechtstraße, Becker-Gundahl-Straße, and that to Thalkirchen is first the Munich – Holzkirchen railway and then the Ascholdinger Straße, Josephinenstraße, Großhesseloher Straße, Heilmannstraße. The border to Forstenrieder Park and Pullach corresponds to the city limits of Munich and runs roughly along the edge of the forest, meets Wolfratshauser Strasse south of the St. Gabriel Monastery, continues across the forest, west of Pullacher Wettersteinstrasse and Rosenstrasse under the railway junction through and east the Knotestrasse.

However, this only roughly corresponds to the original municipality boundaries and has been smoothed out by rounding off . The old municipal boundaries correspond more to those of the Solln district or the former district of Solln . After that, for example, the development west of the southern section of Drygalski-Allee (e.g. the DEBA high-rise) also belonged to Solln.

history

Historical map of Solln, 1809

In the area of ​​today's Solln was in the early Bronze Age in the 17th or 16th century BC. A group of graves was laid out, of which that of a woman was found in 1972 and that of a man in the following year. The corpses were interred in a crouched position ; the woman was adorned with bronze jewelry, a pin and two bracelets as grave goods . Even earlier finds are only available from the area around Solln, such as two stone axes from the Neolithic Age on the other bank of the Isar and a grave field from the Bell Beaker period in Sendling .

From the Hallstatt period around 750 to 500 BC A burial mound is preserved in Solln. It is located on private property east of the railway line between Solln train station and Beuerberger Straße. Three hills immediately adjacent were leveled. The Latène , Roman and Bavarian periods cannot be traced in Solln. Count Warin is indirectly associated with Solln from the 8th century , because a dowry will have fallen to him through his marriage to the family of the Bavarian Duke Odilo and thus one of several explanations for the name of Warnberg is derived.

Solln was first in a document of 1005 benediktbeuern abbey under the name of Solon mentioned what wallow means and probably points to pools of water in the area in which wild boar wallowing.

Old Sollner Church

During the Thirty Years' War , Solln was devastated by the Swedish troops in 1632 after Gustav Adolph invaded Munich. The church was spared because the soldiers used it as a stable for horses. At the Sendlinger Murder Christmas 1705, the insurgents stopped in Solln and there they received the news that their plan had been betrayed. In 1715, the Bavarian Elector Max Emanuel laid out the extensive deer hunting park , which also included a western part of Solln and which existed until 1745. In 1818 the community of Solln was founded in the course of the second community edict from the village of Solln and the desert of Warnberg.

The population increased only slowly until the last quarter of the 19th century. Since 1691 there was a private country school in Solln, which was operated continuously until 1835. Schooling was compulsory from 1802/3 . It is not known where the school took place before 1802, but the dance hall of the Schützenlust inn on today's Herterichstr. utilized. The Sollner School was closed in 1835, the reasons are unknown. The children first had to walk to the Thalkirchen school , which had existed since 1686 , which meant a trip to school of approximately two hours in each direction. Since 1839, the Sollner children have been able to go to school in Fürstenried , which is a little closer . Own lessons in a public school for the first time under the responsibility of the municipal administration began again in 1871 in a former farm at today's Herterichstrasse, until a school was established in the small farmhouse at Kurzbauerstrasse 17 in 1872 .

The upswing began with the construction of the Isar Valley Railway in 1890, because it had a stop at Prinz-Ludwigshöhe , which made the Isar Valley and the village of Solln a popular excursion destination for the urban population. In 1896 a second stop was added with the Solln stop on the Munich – Holzkirchen railway line . After the villa colony Prinz-Ludwigs-Höhe had already arisen on the Isar high bank, which belongs to Thalkirchen , the villa colony Solln (originally called Wilhelmshöhe) has now emerged west of the railway line . At first it was separated from the village by fields, but then grew to the southwest towards the village center. The way of life of the urban residents of the villa colony differed significantly from the village center, which was still characterized by a village. In particular, at the beginning of the 20th century, numerous well-known artists lived in the "artist colony". With the Herterich School from 1911, the community received a schoolhouse specially built for this purpose for the first time. The fire station behind the school dates from 1921, but the volunteer fire brigade has existed since 1873, their first small fire station was on the corner of Kurzbauerstrasse and Bertelestrasse.

