Bruno Biehler

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Bruno Alexander Biehler (born July 19, 1884 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; † March 24, 1966 in Munich ) was a German skiing pioneer and later worked as an architect mainly in Munich, Upper Bavaria and Linz .

Life

Bruno Biehler's parents were the Freiburg merchant Rudolf Biehler and Lina Biehler, nee. Groenewald, from Pyrmont, who ran a clothing store on Kaiserstrasse . His brother Rudolf Biehler was born on April 18, 1882 in Freiburg and was later also a well-known skier, he became a doctor and died in the First World War.

From the summer semester 1907 to the winter semester 1909/10 Bruno Biehler was enrolled at the Technical University of Munich in the subject of architecture. " Mosaic " is noted as religious affiliation in the student register.

He then worked first for Theodor Fischer , then for city architect Karl Höpfel on the new construction of the Maximiliansgymnasium .

After passing the 2nd state examination, Biehler undertook a one and a half year trip through Asia. Starting in November 1913 in Trieste with the steamer Africa , he visited Ceylon, India, Burma, Java, China and Japan and returned to Freiburg with the Trans-Siberian Railway via Moscow in June 1914. He made more than 600 black and white slides of buildings, the landscape and the local population on 9 × 12 cm glass plates, which have been preserved in his estate (for a selection see web links and exhibition catalog). On May 11, 1914, he managed what was probably the first single-handed winter ascent of Mount Fuji , which was also documented with photos.

The First World War began shortly after returning from Asia. Bruno Biehler was a platoon leader in the 1st Bavarian Snowshoe Battalion of the German Alpine Corps .

After the end of the war, the registration from Freiburg to Munich took place in 1919. According to the birth register, he was married twice, his first wife in 1928 was Johanna Neresheimer, who came from a Munich goldsmith and jeweler dynasty, and the second marriage took place in 1947 in Bad Wiessee .

In Munich he was a member of the Rotary Club (founded in 1928, removal of Jewish members from the card index in 1933, self-dissolution in 1937, re-establishment in 1949).

In addition to architecture, winter and mountain sports and photography, Biehler was also drawn to painting and drawing and made music with his friend Carl Orff . He also had a close friendship with the landscape planner Alwin Seifert .

Skier

Like his brother, Bruno Biehler was initially a member of the Freiburg Ski Club. Both later (Bruno 1904) joined the Academic Ski Club Freiburg, founded in 1903. In 1908 he was the overall winner of the first German Championships in Nordic Combined (individual military patrol competition), also in 1909. At the 1st Austrian Ski Jumping Championships in 1907, the brothers Rudolf and Bruno Biehler as well as Viktor Sohm from Bregenz and Dr. Karl Gruber from Munich did a sensational double jump from the Schattbergschanze in Kitzbühel . At the first Allgäu ski championships in 1910, still on the old Oberstdorf ski jump on the Halden , the predecessor of the Schattenbergschanze (today Erdinger Arena ), Bruno Biehler became champion in jumping with 21 meters and since 1909 he also held the hill record with 22 m.

In 1905/06 Bruno Biehler joined the Academic Ski Club Munich (ASCM, also Asem; founded as the academic section of the Black Forest Ski Club , most of the founding members came from a circle of friends in Freiburg im Breisgau ; Fritz Todt was also a member of ASCM) and was chairman its hut association. According to his design, the Grünseehütte (today's Uli-Wieland -Hütte of ASCM near the Grünsee in the Spitzingsee area) was created for the association .

architect

Gebirgsjägerdenkmal on the Grünten
Neufriedenheim
Christ Church Munich-Neuhausen
Lobby of the iodine-sulfur bath in Bad Wiessee , 1935

After his studies and a traineeship in the public building administration, Bruno Biehler passed the 2nd state examination to become a government architect. However, he soon became self-employed and worked freelance in Munich in the 1920s and 1930s. By the end of the 1920s at the latest, he was also a member of the Association of German Architects (BDA). From around 1938 onwards, Biehler and other Munich architects worked under the direction of Reich Building Councilor Roderich Fick on the construction of the so-called “Führer Settlement” in the Upper Austrian “ Führerstadt ” Linz (“ Fuhrer's godfather ”).

