Field angle spider
| Field angle spider | ||||||||||||
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Field angle spider ( Eratigena agrestis ), female |
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| Eratigena agrestis | ||||||||||||
| ( Walckenaer , 1802) |
The field angle spider ( Eratigena agrestis , syn .: Tegeneria agrestis ) is a species of the genus Eratigena in the family of funnel spiders (Agelenidae) native to Central Europe .
features
The female reaches a body size of 10 to 12 mm; the male grows to 9 to 10 mm. Females and males do not differ in terms of color and drawing.
The basic color of the body is a yellowish brown. The barely hairy front body ( prosoma ) shows two broad and diffuse, dark olive-colored longitudinal bands, which, however, are often hardly recognizable. On the breast plate ( sternum ) a bell-shaped central mark can be seen with the broad end facing forward, which is flanked by three lighter spots.
The back of the body ( opisthosoma ) is irregularly dotted with fine dark olive dots. The bright angular spots typical for the genus are only weakly contrasting. The legs are also plain yellowish beige brown.
The field angle spider is smaller, lighter and has shorter and less powerful legs than the well-known large angle spider ( Eratigena atrica ). A reliable differentiation from other species of the genus Eratigena is only possible on the basis of the genitals .
distribution and habitat
The relatively warmth-loving species inhabits the temperate and subtropical zones of the Palearctic from Great Britain to Eastern Siberia and western North America. The north-western limit of distribution in Europe runs through northern Germany, the species is absent in Denmark - with the exception of the small island of Peberholm - and in Scandinavia . In Germany, the occurrence is largely limited to low-lying areas in the middle and north-east, with favorable temperatures, the species is absent here in large parts of the low mountain ranges and in the south.
In Germany, the species is bound to heat-favored areas such as dry grassland, sunny forest edges and similar habitats; in contrast to the large angle spider , it occurs only in exceptional cases in caves or houses (e.g. for wintering).
Way of life
The animals build their funnel nets mainly under pieces of wood or bark. Sexually mature animals occur mainly from July to October.
Danger
The species is widespread and medium abundant in suitable habitats. In Germany it is classified as "safe" in the Red List .
Web links
Eratigena agrestis in the World Spider Catalog
literature
- Heiko Bellmann : Cosmos Atlas Arachnids of Europe . 3rd edition, 2006. Kosmos, Stuttgart, ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1 .
- Ambros Hänggi, Edi Stöckli, Wolfgang Nentwig: Habitat of Central European Spiders . Miscellanea Faunistica Helvetiae 1995, Center suisse de cartographie de la faune, Neuchatel (CH).
- Ralph Platen, Bodo von Broen, Andreas Herrmann, Ulrich M. Ratschker, Peter Sacher: Total species list and red list of spiders, harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of the state of Brandenburg (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones) with information on frequency and ecology. Nature conservation and landscape management in Brandenburg 8, booklet 2 (supplement); 1999.