On December 1, 1938, Solln was incorporated into Munich together with Allach, Ludwigsfeld, Obermenzing and Untermenzing . During the Third Reich , both well-known staunch supporters and opponents of National Socialism lived in Solln . Adolf Hitler was here regularly on birthday visits to Hermine Hoffmann, an elderly woman with whom he had been on friendly terms since the First World War and who was therefore also called the “Hitler mother” among the people. The writer Werner Bergengruen , a representative of inner emigration , lived in Solln at that time, but also the writer Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer and the sculptor Karl Lösche , who actively supported National Socialism. The pastor at the time, Josef Hahner, was an opponent of the National Socialists and in 1945 hid a resident of Solln of Jewish origin in the parsonage for several months. Parts of Solln were badly damaged during the Second World War .

Parkstadt Solln

After the Second World War, gaps in the villa colony were closed with modern apartment buildings, although the character of a garden city was largely retained. Due to the housing shortage in the 1960s, the Parkstadt Solln was built on former agricultural land between Solln and Forstenried from 1965 , a satellite settlement with multi-storey apartment blocks and high-rise buildings in keeping with the zeitgeist of the time. It is traversed by the wide, car-friendly Drygalski-Allee, which was originally supposed to be continued in an arc to Warnberg and connected to the main road to Wolfratshausen, but this was never realized.

In 1992 Solln, which until then had been a separate district with the number 36, became part of the newly formed district 19 Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Fürstenried-Solln . As with the incorporation into Munich in 1938, there was also resistance to the amalgamation of the new city district. Several thousand signatures were collected from the Solln shall remain Solln campaign, and afterwards even efforts were made to negotiate.

Population development

In 1808 Solln had 237 inhabitants and 43 houses. In 1875 there were 468 inhabitants. With the construction of the villa colony, the population increased almost fivefold by 1919 (2177 inhabitants). In 1938, when it was incorporated into Munich, Solln had a population of over 4,600. With the construction of the Parkstadt Solln, the population rose from around 10,000 to just under 17,000 between 1963 and 1968. From 1970 to the late 1990s, the population remained stable at around 20,000.

religion

Catholic parish church of St. Johann Baptist

As in many Bavarian communities, the religious affiliation of the Sollner population was almost exclusively Catholic until the end of the 19th century (1875: 95.3%). Due to the influx, the proportion of the Protestant population grew to 28.7% by 1925.

Roman Catholic

The church has probably been in the center of the village since the beginning of the village of Solln. The current construction of the old St. Johann Baptist Church (Herterich- / Bleibtreustraße) dates in part from the 15th century. With the creation of the villa colony around 1900, the old church became too small. In 1905 the new parish church of St. Johann Baptist on Fellererplatz was given its intended purpose. It was not until 1920 that Solln was raised to an independent parish, after it had received pastoral care for many centuries from the original parish of Sendling and, since 1875, from Pullach . The first pastor was Peter Fellerer for 10 years until his death in 1930, after whom the square in front of the church is named. The construction of a youth home in 1954, the kindergarten in 1957 and the parish home in 1975 strengthened the community life. The extension of the parish home with its own youth area instead of the old youth home was completed in 2015.

The creation of the Parkstadt Solln made it necessary to set up a new pastoral care center in 1965, which was named after Saint Ansgar . Community life first developed in a barrack, then in a first part of the building with a kindergarten and a parish hall. In 1975 the new church center was moved into together with the Protestant Parkstadtgemeinde. The church with its open roof structure is on the upper floor.

The parish of St. Ansgar with around 2,300 Catholics and the parish of St. Johann Baptist with around 5,800 Catholics have formed the Catholic Parish Association of Solln since May 2005.

Evangelical Lutheran

Parkstadt Solln Ecumenical Church Center

The Evangelical Lutheran Christians in Solln originally belonged to the Assumption Church of Sendling. At the instigation of the Protestant Association of Solln, founded in 1914, an independent congregation was set up in 1919 and the Apostle Church was built in 1922, initially as a wooden structure. The present church was built in 1961, and in 1986 the parish rooms were expanded by an extension. The Sollner Kantorei , which was founded in the 1960s, is known nationwide and also performs in large concert halls abroad.

The number of people moving to the new Parkstadt Solln almost doubled, which is why it was divided into two parish districts in 1967 and a community hall was rented in the Parkstadt shop center. In 1975 the ecumenical community center of Parkstadt was opened, the Protestant part - only named Petruskirche in 1984 - wall to wall with the Catholic Church of St. Ansgar.

The Apostle Church parish has around 5,300 parishioners, around 2,000 of them in the Petrussprengel.

Since April 2014 the seat of the Vice Dean's Office Munich-South has been in the municipality.

Culture and sights

Theaters and museums

The Iberl stage , a popular theater , was founded in the Iberl restaurant in 1966 . The theater had its venue in Solln for almost 50 years, until the ensemble moved away. In 2014, the Sollner Kultbühne was founded in the Iberl restaurant as a district theater with music, cabaret and theater programs by the tenant Sibylla Abenteuer. The restaurant and stage were closed again in summer 2019.