Buildings (selection)

  • 1917: Military cemetery of the " Jägerregiment 3 " - the first German mountain troop part of the Old Army - in the Vaser Valley ( Wassertal ) in the northern Romanian Carpathians , between Miraj and Macârlau near the town of Marmaros Sziget (created with the help of the wood sculptor Wilhelm Math from Oberstdorf and the Painter Hermann Grosselfinger from Hindelang ; like Biehler, they had belonged to the "Jägerregiment 3").
  • 1921–1924: Gebirgsjäger monument 1914–18 in memory of the 3,000 fallen members of the 3rd Jägerregiment on the Übelhorn, the main summit of the Grünten . The stone tower on a base of five meters in diameter with a memorial hall inside is inspired by Buddhist Lhathos in Tibet. The memorial was erected by the mountain troops themselves; the quarry stones were brought up the mountain with the help of mules .
  • 1922–1923: Munich, Georgenstrasse 4 ( Maxvorstadt ). Increase in the northern rear building of a villa originally built by August Thiersch 1892-94 in the neo-renaissance style (seat of Piper Verlag ; with the main building under monument protection, D-1-62-000-2086)
  • 1923–24: Reit im Winkl's first ski jumping hill ( Steinbachschanze ) was built; it already enabled distances of up to 45 meters.
  • 1923–1924: War memorial chapel 1914–18 in Reit im Winkl , above the village on the Hausberghang
  • 1928-1930: " settlement Peace Home " (also called "Neufriedenheim") in Munich (under monument protection )
    settlement of social housing of the Weimar Republic ; The shielding external development of the settlement planned by Biehler was later continued by Roderich Fick and Alwin Seifert .
  • 1933–1934: Biehler house, Munich
  • 1933–1935: Wandelhalle with concert and theater hall of the iodine-sulfur bath Wiessee , Adrian-Stoop-Straße 37 and the pump house, Adrian-Stoop-Straße 39 (all buildings under monument protection; D-1-82-111-35)
  • from 1935: Model housing estate at Möslewald , Freiburg im Breisgau, between Hansjakobstraße and Möslewald / Oberrieder Straße (1st prize in the architectural competition of the builder Siedlungsgesellschaft Freiburg; execution under Biehler's artistic direction by a working group of six award-winning draftsmen, alongside Biehler Alfred Giese, Paul Rittershausen, Alfred Wolf, Philipp Müller, Gregor Schroeder , all from Freiburg)
  • 1935–1936: Gebirgsjäger barracks ( Prinz-Heinrich-Kaserne ) in Lenggries , district Wasenstein, Gebirgsjägerstraße 15; for the army construction administration, with Karl Erdmannsdorffer (under monument protection; D-1-73-135-213; planned to be converted into a fun sport center by 2014)
  • 1936: Cemetery building in Waldfriedhof Solln , Warnbergstrasse 2, for the community of Solln (now part of Munich) (under monument protection, D-1-62-000-7339), see list of architectural monuments in Bad Wiessee
  • 1936–1937: Evangelical Lutheran Peace Church with rectory, Bad Wiessee , Kirchenweg 6 (under monument protection; D-1-82-111-10)
  • 1937–1938: Gebirgsjägerkaserne Bischofswiesen
  • 1938: Order to build one of the first modern tow-ski lifts in Germany, on the Iseler near Oberjoch / Hindelang (not completed until the end of 1942 due to the war)
  • 1940–1943: Parts of the “Bachlfeld” housing estate in Linz- Urfahr : In Bachlfeld 22–38c, originally planned as Block IX of the “Führer Housing”. The house numbers 30–38c (even numbers) have been under monument protection since October 15, 2009, see the list of listed objects in Linz-Urfahr
  • 1940–1942: Parts of the Harbach settlement in Linz-Urfahr and Pöstlingberg: Leonfeldner Strasse 66–92 (even house numbers); The house numbers 66–130b (even numbers) have been under monument protection since October 15, 2009, see list of listed objects in Linz-Pöstlingberg
  • 1948 or earlier: cemetery expansion for Elbach and Irschenberg
  • 1949–1950: Prinzregenten-Lichtspiele (cinema), Munich-Bogenhausen (together with architect Schwarzkopf; today supermarket)
  • 1953: Simplified reconstruction of the Evangelical Lutheran Christ Church in Munich-Neuhausen , Dom-Pedro-Platz 4, originally built in 1899/1900 according to plans by Erich Göbel von Heilmann & Littmann , heavily damaged by bombs and fire in the Second World War ; under monument protection, see list of architectural monuments in Neuhausen (Munich)
  • 1957–1958: Ufa -Peterhof-Lichtspiele (cinema), Munich, Marienplatz 22, 1st floor; together with Herbert Korn (not preserved; from 1958 restaurant and high café Peterhof, today the Hugendubel bookstore is there )