The Geiger Archive is located in the former studio of the painter and sculptor Rupprecht Geiger , which manages his artistic estate and offers public tours of the archive rooms several times a year.

Buildings

The old village center is a listed building as an ensemble. There is the one from the 15./17. The old Sollner church dating back to the 19th century , the Sollner Hof inn built in 1892 and other heritage-protected farmhouses and houses.

Former Hubertus pharmacy

The core of the manor house of Gut Warnberg dates from 1667. Today there is a private secondary school on the estate. The Waldfriedhof Solln has a listed cemetery building built by Bruno Biehler in 1936 and is the burial place of many well-known personalities.

The villa colony of Solln is characterized by numerous listed villas from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The early buildings in the center of the villa colony include the representative Gasthaus zum Hirschen and the neoclassical former Hubertus pharmacy . To the north of this is the Sollner Column , a wayside shrine created by Balthasar Schmitt in 1911 on Sollner Strasse .

In the sub-center between the old village center and the villa colony is the neo-baroque Catholic parish church of St. Johann Baptist , built by Franz Rank in 1905 , next to it the parsonage and to the south the elementary school . The church, rectory and school were designed by the same architect and form a stylistic ensemble. Not far from the parish church is the Solln cemetery with a neo-Romanesque cemetery building from 1880. The Evangelical Apostle Church, built in 1961 by Gustav Gsaenger , is located southeast of the sub-center in Konrad-Witz-Strasse .

By far the largest and tallest building in Parkstadt Solln is the 20-story DEBA high-rise on Drygalski-Allee. It was built in 1971, actually planned as a hotel for the 1972 Summer Olympics , and is used as an apartment building with a row of shops on the ground floor. Also in Parkstadt is the ecumenical church center Parkstadt Solln , built by Ernst Maria Lang in 1975 , which houses the Catholic Church of St. Ansgar and the Evangelical Church of St. Peter.

See also: List of architectural monuments in Solln

Green spaces and recreation

Sollner pond in the old village center

In the south, the large forest area of ​​the Forstenrieder Park offers opportunities for local recreation. In the east, the renatured river landscape of the Isar near Thalkirchen, Großhesselohe and Pullach is not far.

Sports

With the TSV Solln (founded in 1931) Solln has a sports club with eleven different departments. The club colors are black and white. On July 1, 2012, TSV took over the previous district sports facility on Herterichstrasse at the west end of Sollns.

The riding club Corona at Muttenthalerstraße 31 is the second largest riding club in Munich. It was founded in 1970 on the site of the former Jauß trotter stud.

societies

Evangelical Association Munich-Solln

The Protestant Association Solln (later Munich-Solln) was founded on July 13, 1914 in the Gasthaus zum Hirschen . The introduction of religious education (implemented in 1915), an independent parish (1919) and its own church (1922) for Solln were the first goals of the association. Then the association took on diaconal tasks with a focus on nursing and care for the elderly. In 1942 the association was subordinated to the Inner Mission Munich. The association employed up to around 20 full-time and voluntary employees. In 1997 the number of members reached the previous maximum of 555. In 2011 his Diakoniestation merged with the Diakoniestation Martha Maria Pullach / Solln . The Evangelical Association is no longer the sponsor, but continues to support it, as well as the child and family work of the Protestant parish in Sollns, with which it traditionally cooperates closely.

scout

Solln owns two of the largest Munich scout groups, the BdP-Stamm Albatros eV in the Federation of Pathfinders eV (BdP) in Alt-Solln (Wolfratshauser Straße 151 / founded in 1965) and the DPSG-Stamm Sankt Ansgar of the German Scouting Association Sankt Georg (DPSG ) in the Parkstadt Solln (Catholic parish Sankt Ansgar / founded 1982), each with over 120 members.

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

In the south of Solln, the Alkor-Werke, which produce plastic products, were founded in 1935. At the end of the 1990s, the company had around 800 employees and sales of over 350 million D-Marks . In 1997 the company was taken over by the Belgian group Solvay . It was later sold to the Renolit concern and fully integrated into it in 2012. In 2012, 365 people were still employed at the Solln location.

The bene-Arzneimittel company has been located in Herterichstrasse since 1962, producing pharmaceuticals for Germany and abroad. The company, founded by Wilhelm Benend in 1917, is known for the German market launch of paracetamol (under the name ben-u-ron ) in 1959. In 2012, it had more than 100 employees.

traffic

The Solln stop is on the Munich – Holzkirchen railway line , where the S7 and S20 lines of the Munich S-Bahn and some regional trains stop. Bundesstrasse 11 ( Wolfratshauser Strasse ) runs through Solln .