drafts

literature

  • Rudi Biehler, Florian Biehler (Eds.): Bruno Biehler: Architect - Photographer - Mountaineer. Photographs from a trip to Asia 1913-14 . Catalog book for the exhibition from June 27 to July 17, 2013. Gallery P13 at Carl Weishaupt, Munich 2013.
  • Bernhard Villinger : Masters of snowshoeing: their life, their training, their successes . Marquardt, Heilbronn 1928.
  • Günter Meißner (Ed.): General artist lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples , Volume 10. KG Saur, Munich / Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-598-22740-X , p. 536.
  • Bavarian Architects and Engineers Association V. (Ed.): Munich and its buildings after 1912. Bruckmann, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-7654-1915-X , p. 176.
  • City of Munich, Culture Department (Ed.), Ulrike Haerendel: KulturGeschichtsPfad. District 25. Laim. Munich no year
    chapter: “In Laim at home - a bike tour to housing estates and workplaces”, p. 42/43 (with further references). Online text here: [2] (PDF; 1.5 MB)
  • Bruno Biehler et al .: The forest cemetery of the Jäger Regiment 3 in the Carpathians near Macarlau near Marmaros Sziget. Edited by the regiment. for comrades and relatives of the fallen. Callwey, Munich, 1918.
  • Helmut Weihsmann: Building under the swastika . Promedia, Vienna 1998, ISBN 978-3-853711132 .
  • Winfried Nerdinger , Inez Florschütz: Architecture of the child prodigies: Awakening and displacement in Bavaria 1945–1960 . Pustet, Regensburg 2005.
  • Winfried Nerdinger, Katharina Blohm: Building under National Socialism: Bavaria, 1933–1945 . Klinkhardt & Biermann, Munich 1993.
  • Monika Lerch-Stumpf [University of Television and Film Munich] (ed.): New paradises for cinema addicts: Munich cinema history 1945 to 2007 . Dölling and Galitz, Munich and Hamburg 2008.
  • Hans-Peter Rasp: A city for a thousand years: Munich, buildings and projects for the capital of movement . Süddeutscher Verlag, Munich 1981.