Personalities

Well-known people born in Solln are the actor Curd Jürgens and the Nobel laureate in chemistry, Ernst Otto Fischer .

Also connected with Solln are many well-known people who were not born there, but lived in Solln for a long time or stayed there repeatedly, including many artists and scientists.

A well-known personality from earlier history is the Jesuit and poet Jacob Balde , who repeatedly stayed at the Warnberg Castle in the 17th century and was inspired to praise the Isar Valley on his walks there.

Albert Welti and Carl von Marr are among the best-known artists who moved here from the early days of the “Solln Artists' Colony” . From Gebhard Fugel , Balthasar Schmitt , Carl Johann Becker-Gundahl and Karl Delete today testify sculptures and other works of art in Solln Sollner and in churches.

The folk singer Weiß Ferdl was a Bavarian original. He lived in Solln and was often inspired for his plays by Solln, which he described as "a single farmer's theater".

Georg Maier , author, director, actor and innkeeper is one of the well-known people who are still alive . In 1966 he leased the Iberl restaurant and founded the Volkstheater Iberl-Bühne there.

See also: List of Sollner personalities

literature

  • Hermann Sand , Ingrid Sand: Solln . The neighborhood book. inma Marketing GmbH Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-923395-12-4 .
  • Hermann Sand, Ingrid Sand: Sollner G'schichten . inma Marketing GmbH Verlag, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-9807310-3-0 .
  • Denis A. Chevalley, Timm Weski: State Capital Munich - Southwest (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.2 / 2 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-87490-584-5 .
  • Bernhard Marx: St. Johann Baptist Solln 1905-2005 . inma Marketing GmbH Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-9809307-5-0 .
  • Dorle Gribl : Solln in the years 1933–1945 . Volk Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-937200-08-8 .
  • Dorle Gribl: Solln and the Prince Ludwigshöhe . Villas and their residents. Volk Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-86222-043-4 .
  • Hermann Sand: Sollner booklets . inma Marketing GmbH Verlag, Munich ( sollner-hefte.de ).

Web links

Commons : Solln  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • Solln - Information on the Internet portal of the City of Munich

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Demography Solln . In: muenchen.de, the official city portal. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
  2. ↑ State Capital Munich - Municipal Department - Land Surveying Office: City District District Munich . Map on a scale of 1: 40,000, as of November 2007
  3. ^ Heinrich Loy-Birzer: The original mother of Solln . In: Hermann and Ingrid Sand (eds.): Solln - Das Stadtviertelbuch . Inma Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-923395-12-4 , page 24.
  4. ^ A b Theodor Körner: Prehistory and Early History Solln , Sollner Hefte 19, inma Verlag, Munich 1999, page 3 ff.
  5. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book. 1999, p. 27
  6. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book . 1999, p. 30 f., 97
  7. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book . 1999, p. 120
  8. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 601 .
  9. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book. 1999, pp. 30, 117
  10. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book. 1999, p. 118
  11. ↑ Vice Dean of Munich South. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Lutheran Dean's Office, Munich, archived from the original on December 19, 2015 ; Retrieved December 3, 2015 .
  12. ↑ http://archiv-geiger.de
  13. ^ TSV Solln Chronicle. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 20, 2015 ; Retrieved July 23, 2012 .
  14. ↑ Handover of the sports facility on July 1, 2012. Accessed on December 3, 2015 .
  15. ^ Andreas Leikert: Reitverein Corona: Chronicle. Retrieved December 3, 2015 .
  16. ^ BdP Stamm Albatros eV: Homepage. Retrieved July 30, 2012 .
  17. ^ DPSG Stamm Sankt Ansgar: Homepage. Retrieved July 30, 2012 .
  18. ↑ Sand: Solln. The neighborhood book. 1999, p. 126
  19. ↑ KunststoffWeb.de: Renolit: Alkor daughters merged with the mother. http://www.kunststoffweb.de/ki_ticker/Renolit_Alkor-Toechter_auf_die_Mutter_verschmolzen_t222240 (accessed on July 22, 2012).
  20. ↑ a b bene-Arzneimittel: Company history with substance (accessed on December 3, 2015)
  21. ↑ US Mantzke, AM Brambink: Paracetamol in childhood. ( Memento of the original from May 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The anesthesiologist, edition 9-2002 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / resources.metapress.com
  22. ^ Sand: Sollner G'schichten. 2002, p. 28

Coordinates: 48 ° 5 '  N , 11 ° 31'  E