Web links

Commons : Bruno Biehler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erich Scheibmayer: Who? When? Where? Personalities in Munich cemeteries . 1989.
  2. ↑ a b c civil status information from the city of Freiburg im Breisgau
  3. ^ Technical University of Munich, Historical Archive: Personnel at the Technical University of Munich, years 1902–1911.
  4. ↑ Festschrift for the 75th anniversary of the winter sports club Reit im Winkl  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.wsv-reitimwinkl.de  
  5. ^ History of the Carl Weishaupt company ( Memento of the original from September 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / cweishaupt.com
  6. ↑ Stadtarchiv München (ed.), Andreas Burgmaier: Häuserbuch der Stadt München , Vol. 4, p. 93, R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1966
  7. ^ Inquiry from Joseph Schlippe , Freiburg's head of building construction, technical manager of the municipal settlement company and at the time acting head of the Baden State Monuments Office, founding member of the Freiburg Rotary Club, to Bruno Biehler on October 13, 1947 regarding the revival of the Rotary Club in Munich; Freiburg City Archives, holdings K1 / 44/1069 Archive link ( Memento of the original dated December 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.4 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.freiburg.de
  8. ↑ Paul U. Innocence : On the History of the Rotary Club of Munich ( Memento of the original from July 6, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rotaryfirst100.org
  9. ↑ F. u. R. Biehler: Bruno Biehler , 1913, p. 5.
  10. ^ Frieder Uihlein: 100 years of the Freiburg Academic Ski Club . In: Black Forest Ski Association (ed.): Black Forest Snow Flurry. Official organ of the Black Forest Ski Association , issue 2, November 2003, p. 8–10, here: p. 8. ( PDF file ( Memento of the original from February 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / skiverband-schwarzwald.com
  11. ↑ www.sport-komplett.de
  12. ^ Information from ASC Freiburg
  13. ↑ Fig
  14. ↑ Ralf von Rango ( arrangement ): Das Jäger Regiment No. 3 , Verlag Anton Dreselly Nachf. Max Probst, Munich 1929.
  15. ↑ www.weltkriegsopfer.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.weltkriegsopfer.de  
  16. ↑ Veronika Krull: Memorial commemorates fallen "hunters" , Allgäuer Anzeigeeblatt, September 10, 2004
  17. ↑ Reit im Winkl - Ski jumping hill archive , skisprungschanzen.com
  18. ↑ picture ( memento from June 26, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  19. ^ J. Popp: The warrior memorial chapel of Reit im Winkel. In: Decorative art, illustrated magazine for applied arts, vol. 33 = vol. 28., 1924/25, pp. 257–260 ( digitized version )
  20. ^ The art and the beautiful home , born 1935, H. 70, P. 247, F. Bruckmann, Munich.
  21. ↑ Bad Wiessee architectural monuments (PDF; 72 kB), Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  22. ↑ The exhibition of the drafts for the model estate on the Möslewald . In: Der Alemanne , February 19, 1935
  23. ↑ Notes on the Möslesiedlung architectural competition , Freiburg i. Br., K1 / 44/1294
  24. ↑ Lenggries Monument List, Bavarian State Office f. Monument preservation (PDF file; 167 kB) , as of April 26, 2013
  25. ^ "Wow" experience only from 2014 , Süddeutsche Zeitung, November 13, 2012
  26. ↑ Friedenskirche Bad Wiessee. Evangelical Luth. Bad Wiessee parish, accessed on February 17, 2016 .
  27. ^ What connects the Wandelhalle and the Friedenskirche , Münchner Merkur, Miesbach district edition, June 21, 2010
  28. ↑ History of the ski lift in Hindelang - the first on German soil ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.urlaub-im-web.de
  29. ↑ Eberl Medien (ed.), Wolfgang B. Kleiner (photos), Martin Kluger (text): Bad Hindelang im Allgäu . Context Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-939645-21-4 . The very first ski lift in Germany was built in Schollach in the Black Forest as early as 1908 .
  30. ↑ Herfried Thaler (arrangement), Federal Monuments Office, Department for Inventory and Monument Research (Ed.): Austrian Art Topography, Volume LV: The profane architectural and art monuments of the city of Linz, III. Part: Outside areas, Urfahr, Ebelsberg . 2001, ISBN 978-3-85028-301-4 .
  31. ↑ NS buildings Bachl field settlement , site of the city of Linz, accessed 22 May 2012
  32. ^ Nazi buildings Harbachsiedlung , website of the city of Linz, accessed on May 22, 2012
  33. ↑ a b Der Baumeister , year 1948, issue 2/3.
  34. ↑ [1]
  35. ↑ Christ Church: Reconstruction after World War II ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Evangelisch in Neuhausen-Nymphenburg, accessed on May 22, 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / evnn.de
  36. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung, Volume 54, 1934
  37. ↑ Rasp, p. 30
  38. ↑ Martin Achrainer: Innsbruck as the seat of the Alpine Club and the never built "House of Mountaineers" . In: Alpine Association Yearbook Berg 2008, Vol. 132, pp. 236–241. Munich, Innsbruck, Bozen 2007. ( PDF file , 4083 kB)
  39. ↑ DAV, OeAV, AVS (ed.): Bergheil! Alpine Club and Mountaineering 1918-1945 , Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2011; reproduced from: Großglockner: Eine Hütte für Adolf ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Echo Tirol Online, October 1, 2011; see also the article by Bruno Biehler: The planned rest house on Fuschertörl in: Die Strasse , H. 21/22, 1940, pp. 468–471. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.echosalzburg.at
  40. ↑ Design drawings in the architecture museum of the Technical University of Munich
personal data
SURNAME Biehler, Bruno
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Biehler, Bruno Alexander
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German skier and architect
DATE OF BIRTH July 19, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH March 24, 1966
Place of death Munich